scholarly journals Productivity and elements of its structure of the new pea lines

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
М. V. Skulova ◽  
K. N. Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
The Given ◽  
Fineness Of Grain ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Variety Testing

The studies were carried out in 2016–2018 in the competitive variety testing of peas on the crop rotation fields belonging to the laboratory of legume breeding and seed-growing of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the part of the Rostov region with unstable humidity (Zernograd). During the years of research, the meteorological conditions of the pea vegetation were contrast that made it possible to objectively estimate the pea lines in the given weather and climate conditions. In the com­petitive variety testing, the 18 lines were studied according to economically valuable traits (seed productivity, productivity elements, adaptability to machine harvesting). As a result of the study, the 6 pea lines were identified: 2 lines of the mustache morphotype “G-1002”, “G-1003”; 4 leafy lines “G-1010”, “G-1011”, “G-1013” and “G-1015”. In the group of the mustache morphotype, 2 lines “G-1002” (on 0.30 t/ha), “G-1003” (on 0.39 t/ha) exceeded the grain productivity of the standard variety for 3 years of study on aver­age. The productivity increase was from 12.4 to 16.1%. In the group of variety samples of the leafy morphotype, the line “G-1010” (on 0.31 t/ha) significantly exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. All the selected lines were tolerant to their seed-shedding. The line “G-1010” (48.8 pc per plant) showed the highest seed yield per plant. The lines “G-1003” (222.1 g), “G-1011” (209.5 g) and “G-1013” (207.8 g) had the largest fineness of grain. The line “G-1010” (8.85 g/plant) demonstrated the highest productivity per plant. However, having a low coefficient of resistance to lodging (0.35), this line has the greatest loss of seeds during harvesting. The iden­tified lines will be used in further breeding work according to a number of their economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals THE NEW MAIZE HYBRID ‘ZERNOGRADSKY 299 MB’ OF GRAIN AND SILAGE USE

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Variety Testing

Changing climatic conditions and the loss of immunity to diseases and pests of the developed varieties make breeding work to create new genotypes of great necessity. The new middle-early maize hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 299 MB’ of universal direction of economic use (for grain and green fodder) has been developed in the “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The hybrid is three-linear; it belongs to the varieties with crown yellow grain Zea mays L. indentata. It possesses high values of the main economically valuable traits. The average grain productivity through 3 years of competitive variety testing (2014–2016) was 5.36 t/ha, the variety yield exceeded the standard variety ‘Zernogradsky 291 AMB’ on 0.41 t/ha (8.3%). The average productivity of green mass is 27.6 t / ha, which is higher than that of the standard variety on 2.4 t/ha (9.5%). The new hybrid is resistant to lodging (2.1% of lodged plants), drought-resistant, resistant to smut on a natural background (0.4% of affected plants), has a high starch percentage (71.9%). In 2018, according to the results of the State Variety Testing, a new hybrid was introduced into the State List and approved for use in the Central Blackearth and NizheVolzhsky regions to cultivate it for grain and green fodder. It has a high potential for grain productivity. The maximum yield (11.23 t/ha) was obtained in the Central Blackearth region on the Oboyansk plot of the Kursk region, which is higher than the standard variety ‘Voronezhsky 279 CB’ on 2.03 t/ha (22.1%) with lower grain harvesting moisture (on 1,6%) than the standard variety.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY AND ITS STRUCTURE ELEMENTS OF THE WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES AND LINES IN THE COMPETITIVE VARIETY-TESTING CONDUCTED BY THE ARC “DONSKOY”

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Gromova ◽  
O. V. Skripka ◽  
A. P. Samofalov ◽  
S. V. Podgorny ◽  
O. A. Nekrasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Ear Number ◽  
Variety Testing

The researches were conducted in 2016–2017 by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” to study varieties and promising lines of winter wheat of intensive type according to their productivity and economically valuable traits. According to productivity through the years of study the variety ‘Donskaya Step’ and the lines ‘1005/14’ and ‘1074/14’ have been identified with a yield increase from 0.52 to 1.38 t/ha (HCP05=0.47 t/ha) compared to the standard variety ‘Ermak’. The analysis showed that the maximum number of productive stems per unit area was formed by the varieties ‘Yubiley Dona’ (582 pcs / m2) and ‘Etyud’ (569 pcs / m2) in comparison to the average value of the standard variety ‘Ermak’ (488 pcs / m2). According to ‘length of an ear’, ‘number of kernels per ear’ and ‘kernels’ weight per ear’ there was identified the variety ‘Kipchak’ (10.39 cm; 43.05 pieces and 1.87 g respectively). ‘Kernels’ weight per ear’ of the other varieties varied from 1.36 g (‘Shef’) to 1.87 g (‘Aksiniya’). ‘Grain weight per plant’ ranged from 2.86g (‘Shef’) to 3.68g (‘1074/14’). ‘Number of kernels per plant’ of the studied varieties varied from 67.2 pcs (‘Shef’) to 87.2 pcs (‘1005/14’). The line ‘1074/14’ showed the largest index of ‘grain weight per plant’ (3.68g). The line ‘1005/14’ was the best in ‘number of kernels per ear’ (87.2 pcs).

scholarly journals Estimation of productivity of the new peas lines and determination of their adaptability parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
А. R. Ashiev ◽  
К. N. Khabibullin ◽  
А. V. Chegunova ◽  
М. В. Skulova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
Variety Testing

The purpose of the current study was to consider and identify promising peas lines with high grain productivity and determine their adaptability parameters. The field study was carried out at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the southern part of the Rostov region during the 4-year competitive variety testing (2017–2020). The objects of the study were 19 breeding lines developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. All lines were of a leafless type. The standard variety was the variety ‘Aksaysky usaty 5’. The lines ‘G-1002’ (2.60 t/ha), ‘G-1003’ (2.81 t/ha), ‘G-1005’ (2.58 t/ha), ‘G-1007’ (2.56 t/ha), ‘G-1014’ (2.63 t / ha) and ‘B-3790/30-3’ (2.54 t/ha) showed a significant excess over the standard variety. The mean productivity in the competitive variety testing of 2017–2020 was 2.41 t/ha. The maximum productivity difference among the years was 1.63 t/ha, or 89% of the mean productivity. This indicates a high contrast of the cultivation conditions over the years. There have been identified the adaptability parameters of the pea lines (stress resistance, genetic flexibility, homeostaticity and breeding value), which exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. The lines ‘G-1014’ (5.31), ‘G-1007’ (6.12), and ‘B-3790/30-3’ (6.47) showed the highest homeostaticity. The productivity of these lines was more even over the years and it is preferable to cultivate them in contrasting conditions (zones of risky farming, low agricultural background). The lines ‘G-1002’ (4.19), ‘G-1005’ (4.53) were a bit inferior to them. The line ‘G-1003’ had the lowest level of homeostaticity (3.98). The lines ‘G-1014’ (1.49), ‘G-1007’ (1.47), ‘B-3790/30-3’ (1.44) were characterized with the greatest indicator of breeding value. According to the results of the competitive variety testing in 2017–2019, in 2019 the line ‘G-1003’ with the highest grain productivity, was sent to the State Variety Testing under the name ‘Zernogradsky usaty’ in the North Caucasian (6) region. According to the estimation results of the adaptive properties, the variety is responsive to the improvement of cultivation conditions and has been recommended for cultivation in intensive technology.

scholarly journals Homeostaticity of the collection samples of soybeans according to the trait “seed weight per plant”

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
M. V. Skulova ◽  
A. V. Chegunova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Early Ripening

The current paper has presented the study results on the homeostaticity of the collection samples of soybeans according to the trait “seed weight per plant” in the southern part of the Rostov region, conducted on the fields of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2017-2019. The purpose of the research was to determine the homeostaticity of the collection samples of soybeans according to the trait “seed weight per plant”. The objects of the research were 75 samples of soybeans of the middle early ripening group, which varied according to their morphological, biological and economically valuable traits and properties. There have been selected 27 collection samples of soybeans, which significantly exceeded the standard variety in terms of to the trait “seed weight per plant”. The soybean variety ‘Don 21' developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” was used as a standard variety. The meteorological conditions during the growing season of soybeans during the years of study were different, which made it possible to objectively estimate the parameters of homeostaticity. For statistical processing of the results obtained, there were used the Dospekhov's methods of analysis of variance, the homeostaticity indices (Hom) were calculated according to V. V. Khangildin. (1984). According to the study results, it was established that the sample ‘Veselovskaya 5', ‘Line 504/11' and ‘PR 110370 OZ 006' had high productivity indices per a plant, along with high homeostaticity indices. There has been recommended to use them in breeding for homeostaticity and ecological adaptability. The highly productive samples ‘Im 55-2', ‘Kyoto', ‘Kofu', ‘Line 696-1', ‘M-91-212006, ‘RZhT Shuna', ‘SVH 14 TOS 1D' have shown a low index of homeostaticity. They could be characterized as the samples responsive to the improvement of environmental conditions and could be recommended as an initial material when developing varieties of intensive type.

scholarly journals The effect of a number of quantitative traits on seed productivity of alfalfa samples

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
К. N. Goryunov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Optimal Values

The current paper has presented the correlation between alfalfa seed productivity and the values of morphological characteristics for a three-year growing cycle. The purpose of the study was to estimate the correlation between the alfalfa samples' productivity and the elements of its structure and other traits in order to find their optimal values. The study was carried out in 2017-2019 on the experimental plots of the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The material for the research was a working collection of 105 alfalfa samples, varieties and lines, and the standard variety ‘Rostovskaya 90'. The crops were sown in row, in double repetition, with row spacing of 20 cm on a plot of 1m2, the seeding rate was 2 g/m2. The seed productivity of the collection samples varied from 27.2 g/m2 (the sample ‘SGP-128') to 101.0 g/m2 (the sample ‘SGP-414'). The average productivity of the standard variety ‘Rostovskaya 90' was 53.2 g/m2. About 23% of the samples that exceeded the standard variety produced 60-101 g/m2. Analysis of the graphs of the correlation between productivity and other traits made it possible to determine their optimal values, namely height of alfalfa plants varied from 80.3 (‘SPCh-434') to 107.3 cm (‘SGP-414'). The optimum plant height was between 94 and 98 cm. The number of beans per bunch in the studied samples varied from 8.8 to 16.2 pcs.; the optimal number of beans per bunch was from 12 to 13 pcs.; the number of turns on a bean was from 1.4 to 2.8, the optimal number was 2.4-2.6. The number of seeds in a bean varied on average from 3.1 to 6.4 pcs., the optimal number was 5.0-5.5 pcs. These values have formed the basis for the model of the alfalfa variety. The study of the alfalfa collection resulted in the identification several samples due to their productive and economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals The effect of a vegetation period on productivity, protein and oil percentage in grain of the collection soybean samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
A. V. Chegunova ◽  
M. V. Skulova ◽  
K. N. Khabibullin ◽  
N. S. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the current study was to identify the effect of the length of a vegetation period of the collection soybean samples on grain productivity and quality. The study was carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region in the fields of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2018–2020. The climate is semi-arid with moderately hot summers. The soil is ordinary thick calcareous heavy loamy blackearth (chernozem). The forecrop was winter wheat. The objects of the study were collection soybean samples of the ARIGPR named after N.I. Vavilov. The study was carried out on 75 samples, including 52 middle early samples with 110-120 days of vegetation and 23 middle maturing samples (120-130 days of vegetation), differing in morphobiological and economically valuable traits. The analysis of a vegetation period, grain productivity and quality of the collection soybean samples has shown that in the southern part of the Rostov region the most variable trait was grain productivity (Cv = 22.5%). The less variable characteristics were protein percentage in grain (Cv = 3.8%), a vegetation period (Cv = 4.2%) and oil content in grain (Cv = 5.3%). There has been identified a positive effect of the length of a vegetation period of soybeans on grain productivity and oil content in grain for both groups of maturity, protein percentage in both groups of maturity having a negative dependence on a vegetation period. The study has shown that in the middle early group, the largest grain productivity was obtained with 117 and 118 days of vegetation, the highest protein percentage with 110 and 114 days of vegetation, and the largest oil content in grain with 118 and 120 days of vegetation. In the middle maturing group, the maximum productivity indicators were obtained for the samples with 126 and 130 days of vegetation, the maximum protein percentage with 122 days of vegetation and the maximum oil content in grain with 123 and 130 days of vegetation. The samples showing the maximum indicators will be included in further soybean breeding.

ALLOCATION OF SOURCES AND DONORS OF ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE TRAITS FROM THE COLLECTION MATERIAL OF CUCUMBER TO CREATE HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
N. V. Kulyakina ◽  
G. A. Kuzmitskaya ◽  
T. K. Yurechko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Damage Degree ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Far Eastern

The downy mildew (peronosporosis) is the most dangerous and harmful cucumber disease in the Far-Eastern region. Its harmfulness is the highest during the period of flowering – fruiting, because it may completely ruin the cucumber plants both in open and protected ground. Use of cucumber sorts with effective genes that are resistant to the disease is the most efficient way to fight cucumber peronosporosis. In this connection the publication adduces the facts of study the sorts and hybrids of different ecological and geographical origin from the genetic resources collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in comparison with three zoned sorts of DV NIISH selection – Mig, Khabar, Amurchonok. The aim of researches – to identify the sort samples cucumber according to the main economically valuable traits and also to the degree resistance of genetypes to the main disease of the culture in the region – downy mildew (peronosporosis), for allow to select the source material for the creation of sorts and hybrids, highly productive and resistant to biotic and abiotic stress environmental factors in the monsoon climate conditions of Khabarovsk region. The perspective genetypes having both the resistance to the diseases and productivity are not revealed as a result of the evaluation of the collection of cucumber samples according to their susceptibility by fungus diseases and productivity. Slavyanskiy (Belarus) is more resistant to peronosporosis, especially in 2016 year conditions, although it was inferior to the damage degree of disease to the zoned sorts – Mig, Khabar, Amurchonok. This perspective sample is planned to be used as a source of donors of the main economically valuable traits in a further selective work.

Plan for the development of specialized climate forecasting in NEACC

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
S.V. Emelina ◽  
◽  
V.M. Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
North Eurasia

The possibility of developing specialized seasonal forecasting within the framework of the North Eurasia Climate Centre is discussed. The purpose of these forecasts is to access the impacts of significant large-scale anomalies of meteorological elements on various economic sectors for the timely informing of government services and private businesses to select optimal strategies for planning preventive measures. A brief overview of the groups of climatic risks in the context of the impacts on the socio-economic sphere is given according to the Russian and foreign bibliographic sources. Examples of the activities of some Regional Climate Centers that produce forecast information with an assessment of possible impacts of weather and climate conditions at seasonal scales on various human activities are given. Keywords: climate services, regional climate forums, weather and climate risks, North Eurasia Climate Centre

Climate Change, Scorpion Ecology, and Envenomation

2019 ◽  
pp. 460-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Mehdi Ait Laaradia ◽  
Btissam Bouimeja ◽  
Fadoua Aabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Scorpion Envenomation ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Scorpion Stings ◽  
Thermophilic Organisms ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Variable Weather

Every year, more than 1 million cases of scorpion envenomation are reported worldwide. Scorpions are thermophilic organisms. They are sensitive to weather and climate conditions, in such a way the ongoing trends of increasing temperature and more variable weather could lead to scorpionism spreading. There has been considerable debate as to whether global envenomation will be impacted by climate change which has focused on snake and spider envenomation risk. This debate didn't give enough interest to scorpion stings and its burden risks, in spite their widespread potential effects in many regions. Here, the authors review how climate and climate change may impact scorpion activity as well as scorpion envenomation. They contrast ecological and behavioral characteristics of these arthropods, and how weather, climate, climate change, and socioeconomic factors may have very different impacts on the spatiotemporal occurrence and abundance of scorpions, and the resulting scorpion envenomation.

The role of weather and climate conditions on extreme wildfires

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário G. Pereira ◽  
Joana Parente ◽  
Malik Amraoui ◽  
António Oliveira ◽  
Paulo M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Weather And Climate
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