scholarly journals Homeostaticity of the collection samples of soybeans according to the trait “seed weight per plant”

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
M. V. Skulova ◽  
A. V. Chegunova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Early Ripening

The current paper has presented the study results on the homeostaticity of the collection samples of soybeans according to the trait “seed weight per plant” in the southern part of the Rostov region, conducted on the fields of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2017-2019. The purpose of the research was to determine the homeostaticity of the collection samples of soybeans according to the trait “seed weight per plant”. The objects of the research were 75 samples of soybeans of the middle early ripening group, which varied according to their morphological, biological and economically valuable traits and properties. There have been selected 27 collection samples of soybeans, which significantly exceeded the standard variety in terms of to the trait “seed weight per plant”. The soybean variety ‘Don 21' developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” was used as a standard variety. The meteorological conditions during the growing season of soybeans during the years of study were different, which made it possible to objectively estimate the parameters of homeostaticity. For statistical processing of the results obtained, there were used the Dospekhov's methods of analysis of variance, the homeostaticity indices (Hom) were calculated according to V. V. Khangildin. (1984). According to the study results, it was established that the sample ‘Veselovskaya 5', ‘Line 504/11' and ‘PR 110370 OZ 006' had high productivity indices per a plant, along with high homeostaticity indices. There has been recommended to use them in breeding for homeostaticity and ecological adaptability. The highly productive samples ‘Im 55-2', ‘Kyoto', ‘Kofu', ‘Line 696-1', ‘M-91-212006, ‘RZhT Shuna', ‘SVH 14 TOS 1D' have shown a low index of homeostaticity. They could be characterized as the samples responsive to the improvement of environmental conditions and could be recommended as an initial material when developing varieties of intensive type.

scholarly journals The study results of the winter soft wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin in the south of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ivanisov ◽  
D. M. Marchenko ◽  
E. I. Nekrasov ◽  
I. A. Rybas ◽  
T. A. Grichanikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Grain Crop

The improvement of grain production is the most important global task. The introduction of new highly productive varieties of the leading grain crop, winter wheat, plays a huge role in its solution. The paper presents the study results of 80 winter soft wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin. Frost and winter resistance rise of the developed winter soft wheat genotypes today and in the nearest future is one of the main directions of breeding work. The preservation of highly productive winter soft wheat varieties varied from 0.0% to 78.3% at a freezing temperature of –19 °C. The varieties “Kaprizulya”, “Lilit”, “Zhavoronok”, “Lydia”, “Krasa Dona”, “Polina”, “Volnitsa” and “Volny Don”, developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” have the highest frost resistance among the studied samples, they preserved 57.0 ... 78.3% of living plants. Grain productivity of the samples ranged from 6.36 to 8.90 t/ha in 2015–2017. The 16 out of 80 studied varieties reliably (НСР05 = 0.64 t/ha) exceeded the standard variety “Don 107” for this trait. Productivity of the best samples ranged from 8.14 t/ha (“СО 911”) to 8.90 t / ha (“Laureat”). The biological productivity of winter soft wheat varieties varied from 8.37 to 9.07 t/ha, exceeding the standard variety from 0.67 t/ha (“СО 911”) to 1.37 t/ha (“Laureat”). It should be noted that the correlation coefficient of actual and biological productivity was 0.84±0.06. As a result of the current study, there were identified the genotypes “Lydia”, “Volnitsa” and “Zhavoronok” combining high productivity, grain quality and resistance to low negative temperatures.

scholarly journals The productivity and resistance to unfavorable environmental factors of the facultative barley varieties sown in the autumn and spring

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
L. A. Radchenko ◽  
A. F. Radchenko ◽  
Т. L. Ganotskaya ◽  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
A. A. Dontsova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
The Republic

The current paper has presented the study results of the facultative barley varieties of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the conditions of the Republic of Crimea. The study was carried out in 2017-2019 on the experimental plots of the department of introduction and technologies in field cultivation and animal husbandryof the FSBSI Research Institute of Agriculture of the Crimea, located in the village of Klepinino of Krasnogvardeisky district, in the central steppe zone of the peninsula. There has been studied the productivity of six facultative varieties (developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”) in comparison with the variety ‘Dostoyny' (developed in the Breeding and Genetic Institute of the National Center for Seed and Variety Study of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine). The varieties were sown in the autumn and spring, at the optimum sowing time for winter grain crops. The trials were conducted with the grain crops sown in weedfree fallow and after sunflower. The spring barley variety ‘Strannik' (the Prikumskaya Experimental Breeding Station) was used as a control variety for spring sowing. When sowing in the autumn in weedfree fallow, the varieties ‘Foks 1' and ‘Master' were at the level of the standard variety with the productivity of 6.37 and 6.32 t/ha, respectively. When sowing in the spring, the early ripening varieties ‘Master' (2.92 t/ha), ‘Tigr' (2.88 t/ha) and ‘Foks 1' (2.70 t/ha) were the best ones, which in 2018 and 2019 significantly exceeded the standard variety ‘Dostoyny'. In 2018 the varieties ‘Vivat' and ‘Tigr' formed the productivity at the level of the standard variety when sown after sunflower in the autumn. In 2019 the best yields were produced by the variety ‘Timofey' with 3.62 t/ha (+0.17 t/ha to the standard value) and ‘Master' (+0.10 t/ha). Under more favorable conditions of 2019, when sowing in the spring the facultative varieties ‘Foks 1' and ‘Master' produced 1.89 t/ha, significantly exceeding the standard variety ‘Dostoyny' on 0.64 t/ha each. When sown after sunflower the varieties ‘Master' produced on average 1.2 t/ha (+0.32 t / ha to the standard value) and ‘Foks 1' (+0.15 t/ha).

scholarly journals Estimation of ecological adaptability and stability of the promising winter barley varieties in a competitive variety testing

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Evgenij Filippov ◽  
Roman Bragin ◽  
Alexandra Dontsova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Processing Software ◽  
High Level ◽  
Variety Testing

There has been estimated the ecological adaptability and stability of winter barley varieties in the conditions of the Rostov region. There were studied 4 varieties and 6 lines of winter barley developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The estimation was conducted according to the S.A. Eberchart, W.A. Rassel method (1966, ed. by V.A. Zykin), using a statistical processing software Statistica 10 and Excel. During the years of study (2017-2019), the environmental conditions varied significantly, which allowed reliably estimating the environmental adaptability and stability of the studied varieties and lines. The analysis of adaptability and stability resulted in identification of such responsive varieties as ‘Marusya’ and ‘Yerema’, as well as the line ‘Parallelum 1976’ with linear regression coefficients more than 1. The varieties ‘Marusya’ and ‘Yerema’ were the best ones among the studied varieties and lines, showing high and stable productivity over the years of study. According to the study results the variety ‘Vivat’ showed a sufficiently high level of adaptability. The variety ‘Timofey’ and the lines ‘Parallelum 1979’, ‘Parallelum 1981’, ‘Pallidum 1972’ showed a sufficiently high level of stability.

scholarly journals Productivity and adaptability parameters of the winter bread wheat varieties developed at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the southern part of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
V. L. Chernova ◽  
S. V. Podgorny ◽  
О. V. Skripka
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Growing Conditions

The current paper has presented the three year study results (2017-2019) of the 11 winter bread wheat varieties in a competitive variety testing for productivity, environmental stability and adaptability. The purpose of the current study was to assess the ecological adaptability and stability of the winter bread wheat varieties developed at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the southern part of the Rostov region. According to the data, it was found that the average productivity for 2017-2019 was 9.72 t/ha. The highest productivity was obtained in the varieties ‘Razdolye', ‘Donskaya Stepp' and ‘Univer'. In the current study the varieties ‘Razdolye' (1.26), ‘Univer' (1.09) and the standard variety ‘Ermak' (1.06) were characterized with great ecological adaptability, these varieties positively responded to the improvement of growing conditions and belonged to the varieties of intensive type. The two varieties ‘Yubiley Dona' and ‘Rubin Dona' with a regression coefficient of 1.00 were the most adaptable ones, their productivity change precisely corresponded to the changes in growing conditions. The maximum stability over the years was shown by the variety ‘Etude' (0.00). The study has proved that the highest stress resistance was demonstrated by the variety ‘Etude' (-4.14), the other varieties have shown middle values of the trait. The maximum value of genetic flexibility was identified in the varieties ‘Razdolye' (10.09), ‘Univer' (9.58) and ‘Donskaya Stepp' (9.53). The highest homeostatic indices were identified in the varieties ‘Shef' (Hom = 10.09), ‘Etude' (Hom = 9.58), ‘Donskaya Stepp' (Hom = 9.53). Taking into consideration the complex of such indicators as adptability, stability and homeostaticity, the varieties ‘Donskaya Stepp' and ‘Univer' can be charged as the most adaptive varieties among all studied.

scholarly journals Ecological estimation of winter peas in the conditions of the southern part of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
M. V. Skulova ◽  
K. N. Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Spring Sowing

The current paper has presented the study results on the ecological estimation of seed peas of different types of development. The purpose of our study was to assess the quantitative and qualitative indicators of seed peas varieties of different types of development in the southern part of the Rostov region. The trials were carried out on the experimental plots of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” at the laboratory for legumes breeding and seed production. Autumn sowing was carried out in the second decade of October. Spring sowing was conducted in the third decade of March. The objects of the study were the variety ‘Legion’ sown in autumn and spring in comparison with the variety ‘Aksaysky Usatiy 5’, which was used as a standard variety in the trials. The statistical data were processed according to B. A. Dospekhov’s methodology (2012) using Excel with the STATISTICA 10 application. The variety ‘Legion’ sown in autumn ripened earlier in comparison with the standard variety ‘Aksaysky Usatiy 5’. Early ripening of winter peas than spring peas made it possible to evenly distribute the load on the harvesting equipment, since ripening of spring peas often coincided with ripening of winter grain crops, such as winter barley and winter wheat. The variety ‘Legion’ sown in winter exceeded the standard variety ‘Aksaysky Usatiy 5’ in such indicators as “plant height”, “number of beans”, “number of seeds”, “seed weight per plant” and “protein percentage”. The study results have shown that the conditions of the southern part of the Rostov region were favorable for the cultivation of winter peas. The winter peas ripened a decade earlier than spring peas, and seed productivity was 1.7–1.8 times larger.

scholarly journals Variability and correlations of economically valuable traits in cowpea from the VIR collection in the environments of Astrakhan provincer

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
M. V. Gurkina
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Seed Maturation ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Background. The problem of a deficit in vegetable protein and the need to diversify agricultural produce require involvement of new and little-known crops, such as cowpea, in the production. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a high-protein leguminous crop; its breeding and production have been intensified in Russia only in recent years. The study of the VIR collection, carried out at the Institute’s branch in Astrakhan, makes it possible to disclose the crop’s breeding potential. Objective: Studying the range of variability and tracing the relationships of economically valuable traits in vegetable (green pod) cowpea under the conditions of Astrakhan Province.Materials and methods. In 2008‑2010, a study was implemented at an experiment plot of the Astrakhan branch of VIR. Thirty- three accessions of green pod cowpea from the VIR collection were studied to analyze the variability of 12 phenotypic traits. Positive and negative correlations were identified between the following characters: interphase periods (flowering, industrial ripeness and seed maturation), shape of the shrub, lengths of the stem and to the first pod, length and weight of the pod, number of seeds per pod, presence of a parchment layer and fiber in pod valves, pod yield per plant, number of pods and peduncles, seed weight per plant, and weight of 1000 seeds.Results and conclusion. Medium variability was observed for such characters as the interphase periods ‘shoots–industrial ripeness’ and ‘shoots– seed maturation’, number of seeds per pod, and weight of 1000 seeds: the coefficient of variation (CV) was 15‑18%. High variation was registered for the length and weight of the pod (CV = 26‑32%), shrub shape, stem length, and length of the stem up to the first pod (CV = 35‑37%). The widest ranges of variability were demonstrated in the quantitative yield characters of cowpea accessions: number of pods per plant (CV = 33‑49%), number of flower stalks (CV = 38‑51%), and seed weight per plant (CV = 38‑44%), which means that cowpea yield is quite susceptible to weather conditions. During the three years of studying, the lowest levels of variability in economically valuable traits were characteristic of the accessions of the early-ripening group: k‑668 and k‑873 (China); mid- ripening group: k‑971 (India); and late-ripening group: k‑141 (China). Cowpea pod productivity depended to the greatest degree from mean values of the number of pods per plant (r = 0,73) and the number of peduncles (r = 0,71). The identified correlations in the productivity components make it possible to optimize the selection of accessions promising as source materials for the development of new high-yielding cultivars.

scholarly journals Productivity and elements of its structure of the new pea lines

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
М. V. Skulova ◽  
K. N. Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
The Given ◽  
Fineness Of Grain ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Variety Testing

The studies were carried out in 2016–2018 in the competitive variety testing of peas on the crop rotation fields belonging to the laboratory of legume breeding and seed-growing of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the part of the Rostov region with unstable humidity (Zernograd). During the years of research, the meteorological conditions of the pea vegetation were contrast that made it possible to objectively estimate the pea lines in the given weather and climate conditions. In the com­petitive variety testing, the 18 lines were studied according to economically valuable traits (seed productivity, productivity elements, adaptability to machine harvesting). As a result of the study, the 6 pea lines were identified: 2 lines of the mustache morphotype “G-1002”, “G-1003”; 4 leafy lines “G-1010”, “G-1011”, “G-1013” and “G-1015”. In the group of the mustache morphotype, 2 lines “G-1002” (on 0.30 t/ha), “G-1003” (on 0.39 t/ha) exceeded the grain productivity of the standard variety for 3 years of study on aver­age. The productivity increase was from 12.4 to 16.1%. In the group of variety samples of the leafy morphotype, the line “G-1010” (on 0.31 t/ha) significantly exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. All the selected lines were tolerant to their seed-shedding. The line “G-1010” (48.8 pc per plant) showed the highest seed yield per plant. The lines “G-1003” (222.1 g), “G-1011” (209.5 g) and “G-1013” (207.8 g) had the largest fineness of grain. The line “G-1010” (8.85 g/plant) demonstrated the highest productivity per plant. However, having a low coefficient of resistance to lodging (0.35), this line has the greatest loss of seeds during harvesting. The iden­tified lines will be used in further breeding work according to a number of their economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Agroecological estimation of the new soybean lines developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
K. N. Khabibullin ◽  
M. V. Skulova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Variety Testing

The current paper has presented a material on agroecological estimation of the new soybean lines developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. As a result of the competitive variety testing in 2017–2019, five soybean lines of the middle-early ripening group were selected with a vegetation period less than 120 days, exceeding the standard variety “Don 21” in seed productivity. The temperature and water conditions during the years of study were different, which allowed evaluating the lines in contrasting cultivation conditions. Statistical data processing was carried out by B. A. Dospekhov’s analysis of variance (2012). Agroecological estimation of the new soybean lines was carried out according to S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell’s method (1984) and according to V. V. Khangildin’s method (1984). Based on the conducted study, there were identified the lines “L-1016” and “L-1017”, which are characterized by stabile productivity, and the lines “L-1001”, “L-1012” and “L-1013” which are responsive to the improvement of the agricultural background. The identified soybean lines “L-1016” and “L-1017” will be used in future breeding as the sources of adaptability, and the lines “L-1001”, “L-1012” and “L1013” to develop varieties of intensive type. Comparing the time cost, the need for computer technology to carry out calculations according to the methods of agroecological estimation proposed by S. A. Eberhart / W. A. Russell and V. V. Khangildin, the first method is more labor-intensive. According to the first method, the indicators of agroecological estimation must be recalculated if the number of samples changes, since they affect the final result of the calculations, but the second method does not need it. It has been recommended when working with a large number of breeding material to use the method proposed by V. V. Khangildin to speed up math calculations in agroecological estimation.

scholarly journals THE STUDY RESULTS OF ADAPTIVE-ECOLOGICAL TRAITS OF THE NEW VARIETIES AND PROMISING LINES OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT IN THE RYAZAN REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Average Productivity ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
Study Results ◽  
As Stress

A number of objective reasons for the modern agrarian complex show that it is necessary to orient the most part of the agricultural establishments to a wider introduction of environmentally adaptable varieties. Due to the relevance of this problem, the article analyzes the study results of the competitive variety trials (2016–2018) of 6 varieties, 2 of which are on the SVT, and 11 breeding lines of winter wheat of local selection according to the parameters of ecological adaptability in the agricultural zone of the Ryazan region. There were studied such indicators as stress tolerance, genetic flexibility, coefficient of variation, coefficient of adaptability, yield range, index of stability and indicator of PUSS. As a result of research, it was found that the yield of the standard variety “Angelina” was 7.59 t/ha. The varieties “Glafira”, “Okskaya Krasa” (8.25 and 8.31 t/ha, respectively) produced larger average productivity than the standard variety. The breeding lines “L 45/18”, “L 48/18”, “L 49/18”, “L 65/18”, “L 64/18”, “L 46/18”, “L 63/18” had an average productivity of 7.72 to 8.16 t/ha. It was established that the studied winter wheat varieties and lines had different stress resistance (–0.9...–3.1), a large variation in genetic flexibility (6.9–8.34), different stability index (3.4–19.0) and PUSS (39.6%–223.6%). It was found that only 10 (58.8%) varieties and lines out of 17 studied ones had an average adaptability factor higher than 1. The study has identified that the variety “Glafira” and the breeding lines “L 43/18”, “L 44/18”, “L 45/18” are the most adaptable and stable ones in the conditions of the Ryazan region.

scholarly journals THE STUDY RESULTS OF MORPHO-BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF NORTH AMERICAN ALFALFA SAMPLES

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Ignatiev ◽  
А. А. Regidin ◽  
T. V. Grayzeva ◽  
K. N. Goryunov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Double Sequence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Alfalfa is the most valuable forage crop spread all over the world. Due to the varietal diversity of alfalfa in the countries of North America, the laboratory of breeding and seed-growing of perennial grasses of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” conducted the experiments over 27 samples of American and Canadian breeding to find genetic sources of economic and biological traits. The field trials were conducted according to generally accepted methods for forage crops in 2016–2018. The area of experimental plots was 1 m2 with double sequence. The period “beginning of spring germination” and “beginning of flowering” were studied depending on the climatic conditions of the year. In 2016 and 2017 spring germination took place in March, and in 2018 it was in the 1-st decade of April. Beginning of flowering in the studied samples ranged from the 3-d decade of May to the 1-st decade of June. On average, over 3 years, the number of days in the period “beginning of spring germination – beginning of flowering” varied from 68 to 73 days. This period of the standard variety was 72 days. The studied samples had this period on 1–4 days shorter, excluding the samples “K-33299” and “K-42249” (73 days). According to the yield of green mass, none of the samples reliably exceeded the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” (3.29 kg/m2). The studied alfalfa samples formed 1.57–3.5 kg/m2 of green mass. According to the plant foliage amount, the indicators of the studied samples varied from 42 to 49%. The samples “K-33299” and “K-43272” with 49% of foliage amount slightly exceeded the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” (48%). The hay yield of the studied samples varied from 31 to 40%, “K-43272” formed the smallest indicator (31%), “K-42249” and “K-45715” (40%) produced the largest amount and when the hay productivity of the standard variety was 35%. There have been identified reliable correlations between the yield of green mass and hay, as well as between the yield of green mass and the number of days during the period “beginning of spring germination – beginning of flowering”.

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