scholarly journals جدليّة أسلمة الأدب العربي: الإشكاليّة والمفهوم (The controversy of Islamization of the Arabic literature: Problems and concept)

Author(s):  
نصر الدين إبراهيم (Nasr el-DIn Ibrahim Ahmad)

ملخص البحث:أفرزت فترة الحداثة وما بعده ان بعض الآراء الفلسفية والنظريات، والأيدلوجيّات المختلفة التي تأثر بها المجتمع العالمي، وأفضى إلى آثار سلبية، قادت في خاتمة المطاف إلى جمود عاطفة الإنسان، وتسلط الآراء الفكرية المنطقية الفلسفية  التي أفرزت ما يُسمى بالمذاهب الغربية، وكل هذه المذاهب وما فيها من محتويات ومضامين قد أثّرت في أدبنا المعاصر تأثيرا سلبيا. ومما يؤسف له أن التقليد الأعمى لهذه المذاهب، هو ما دأب عليه كثير من أدبائنا المعاصرين، مما شوّه مفهوم الأدب، من أجل هذا، دعا بعض الأدباء الحادبين على مفهوم الالتزام في الأدب، ودوره في إصلاح الكون والإنسان والحياة إلى ما يسمى "بأسلمة الأدب"، فصارت هناك جدليّة بين الفريقين في الآراء والمنظور والمفهوم الحقيقي للأدب.الكلمات المفتاحية: الإسلامية- أولاد حارتنا- آيات شيطانية- نائب عزرائيل- الأدب الإسلامي. Abstract:The post-modern era had witnessed the emergence of different philosophical views, theories and ideologies that influence the masses. Consequently, this had resulted in some negative tendencies such as the dullness of emotion and the domination of philosophical logic in thoughts that gave rise to the Western doctrines. The contents of this philosophy had further influenced our modern literature in a negative manner. It is unfortunate that blind following of these doctrines was a found in many of our modern writers that distorted the meaning of literature. In response to this, some modern writers had made the call for the concept of ‘commitment’ in literature and what it promotes in terms of the restoration of the role of the universe, the man and the life that gave rise to the concept of Islamic literature. As a result of this, the concept of literature had been contested by both parties as to what it really stand for.Keywords: Islamization – ‘Aulad haratina’ – Satanic verses – The Deputy of Izrael – Islamic Literature.   Abstrak:Zaman moden banyak menghasilkan falsafah, teori dan ideologi yang berbeza yang mana ia memberi kesan yang negatif kepada masyarakat dan akhirnya membawa manusia kepada pemikiran yang jumud hingga terbentuklah falsafah pemikiran yang berasaskan logik akal yang dinamakan pada hari ini sebagai pemikiran barat. Teori dan falsafah yang dibawa oleh barat ini telah memberi kesan yang negatif  kepada kesusasteraan Arab moden. Bahkan yang lebih menyedihkan adalah ramai dikalangan sasterawan pada hari ini mengambil dan mengikut falsafah barat secara membuta tuli hingga merosakkan konotasi sastera itu sendiri. Oleh yang demikian itu, ada dikalangan sasterawan menyeru supaya berpegang kepada konsep sastera yang betul dan peranannya dalam memperbaiki kehidupan manusia iaitu apa yang dinamakan sebagai “islamisasi sastera”. Maka timbullah perdebatan diantara dua pihak tentang pendapat dan pandangan terhadap konsep sebenar sastera.Kata kunci: Islamisasi – Budak Jalanan – Ayat-Ayat Syaitan – Pembantu I’zrail - Sastera Islam.

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-174
Author(s):  
M.A.S. Abdel Haleem

Balāgha is an important part of the curriculum of schools and universities in the Arab world because of its vital importance to appreciation of Arabic literature and the Qur'an. This is not the case in the BA Arabic curricula in British universities, where students have only three or four years to not only learn Arabic but also cover areas such as Islam and Arabo-Islamic literature and history. Western scholars have also historically neglected to translate basic Arabic texts on the science of balāgha, especially ʿilm al-maʿānī. As a consequence, important features of Qur'anic style can be perplexing to the western student of Arabic. Conversely, it is suggested that in the Arabic curriculum the teaching of balāgha has tended to stress rules more than appreciation, and methodological approaches have remained largely unchanged for centuries. In view of this some suggestions are made of ways in which ʿilm al-maʿānī might be developed and expanded. Three crucial areas of ʿilm al-maʿānī are selected here for consideration: (i) the requirement that speech should conform to the context; (ii) the ways in which affective sentences in Arabic, which are widespread in the Qur'an, are used to engage the reader; (iii) departure from what is expected, including grammatical shifts and the whole area of the use of pronouns in the Qur'an. This article also addresses some recent trends in western studies on Qur'anic style, in the hope that they might allow the two traditions of scholarship, western and Arabo-Islamic, to engage with, and benefit from, each other.


Edupedia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Abd. Muqit ◽  
Shokhibul Mighfar

The ontology of pesantren education is to build the lives of the student with Islamic values because the contents of pesantren education are Islamic doctrine. The epistemology of pesantren education is a method/approach to develop education in pesantren, so that in its axiological aspect can creating individuals who are noble, removes the paradigm of the dichotomy of science, changes indoctrination into participatory, builds a theoretical approach towards an applicative approach, combining a harmonious relationship between reason and revelation, useful knowledge, scientific charity, piety, and noble. The education of pesantren in the modern era needs to prepare learning media to support the achievement of educational goals. In the perspective of Islam, the universe is a medium of learning, included in this category is the media of technology. It’s just that the role of the teacher needs to be prioritized so there is no dehumanization in education.


2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (25) ◽  
pp. 2111-2120 ◽  
Author(s):  
YASAMAN FARZAN

A minimalistic scenario is developed to explain dark matter and tiny but nonzero neutrino masses. A new scalar called SLIM plays the role of the dark matter. Neutrinos achieve Majorana mass through a one-loop diagram. This scenario can be realized for both real and complex SLIM. Simultaneously explaining the neutrino mass and dark matter abundance constrains the scenario. In particular for real SLIM, an upper bound of a few MeV on the masses of the new particles and a lower bound on their coupling is obtained which make the scenario testable. The low energy scenario can be embedded within various SU (2)× U (1) symmetric models. A specific example is introduced and its phenomenological consequences are discussed.


1974 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
D. G. Saari

Under the assumption that the inverse square central force law is a good approximation to the gravitational force, at least for large distances, the different possibilities for the evolution of the Universe are sketched. Several of the possibilities lead naturally to a dynamical classification of clusters of galaxies in an expanding universe. In one of the classifications the galaxies must define configurations which are functions of the masses. The virial theorem approach of determining masses of galaxies in a cluster is briefly examined. Some tentative statements concerning a dynamical explanation of the local hypothesis for quasars are advanced. Finally, the role of mathematical probability in predicting the behavior of the Universe is discussed.


Author(s):  
يوسف مسلم أبو العدوس (Yusuf Muslim Abu al-Oudos)

ملخص البحث:تهدف هذه الدراسةُ إلى إبراز دور الأدب المقارن في خدمة الآداب الإسلاميّة، وإيصالها إلى جميع أنحاء العالم؛ إذ اعترفَ الأدب المقارن منذ بداياته بعالميّة الأدب الإسلاميّ، وتأثيره في الآداب العالميّة، وبخاصّة الأدب الأوروبيّ، ومن هذا المنطلق يمكن تحديد الخطوط العريضة لهذه الدراسة على الشكل الآتي: العوامل التي ساعدت وتساعد في عالميّة الأدب الإسلاميّ، وأثر بعض الأعمال الأدبيّة العربيّة في آداب الأمم الأخرى، ومن هذه الأعمال: قصة مجنون ليلى، وقصة حيّ بن يقظان، وكتاب ألف ليلة وليلة، وكتاب كليلة ودِمنة، وأخيرا الوقوف عند التأثيرات الإسلامية في الكوميديا الإلهية، وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن الآداب العربية والكتب كان لها الأثر البليغ في الآداب الغربية.الكلمات المفتاحية: الأدب المقارن- العالمية–  مجنون ليلى– حي بن يقظان– ألف ليلة وليلة.Abstract:This study aims at pointing out the positive role of comparative literature in uplifting the Islamic literature and conveying it to the rest of the world. Since the dawn of its emergence, it has been acknowledging the globalized characteristics of the Islamic literature and the influences that it bore on the world literatures and in particular the Europen literature. From this point, it is possible to determine the general overview for this study:  the factors that had helped and are still helping in globalizing the Islamic Literature, the influences of some Arab literary works on the literatures of other nations such as: The story of Majnūn and Laylā, The Story of Ḥayy b. Yaqaẓān, The One thousand and One Nights, The Kalīlah wa Dimnah. Finally the study will shed the light on the Islamic influences in the Divine comedy. It concluded that traces of influences of Arabic literature are inherent in the Western literature.Keywords: Comparative Literature– Globalization– Laylā Majnūn- Ḥayy b. Yaqaẓān– One thousand and One Night.Abstrak:Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan peranan positif sastera bandingan dalam menaikkan sastera Islam dan menyampaikan ke seluruh dunia. Sejak daripada permulaan kemunculannya, ia telahpun memperakui ciri-ciri global sastera Islam dan pengaruh-pengaruhnya yang di dapati dalam kesusasteraan dunia dan khususnya kesusasteraan Eropah. Bertitik tolak daripada pemerhatian ini, tinjauan am untuk kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kepada: faktor-faktor yang telah dan masih membantu dalam melonjakkan sastera Islam diperingkat global, pengaruh-pengaruh beberapa karya sastera Arab terhadap kesusasteraan kelompok bangsa lain seperti: Kisah Laylā dan Majnūn, kisah  Ḥayy b. Yaqaẓān, kisah seribu satu malam, kisah Kalīlah wa Dimnah. Kajian akan turut memberikan perhatian kepada pengaruh-pengaruh Islam dalam komedi ketuhanan serta akan turut menyimpulkan kesan-kesan serta pengaruh-pengaruh kesusasteraan Arab yang sedia ada dalam kesusasteraan barat.Kata kunci: Sastera Bandingan– Globalisasi– Laylā Majnūn–  Ḥayy b. Yaqaẓān– Seribu satu Malam.


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4178-4187
Author(s):  
Michael A Persinger ◽  
Stanley A Koren

                The capacity for computer-like simulations to be generated by massive information processing from electron-spin potentials supports Bostrom’s hypothesis that matter and human cognition might reflect simulations. Quantitative analyses of the basic assumptions indicate the universe may display properties of a simulation where photons behave as pixels and gravitons control the structural organization. The Lorentz solution for the square of the light and entanglement velocities converges with the duration of a single electron orbit that ultimately defines properties of matter. The approximately one trillion potential states within the same space with respect to the final epoch of the universe indicate that a different simulation, each with intrinsic properties, has been and will be generated as a type of tractrix defined by ±2 to 3 days (total duration 5 to 6 days). It may define the causal limits within a simulation. Because of the intrinsic role of photons as the pixel unit, phenomena within which flux densities are enhanced, such as human cognition (particularly dreaming) and the cerebral regions associated with those functions, create the conditions for entanglement or excess correlations between contiguous simulations. The consistent quantitative convergence of operations indicates potential validity for this approach. The emergent solutions offer alternative explanations for the limits of predictions for multivariate phenomena that could be coupled to more distal simulations.


KUTTAB ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Salman Zahidi

Ali Bin Abi Talib once said that children should be educated in accordance with the  development of the times. The Ali bin Abi Talib’s statement could be considered as his attention more to the development of human civilization. For that reason, there should be studies focused on the role of educational institutions in facing the challenges of the times. On this stand, the writer raises the existence of pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) for being considered to have been able to survive amid the onslaught of civilization increasingly obscuring cultural identity. In addition, this study also aims to identify and discuss the role of pesantren in the modern era. This is a literature study using a descriptive and exploratory approach. It can be concluded that pesantren are non-formal Islamic educational institutions. Pesantren have permanent and distictive methods and learning models. The purpose of pesantren education is the same as Islamic education in general, instilling a sense of virtue, familiarizing themselves with courtesy, preparing for a holy, sincere and honest life entirely. Pesantren could be seen from three aspects: (a) pesantren that are seen from facilities and infrastructures, (b) pesantren that are seen from disciplines taught, and (c) pesantren that are seen from the fields of knowledge.


2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-356
Author(s):  
Susana A. Pesoa ◽  
Diego O. Croci ◽  
Gabriel A. Rabinovich

Author(s):  
Unnikrishnan V S ◽  
Prashanth A S ◽  
Madhusudan Kulkarni

The science of life Ayurveda, not only deals with the prevention of diseases by maintaining health but also with the alleviation of diseases. In this ultra modern era due to change in lifestyles, sedentary works and food habits, people are unable to follow the Dinacharya and Ritucharya as explained in the classics, which may lead to different diseases. Due to improper postural habits, weight bearing and other unwholesome diets and habits there are higher the chances of discomfort and disease pertaining to spinal cord. Manyasthambha is one such condition that disturbs a big population due to today’s alterations in lifestyle. Here an effort is made to study and understand the role of Nasya Karma, Nasaapana and Shamanaushadhi like Vyoshadi Guggulu in the treatment aspect of this disease. Nasya Karma and Nasaapana provided highly significant results in all the symptoms of Manyasthambha. As per the clinical data, ‘Nasaapana is found to be more effective than Nasya Karma’. So it can be concluded that better results can be obtained with Shaddharana Yoga as Amapachana, Nasaapana with Mashabaladi Kwatha followed by Vyoshadi Guggulu as Shamanoushadhi.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document