scholarly journals ABOUT THE HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLISHING INDUSTRY IN KARAKALPAKSTAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Idrisov Rashid Baysovich
Keyword(s):  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Soviet Policy ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
History Of Formation

The article deals with the issues on the history of formation of publishing houses in Karakalpakstan at the first half of the XX century. The first typographic equipment in the region appeared at the end of the 19th century. During the Soviet period publication policy became an important part of the Soviet policy. The government financed this branch totally and provided the edition of book production includingthe books in the karakalpak language. In the 1930s the system of publishing industry which is completely controlled by the Centre was created in Karakalpakstan.

scholarly journals Mikhail Prishvin's «Diaries» as a publishing project

Bibliosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
N. Р. Dvortsova
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Local History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Editorial Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses

The research centers upon the bibliographical study of the history (1991–2017) and prehistory (1957–1990) of M. M. Prishvin’s «Diaries» (1905–1954) publication recognized as the longest (18 volumes) diaries in Russian literature.  In modern science Prishvin’s «Diaries» are studied in a number of aspects: as a historical and cultural chron­icle of the country in 1905–1954; the writer’s self-consciousness and creative laboratory; a fiction text in the system of its motives, literary and philosophical contexts, as well as from the point of view of its publishing fate which is narrowly understood as a fragmentary history of its publication.  The paper novelty is due to, first, reconstruction of the history and prehistory of the «Diaries» publication, and second, the system analysis of the publication history in connection with the changing economic models of publishing business, types of publishing houses, their repertoire, strategies, and features of the editorial work during the publication of the collected works. Moreover, the author distinguishes three types of ego-texts in Prishvin’s works (sketch books, diary, and diary books) and, accordingly, different publication strategies.  The study reveals that within the prehistory of the «Diaries» publication there were two main approaches to their publishing: first, they were published in shortened versions (1986); second, in fragmentary versions based on the thematic or chronological principle, most often in a journal variant.  Prishvin’s «Diaries» are considered in the context of the writer’s whole collected works: the pre-Soviet («Znanie Publishing House», 1912–1914) and the Soviet («Gosizdat», 1927–1930, 1929–1931; «Goslitizdat», 1935–1939; «Khudozhestvennaya literature», 1982–1986) periods.  The history of Prishvin’s «Diaries» publication in the post-Soviet period is described as a collective book project carried out by the efforts of five state and non-state publishing houses: «Moskovskii Rabochii» (1991–1995), «Russkaya kniga» (1999–2004), «ROSSPEN» (2012); «Novyi Khronograf» (2013–2014); and «Rostok» (2006–2017). The author demonstrates the «Diaries» connection with the repertoire and strategies of these publishers.  After the reconstruction of the history and prehistory of Prishvin’s «Diaries» publication from the initial fragments to full print and electronic versions, the author convincingly proves that this long-term collective book project belongs to the local history of the Russian publishing industry in the XX–XXI centuries.  

Historian of the Russian State Library. In Memory of L.M. Koval (1933—2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Margarita Y. Dvorkina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Library History ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
October 17 ◽  
State Library ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the memory of Lyudmila Mikhailovna Koval (October 17, 1933 – February 15, 2020), historian, Head of the History sector of the Russian State Library (RSL) and the Museum of Library history. The author presents brief biographical information about L.M. Koval, the author of more than 350 scientific and popular scientific works in Russian and in 9 foreign languages. She published 29 books in Publishing houses “Nauka”, “Kniga”, “Letniy Sad”, ”Pashkov Dom”, most of the works are dedicated to the Library. Special place in the work of L.M. Koval is given to the Great Patriotic War theme. The article considers the works devoted to the activities of Library staff during the War period. L.M. Koval paid much attention to the study of activities of the Library’s Directors. She prepared books and articles about the Directors of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums and Library from the end of the 19th century and almost to the end of the 20th century: N.V. Isakov, D.S. Levshin, V.A. Dashkov, M.A. Venevitinov, I.V. Tsvetaev, V.D. Golitsyn, A.K. Vinogradov, V.I. Nevsky, N.M. Sikorsky. The author notes contribution of L.M. Koval to the study of the Library’s history. Specialists in the history of librarianship widely use bibliography of L.M. Koval in their research. The list of sources contains the main works of L.M. Koval, and the Appendix includes reviews of publications by L.M. Koval and the works about her.

scholarly journals Government houses as presentation of power and ideology in the Ottoman State: The case of Safranbolu Government House

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Sema Tuba Özmen ◽  
Beyza Onur
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Ideological Context ◽  
The Ideal

Architecture, which is associated with the practice of producing space, has always rendered the powers and ideologies visible. This study investigates the government houses in the 19th century Ottoman State with regard to the notions of power and ideology and focuses on the Government House of Safranbolu. It is known that, in the specified period, government houses were important ideological interventions to urban space. This study aims to address the ideological context of the Safranbolu Government House, which is positioned with the ideal of the state. Based on this, first, the urban history of Safranbolu was examined. The importance of Safranbolu Government House in the history of the city, its relationship with the city, its ideological message to the city-dwellers and its architectural style were analyzed through a method based on archival research. All government houses of the period are the artifacts of urban-spatial structures and their architectural style as well as a shared ideology. Safranbolu Government House, which is one of the structures symbolizing the Ottoman State, was also built with a similar ideological consideration. Thus, the readability of the dominant ideology through the production style of Safranbolu Government House, one of the final period architectural artifacts of the Ottoman State, was verified.

Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein and his Russian Publishers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-298
Author(s):  
Elena M. Shabshaevich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time ◽  
Extensive List

The article presents a focused look at the professional relations of the composer and pianist Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein (1829—1894) with his main Russian publishers — V.V. Bessel and P.I. Jurgenson. The article is based on musical and historical research concerning the history of the Bessel and Jurgenson publishing houses, works on copyright, A.G. Rubinstein’s epistolary, and archival documents from the Russian National Museum of Music. For the first time in music science, there are revealed some pages of the history of personal and business contacts of the three named persons, primarily the conflicts related to the rights to publish the composer’s works in Russia. The first documented contract for the publications of A.G. Rubinstein was received by P.I. Jurgenson (for op. 82, 1868). However, the contract of A.G. Rubinstein with the trading house “Bessel and Co.”, concluded in 1871 (though Rubinstein’s first work had been published by Bessel two years earlier), was much more extensive and significant. Under this contract, it was supposed to publish more than fifty A.G. Rubinstein’s works of various genres, so in the 1870s, V.V. Bessel became the main Russian publisher of the composer. However, in 1879, A.G. Rubinstein unexpectedly changed his main publisher in Russia. This position was taken by P.I. Jurgenson, whose trading house also published an extensive list of Rubinstein’s compositions, as well as his literary works. This is evidenced by several notarized contracts, stored in the Russian National Museum of Music, between Rubinstein and “P.I. Jurgenson” company. Thus, the two leading Russian publishers of A.G. Rubinstein legally formalized their relations with the composer, which allows us to follow, in a reasoned and substantive way, the process of maturation of the institution of copyright for music publications in Russia in the last third of the 19th century.Using the example of A.G. Rubinstein, in comparison with the position of M.A. Balakirev, the article also raises the issue of granting copyright to a publisher not only in Russia, but also “forever and for all countries”. The comparative analysis of publications of the same composer by different publishing companies is also new to Russian musicology, this helps identify certain accents that publishers put in popularizing A.G. Rubinstein’s works. The publication of the composer’s works by various publishers also highlights new aspects in his creative process, in the history of the creation, receipt of the opus number, and the titles of some of his works.

The political and legal views of Mikhail Speranskiy in the Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 290-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Yu. Pochekaev
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Government Reform ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century

Mikhail Speranskiy, an outstanding Russian statesman and legislator of the first half of the 19th century, was Governor-General of Siberia from 1819 to 1821. The main result of this moment in his career was the government reform in Asiatic Russia as well as the formulation in 1822 of a set of codes – rules and regulations – for Siberia and its peoples. Speranskiy tried to incorporate his theories on state and law into these codifications. One of these codes was the Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz which provided for a reform of the government system of the Kazakhs (‘Kirghiz’ in the Russian pre-revolutionary tradition) of the Middle Horde, who were under the control of Siberian regional authorities. The Middle Horde became a place where Speranskiy could experiment with his ideas. Previous researchers have paid more attention to the consequences of the promulgation of the ‘Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz’ for the later history of Kazakhstan. This paper clarifies which specific ideas of Speranskiy on state and law the Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz reflect, and answers the question of whether they had practical importance. A substantial part of the ‘Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz’ was, in fact, ineffective and would not be used in practice because of Speranskiy’s lack of knowledge of the Kazakhs, and his underrating of their political and legal level. At the same time, the authority of Speranskiy in 19th century Russia as legislator and reformer was so high that his Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz remained in force until the 1860’s, when the next substantial administrative reforms of the Kazakh steppe took place.


scholarly journals The History of the Aginsk Steppe Duma in the Documents from the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatiya (1839-1904) Has Been Published

2020 ◽  
pp. 950-959
Author(s):  
Victor N. Kazarin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
East Russia ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 19Th Century

The review of an anthology on the history of the Aginsk Steppe Duma published by drs. B.V. Bazarov, B.T. Zhalsanova, L.V.Kuras notes that hundreds the new archival documents offer a holistic view on the governmental politics concerning one of large ingenious peoples of East Russia. The composers have identified and presented documents reflecting various aspects of local self-government of the Aginsk Duma created on the basis of M.M. Speransky’s Statute on the Inorodtsy of 1822. The review contains a brief characteristic of the archival documents corpus systematized in volumes and argues their information value. The documents contain data on the officials of the Duma, personnel structure in dynamics from its foundation to its termination. The edition offers an array of documents on tax policy pertaining to indigenous population, public censures, correspondence on administrative and land disputes at the turn of the 19th century. Authors-composers have published family lists of the Aginsk buryats. The review underscores the information value of the commentary included in all volumes of the edition, the nominal indexes numbering hundreds of surnames. The illustrative component of this three-volume edition is also emphasized: there are rare photos of officials of the Aginsk department, meetings of tsesarevitch Nikolai Aleksandrovich in Transbaikalia in 1892, deputy of the State Duma, descendants of families from the Transbaikal steppes in the Soviet period. The review emphasizes the importance of such edition for studying governmental policies concerning ingenious peoples, balance of government and local self- government, social and economic and cultural development of East regions in the Imperial period. Materials of the three-volume edition open numerous unpublished documents to researchers. The review notes its value for historians, local historians, archivists, museums employees, and those researching their family tree.

scholarly journals Integrative reflections in the contemporary approach of the architecture of buildings for shows

Arta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Aurelia Trifan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Period ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
History Of Construction ◽  
National Theater ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 19Th Century

The current approaches, materialized in studies and research programs, further explain and complete the general picture regarding the identity of buildings for shows in the Republic of Moldova. The need to update existing information and correct errors and unconfirmed assumptions arises as a result of identifying new data. The research carried out in the field of buildings for shows focuses both on the detailing of its constitution and on the revelation of the architectural-artistic value – starting with the 19th century. The first buildings for shows (the Nobles’ Meeting Club and the „Pushkin” Auditorium), the refurbished buildings („Patria” Cinema and the Organ Hall) and adaptations to new programs such as soviet cinemas are highlighted. Thorough research of the history of construction and reconstruction of the two most famous buildings for shows, which were the headquarters of the Romanian National Theater in Chisinau, contributes to the identification of valid novelties in the correct and coherent dating and interpretation, as well as the names of the authors of the projects. Programs based on appreciating the value of the cultural heritage of the Soviet period are submitted to the attention of the professional environment, the interested public and the administrators of the built heritage and represent an attempt to raise awareness of the importance of re-evaluating this heritage.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in Vilnius in 16th–20th Centuries: Review on Social Transformations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 246-262
Author(s):  
Aistis Žalnora
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Analysis ◽  
Main Tendency ◽  
The 19Th Century

There issue of Psychiatry in Vilnius is unexplored field especially in a terms of its social aspects. Most of the former papers devoted to psychiatry in Vilnius were written in descriptive manner or they were uncritical case studies of one or another hospital. One of the first successful studies that was constructed by using modern methodology was a monograph of Dr. Tomas Vaisėta that described a social features of Vilnius psychiatry. However, the study is devoted to a late period – Soviet psychiatry only. Therefore the modern analysis of earlier periods and other Vilnius hospitals was still missing. In our article, we set us a goal, namely, to find the most important features, the so‑called paradigm fractures in the social history of Vilnius psychiatry. The main tendency which should be emphasized was uneven development of Vilnius psychiatry, especially in a terms of attitude towards the patient. In most cases that could be interpreted in a light of a broader Global context. In Vilnius hospitals just like in other countries mentally ill were discriminated because of their unclear social and economic status. In the earliest period the mentally ill as an outcast of society is being locked in a jail‑like mental hospitals or fall into complete favor of the monastery hospices. The 19th century positivism at least theoretically brought humane paradigm to Lithuanian psychiatry. However, because of the limited medical measures as well as economic reasons the later period was marked by the realism or even negativism of semi‑modern interwar psychiatry. Mentally ill again falls into a status of outcast or a burden to the society. The question of responsibility towards mentally ill is avoided by the community as well as by state. Nevertheless, some original solutions were found in Vilnius district. The mentally ill were employed in local farms that at‑least partly solved the issues of economic burden. Moreover, there were some more tendencies that do not fit in the global narrative. Despite the technical advance in treatment that gradually enabled the psychiatrists to help the patient, in the Soviet period we observe the opposite tendency that was to restrain and harm the mentally ill patient. In many cases even totally healthy people were misdiagnosed to be mentally ill and received harsh chemical treatment and isolation because of their personal criticism towards totalitarian Soviet system.

History of formation and modern structure of the bryolological herbarium of the State Natural History Museum of the NAS of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Klymyshyn O. ◽  
Savytska A.
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
History Of Formation

The history of formation of the bryological herbaria of the State Natural History Museum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is considered. Many collectors and scientists-botanists took part in the formation of the main scientific fund of the bryological herbaria, among them A. Lazarenko, K. Ulychna, V. Melnichuk, M. Slobodian and others. The article contains a list of samples of bryophytes, which are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. Rare samples (including doublets and exsiccates) are described from territories of other countries, as well as specimens dating to the end of the 19th century.

MEMORY OF THE PLACE AS THE MAIN PRINCIPLE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EXHIBITION COMPLEX «MESSE BERLIN»

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Екатерина Юрьевна Рыбакова ◽  
Галина Александровна Птичникова ◽  
Игорь Андреевич Бондаренко
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Political System ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The 19Th Century

Основная тема статьи - понятие памяти места, которое является важным ассоциативным элементом коллективной памяти. Рассматриваются история развития и архитектура выставочного центра «Messe Berlin» с начала XX века по настоящее время. Прослеживается взаимосвязь основания и дальнейшего расширения комплекса с историческим местом проведения традиционных ярмарок первой четверти XIX века. Выявляются основные этапы модернизации территории ярмарки (1924-1926, 1930-1935, 1969- 1979 годы, 1991 - настоящее время). Анализируются концепции развития выставочного комплекса «Messe Berlin» в связи с меняющимися политическими условиями и требованиями, затрагивается вопрос бережного подхода к сохранению исторических архитектурных объектов вне зависимости от эпохи и политического строя, в период которых состоялось их возведение. The main topic of the article is the concept of «memory of a place», which is an important associative element of collective memory. The history of development and architecture of the Messe Berlin exhibition center from the beginning of the 20th century to the present are considered. The interrelation between the foundation and the further expansion of the complex with the historical venue of traditional fairs of the first quarter of the 19th century is traced. The main stages of modernization of the fair area (1924-1926, 1930-1935, 1969-1979, 1991 - present) are identified. Concepts of the development of the Messe Berlin exhibition complex are analyzed in connection with changing political conditions and requirements, the question of a careful approach to preserving historical architectural objects, regardless of the epoch and political system during which they were erected, is touched upon.

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