Particle Temperature Measurements by Spectroscopic and Two-Wavelength Streak Imaging

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Craig ◽  
R.A. Parker ◽  
F.S. Biancaniello ◽  
S.D. Ridder ◽  
S.P. Mates
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Spray ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Particle Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Velocity Change ◽  
Processing Technologies

Abstract A two-wavelength particle imaging pyrometer has been developed to measure temperature, velocity and size of individual particles within a field of view and a depth of field that spans the entire particle stream in most thermal spray devices. The pyrometer provides continuous updates to particle condition profiles, histograms and correlations. The software locates particle streaks, determines the intensity ratio and dimensions of each streak, and calculates the particle temperature, velocity and size. Many forms of advanced materials processing technologies, such as thermal spray, spray-forming and atomization processes, have considerable need of process control sensor technology. These measurements provide the basis for application of the pyrometer to many of these processes. Particle temperature measurements of plasma-sprayed ceramic powder were obtained using a spectrometer and the pyrometer. Comparisons of the measurements show that the vision-based pyrometer has excellent accuracy. The standard deviation of the measurements was 40 K or about 1.3 %. Additional pyrometer measurements were used to determine its minimum detectable temperature and velocity change, which were 12.4 K and 2.77 m/s, or 0.4 % and 1.5 %, respectively. The vision-based particle sensor can now be applied to high performance control strategies to provide stable particle temperatures and velocities over long duration plasma spray processes.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of Sensors for Military Monitoring Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
David T. Bird ◽  
Nuggehalli M. Ravindra
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Sensor Fabrication ◽  
The Us ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
The Many

The US Department of Defense (DoD) realizes the many uses of additive manufacturing (AM) as it has become a common fabrication technique for an extensive range of engineering components in several industrial sectors. 3D Printed (3DP) sensor technology offers high-performance features as a way to track individual warfighters on the battlefield, offering protection from threats such as weaponized toxins, bacteria or virus, with real-time monitoring of physiological events, advanced diagnostics, and connected feedback. Maximum protection of the warfighter gives a distinct advantage over adversaries by providing an enhanced awareness of situational threats on the battle field. There is a need to further explore aspects of AM such as higher printing resolution and efficiency, with faster print times and higher performance, sensitivity and optimized fabrication to ensure that soldiers are more safe and lethal to win our nation’s wars and come home safely. A review and comparison of various 3DP techniques for sensor fabrication is presented.

Thermal Spray Forming Using the HVOF Technique

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Guilemany ◽  
J.R. Miguel ◽  
M.J. Dougan ◽  
J.M. de Paco ◽  
Z. Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Spray ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Material Decomposition ◽  
Hvof Spraying ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Hvof Spray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Microstructural Examination

Abstract The feasibility of using the HVOF process for the thermal spray-forming of free-standing components has been investigated. HVOF spray forming offers a number of potential advantages compared to the established procedure of plasma forming, including increases in component density, and reduction in material decomposition during spraying. Using blends of carbide and superalloy powders in various proportions, HVOF spraying has been successfully used to form free-standing cylinders and cones of various lengths and thicknesses. Microstructural examination of the spray-formed material has shown a homogeneous distribution of carbides in the superalloy matrix, with very low levels of porosity. Refinement of the procedure has allowed reduction of the matrix content, and the forming of fragile materials.

scholarly journals Optimization and Process Control for High Performance Thermal Spray Coatings

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Moreau ◽  
Luc Leblanc
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Thermal Spray ◽  
Plasma Spray ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermal Spray Coatings ◽  
Wear Resistant Coatings ◽  
Spray Coatings ◽  
Consistent Manner ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sprayed Coatings

Abstract Thermal spray coatings are used to protect surfaces against exposure to severe conditions. To insure a reliable protection, not only the structure and properties of the sprayed coatings must be optimized but also one needs to develop appropriate process control techniques to produce high performance coatings in a consistent manner, day after day. This is particularly important during plasma spraying as the wear of the electrodes affects significantly the plasma characteristics and consequently the coating properties. First, in this paper, the stability of plasma spray processes is investigated by monitoring in-flight particle characteristics and plasma fluctuations. Secondly, the possibility and advantages of controlling plasma spray processes by monitoring and regulating the condition of the sprayed particles are discussed. Finally, we will see how the properties of thermal barrier coatings and wear resistant coatings can be optimized by controlling the temperature and velocity of the sprayed particles both in the plasma spray and HVOF (high velocity oxy-fuel) processes.

Innovative Minimally Intrusive Sensor Technology Development for Versatile Affordable Advanced Turbine Engine Combustors

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Goldstein ◽  
Carlos A. Arana ◽  
Fritz Bien ◽  
Jamine Lee ◽  
John Gruninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Hot Gas

The feasibility of an innovative minimally intrusive sensor for monitoring the hot gas stream at the turbine inlet in high performance aircraft gas turbine engines was demonstrated. The sensor uses passive fiber-optical probes and a remote readout device to collect and analyze the spatially resolved spectral signature of the hot gas in the combustor/turbine flowpaths. Advanced information processing techniques are used to extract the average temperature, temperature pattern factor, and chemical composition on a sub-second time scale. Temperatures and flame composition were measured in a variety of combustion systems including a high pressure, high temperature combustion cell. Algorithms for real-time temperature measurements were developed and demonstrated. This approach should provide a real-time temperature profile, temperature pattern factor, and chemical species sensing capability for multi-point monitoring of high temperature and high pressure flow at the combustor exit with application as an engine development diagnostic tool, and ultimately, as a real-time active control component for high performance gas turbines.

An Innovative Approach to Enhance Collaboration in the Biomedical Field

2014 ◽  
pp. 979-991
Author(s):  
Georgia Tsiliki ◽  
Manolis Tzagarakis ◽  
Spyros Christodoulou ◽  
Sophia Kossida ◽  
Nikos Karacapilidis
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Data ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Entire Life Cycle ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Performance Computing

Web 2.0 technologies applications have been suggested as potential enablers for the accumulation of multidisciplinary knowledge, for instance in the biomedical field. Such applications offer new ways of creating, collaborating and sharing user-generated content online. Under this context, the authors' present an innovative Web 2.0 approach that exploits prominent high-performance computing paradigms and large data processing technologies to meaningfully search, analyze and aggregate data existing in diverse, extremely large and rapidly evolving sources. The underlying tool is designed to support the entire life cycle of a biomedical collaboration, with specifically implemented services. Preliminary evaluation results are also presented and discussed.

Facilitating and Augmenting Collaboration in the Biomedical Domain

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Karacapilidis ◽  
Manolis Tzagarakis ◽  
Spyros Christodoulou ◽  
Georgia Tsiliki
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Biomedical Domain ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Decision Points ◽  
Manageable Level ◽  
Performance Computing ◽  
Associated Data

This paper reports on a Web 2.0 tool that aims to facilitate and augment collaboration and decision making in data-intensive and cognitively-complex biomedical settings. The proposed tool exploits prominent high-performance computing paradigms and large data processing technologies to meaningfully search, analyze and aggregate data existing in diverse, extremely large and rapidly evolving sources. It can be viewed as an innovative workbench incorporating and orchestrating a set of interoperable services that reduce the data-intensiveness and complexity overload at critical decision points to a manageable level, thus permitting stakeholders to be more productive and concentrate on creative activities. Through a particular collaboration scenario, we explore various possibilities and challenges of managing biomedical collaboration with the use of the proposed tool. Much attention is given at the increase of volume, rate of production and complexity of the associated data types.

Nanoceramic Processing for High-Power Multi-channel Electron Multiplier in Low Temperature Cofire Ceramic (LTCC)

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zheng ◽  
W. Kinzy Jones ◽  
Wenzhong Wu ◽  
Raghunandan Seelaboyina
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Positive Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Gain Factor ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Electron Multiplier ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Individual

Nanoceramic processing technologies are brought together with standard LTCC materials to demonstrate a dynode structured electron multiplier with integrated cooling. Process developments include the integration of numerous components, including an embedded passive, high-density interconnect, and high-performance thermal management system. Enhanced processing capabilities utilize nanoparticles to control sintering kinetics. Cofirable thick Ag tapes have been demonstrated that allow multilayer structures to include a thick (up to 0.5mm) solid Ag layer. The development of 3-D cavities using fugitive inserts have produced meso- and micro-scale channels, with X-Y-Z channels of 50 μm diameter demonstrated. Nano-sized MgO, processed using electrophoretic deposition, has been developed for a secondary electron emitter (SEE) with a gain factor of 2.0. To minimize thermal run-away and, subsequently, thermal failure, a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistor system compatible with LTCC processing is being developed to reduce supplied power to the individual multiplier structures to control localized heating. In this study the synthesis of nanostructure MgO is shaped by electrophoretic deposition that consists of the deposition of particles at dynodes submerged in a solution of magnesium methoxide. Charged particles of MgO are suspended in the solution and forced to move toward the dynode (which bears the opposite charge) by applying an electric field, thus forming a thin coating of collected MgO particles on the dynode. Different annealing conditions are used to optimize the microstructure and secondary electron emission (SEE) of the deposited materials.

scholarly journals Advanced Micro- and Nano-Gas Sensor Technology: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleh Nazemi ◽  
Aashish Joseph ◽  
Jaewoo Park ◽  
Arezoo Emadi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
Nano Fabrication ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Sensor Arrays

Micro- and nano-sensors lie at the heart of critical innovation in fields ranging from medical to environmental sciences. In recent years, there has been a significant improvement in sensor design along with the advances in micro- and nano-fabrication technology and the use of newly designed materials, leading to the development of high-performance gas sensors. Advanced micro- and nano-fabrication technology enables miniaturization of these sensors into micro-sized gas sensor arrays while maintaining the sensing performance. These capabilities facilitate the development of miniaturized integrated gas sensor arrays that enhance both sensor sensitivity and selectivity towards various analytes. In the past, several micro- and nano-gas sensors have been proposed and investigated where each type of sensor exhibits various advantages and limitations in sensing resolution, operating power, response, and recovery time. This paper presents an overview of the recent progress made in a wide range of gas-sensing technology. The sensing functionalizing materials, the advanced micro-machining fabrication methods, as well as their constraints on the sensor design, are discussed. The sensors’ working mechanisms and their structures and configurations are reviewed. Finally, the future development outlook and the potential applications made feasible by each category of the sensors are discussed.

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