scholarly journals Psychology of Behavior of Managers in Conflict Situations of Educational Activities

Author(s):  
Mikhail Mikhailovich Berulava

The presented article is based on the results of a study of the behavior of leaders of educational organizations and institutions in conflict situations. The main theories that develop ways of solving the problem under study from the standpoint of modern psychology have been determined. The aspects of increasing the competence of managers to resolve conflicts in educational activities are considered, taking into account its fundamentally important components. The results of in-depth study of the phenomena necessary for psychological and pedagogical practice are characterized: individual strategies of behavior; the role of unconscious patterns of behavior; stable attitudes of behavior; hierarchy of scenarios and styles of behavior of educational leaders in conflict situations. Variants of using research materials in the experience of heads of educational organizations and institutions are proposed

Author(s):  
Валерий Александрович Казначеев

Статья посвящена изучению роли преподавательской деятельности в профилактике возникновения межличностных конфликтов в образовательной среде студентов средне-специальных и высших образовательных организаций России. В частности, рассматривается морально-психологическая составляющая обучающегося как фактор, провоцирующий возникновение межличностных конфликтов, а также вопросы, раскрывающие особенности конфликтных ситуаций среди обучающихся в целях развития умения у них регулировать конфликты в дальнейшем процессе обучения. В статье рассматривается особая роль возраста студента, поскольку именно в этом возрастном периоде формируется чувство идентичности и умение самостоятельно решать собственные взрослые задачи. Определены предпосылки возникновения межличностных конфликтов в образовательной среде студентов. В частности, отмечено, что постоянное соперничество и иные эмоциональные столкновения приводят к нарушению личностной гармонии студента и способствуют возникновению различных социальных отклонений в среде обучающихся. В заключение рассмотрены факторы, положительно влияющие на профилактику конфликтных ситуаций среди студентов образовательных организаций, а также представлен комплекс организационно-педагогических условий профилактики межличностных конфликтов в профессионально-образовательной среде средне-специальных и высших учебных заведений России. Отмечено, что минимизации конфликтных ситуаций способствуют хорошо организованные воспитательная работа и учебный процесс, утверждение и поддержание дисциплины, активная позиция преподавателей и воспитателей в трудных ситуациях взаимодействия обучающихся. The article is devoted to the study of the role of teaching in the prevention of interpersonal conflicts in the educational environment of students of secondary special and higher educational organizations in Russia. In particular, the moral and psychological component of the student is considered as a factor that provokes the emergence of interpersonal conflicts, as well as issues that reveal the features of conflict situations among students in order to develop their ability to regulate conflicts in the future learning process. The article considers the special role of the student's age, since it is in this age period that a sense of identity and the ability to independently solve their own adult tasks are formed. The prerequisites for the emergence of interpersonal conflicts in the educational environment of students are determined. In particular, it is noted that constant rivalry and other emotional clashes lead to a violation of the student's personal harmony and contribute to the emergence of various social deviations among students. In conclusion, the factors that positively affect the prevention of conflict situations among students of educational organizations are considered, and a set of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the prevention of interpersonal conflicts in the professional and educational environment of secondary and higher educational institutions of Russia is developed. It is noted that the minimization of conflict situations is facilitated by well-organized educational work and the educational process, the approval and maintenance of discipline, the active position of teachers and educators in difficult situations of interaction between students.


1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Анжеліка Шамне

У статті розглянуто сучасні підходи до інтерпретації категорії розвитку, розкрито теоретичні  та методологічні підходи до вивчення категорії розвитку у сучасній психології, визначено її психологічний  зміст,   моделі,   структуру   та   динаміку.   Категорія   розвитку   розглядається   як   епіцентр   наукової  проблематики у психології та як поняття інтегративного типу. Розвиток проаналізовано як категорію,  явище і проблему психології розвитку в різних аспектах аналізу. Розглянуто місце розвитку в системі  споріднених психологічних понять. У статті також аналізуються психологічні аспекти теоретичних та  методологічних  постнекласичних  тенденцій  вивчення  природи,  характеру  та  визначення  психічного  розвитку. Постнекласична парадигма та плюралістична методологія пізнання визначають розмитість  дисциплінарної мови  та  врахування  ролі  соціокультурного  контексту  при  вивченні  психологічних явищ.  Важливими тенденціями сучасного теоретико-методологічного стану психологічних досліджень розвитку  також є визнання неефективності моністичного підходу до його вивчення, взаємозв'язок теоретичних ідей  та   спроби   створення   метатеоретичних   схем,   постнекласичне   розуміння   розвитку   як   принципово  незавершеного   процесу   саморуху,   актуалізація   антропологічного   діапазону   проблем   та   посилення  спрямованості на роль культурного контексту в дослідженні розвитку людини.  The article deals with the modern approaches to the interpretation of the category of development, reveals  the theoretical and methodological approaches to study of development in modern psychology, its psychological  content, patterns, structure and dynamics. Category of development is viewed as an epicenter of scientific issues in  modern  psychology  and  the  concept  of  the  integrative  type.  Category  of  development  is  considered  as  the  phenomenon  and  the  problem  of  developmental  psychology  in  various  aspects  of  the  analysis.  Analyzed  the  development site in the related psychological concepts. The article analyzes the psychological aspects of theoretical  and methodological postnonclassical contemporary trends in the study of nature, character, and determination of  mental  development.  Postnonclassical  paradigm  and  pluralistic  methodology  of  knowledge  determine  the  disciplinary blurring and increase of the role of the analysis of socio-cultural context in the study of psychological  phenomenon. The important tendencies of modern theoretical and methodological state of psychological researches  of development are facts of inefficiency of the monistic approach to its study, interconnection of theoretical ideas  and   attempts   of  creating   metatheoretical   schemes,   postnonclassical   understanding   of   development   as   a  fundamentally  uncompleted  process  of  self-motion,  actualization  of  anthropological  range  of  problems  and  strengthening of focus on the role of cultural context in research of human development.   


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Ja. O. Petik

The connection of the modern psychology and formal systems remains an important direction of research. This paper is centered on philosophical problems surrounding relations between mental and logic. Main attention is given to philosophy of logic but certain ideas are introduced that can be incorporated into the practical philosophical logic. The definition and properties of basic modal logic and descending ones which are used in study of mental activity are in view. The defining role of philosophical interpretation of modality for the particular formal system used for research in the field of psychological states of agents is postulated. Different semantics of modal logic are studied. The hypothesis about the connection of research in cognitive psychology (semantics of brain activity) and formal systems connected to research of psychological states is stated.


Author(s):  
Galyna Zhukova

Growing problem of inconsistency of the academic system of education with the new needs of society and individual, lack of existing structures of education contribute to the emergence of a different approach for the organization of educational activities, which is non-academic. As a philosophical phenomenon, it fully complies with the students' diverse interests and possibilities. Nonacademic education functions outside the academic education, free from strict rules and regulations, it focuses on specific educational requests of different social, professional, demographic groups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8351
Author(s):  
Brack W. Hale

The benefits from educational travel programs (ETPs) for students have been well-documented in the literature, particularly for programs looking at sustainability and environmental issues. However, the impacts the ETPs have on the destinations that host them have been less frequently considered; most of these studies focus, understandably, on destinations in the Global South. This paper draws on a framework of sustainable educational travel to examine how ETPs affect their host destinations in two case study destinations, based on the author’s professional experience in these locations, interviews with host organizations that use the lens of the pandemic, and information from government databases. The findings highlight an awareness of the sustainability of the destination, the importance of good, local partnerships with organizations well-connected in their communities, and educational activities that can benefit both students and hosts. Nonetheless, we have a long way to go to understand the full impacts of ETPs on their host destinations and thus truly learn to avoid them.


2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412199778
Author(s):  
Luca Tisu ◽  
Andrei Rusu ◽  
Coralia Sulea ◽  
Delia Vîrgă

Job resources play a prominent role in employee performance literature, yet a fine-grained understanding of how resources are relevant for several performance types is still needed. Relying on the Job Demands-Resources and Conservation of Resources theories, the present study addresses this call in two ways. First, it examines the predictive effect of four job resources (i.e., role clarity, feedback, autonomy, and opportunities for development) on nine types of performance (i.e., proficiency, adaptivity, and proactivity as an individual, team, and organization member). Second, it tests the moderator role of strengths use in these relationships. Data was gathered from a sample of Romanian employees (N = 332) and analyzed via hierarchical multiple linear regression. The results indicate that the selected job resources are, indeed, predictors of different types of employee performance and not in a unitary manner. Role clarity and feedback appear to be the most relevant predictors for various performance types, while autonomy seems to be the least important. Also, strengths use moderates these relationships, but in a reinforcing manner only regarding opportunities for development. The interaction of strengths use with role clarity and feedback renders the latter two obsolete, indicating that individual strategies may act as substitutes for job resources. These findings add to the Job Demands-Resources theory's versatile nature and provide more clarity to practitioners who plan interventions to enhance specific performance types, taking individual strategies into account.


2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2199639
Author(s):  
Fabiola Perles ◽  
Jesús San Martín ◽  
Jesús M. Canto ◽  
Macarena Vallejo

The objective of the present study has been to assess the influence that the sex of the aggressor and the sex of participant have on the perception of three types of psychological violence in young couples. A total of 693 young people, ranging from 17 years to 25 years, were randomly assigned six different scenarios in which situations of psychological violence between young heterosexual couples were described and where the sex of the aggressor and the types of psychological violence varied. The results of our research revealed that differences in the perception of violence are observed based on the sex of the aggressor, the sex of the participant, and the type of psychological violence, independently, as well as in the interaction of the three variables. This result is relevant as it points to the need for further in-depth study into situations that could contribute to justifying violence.


2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Johnstone

The present review refers to studies published in 2002 in leading research journals. It focuses in particular on learning, teaching and policy in respect of second, modern foreign or additional languages. The comments offered about particular studies are not intended to summarise them (for that, it is best to refer to the actual abstracts which the present journal publishes). What is on offer is a personal selection made because some aspect of a particular article seemed to be of particular interest or to reflect an important trend, and I have attempted to link such elements together to form a narrative. Compared with previous years, two important themes seemed to gather particular momentum in 2002: first, the role of ‘frequency’ in acquisition; and second, the impact of complex and contradictory global factors on everyday pedagogical practice, thinking and attitudes. As in previous years reference is made to the abstracts. Thus, Tarone (2002: 03-158) refers to an article by Tarone published in 2002 and reflected in the 2003 series of this journal as abstract 158. In previous years I have discussed ICT (information and communications technology) in a separate section of its own but this has now been integrated into other sections, reflecting a process of ‘normalisation’.


2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1216-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H. Shelton ◽  
Gordon T. Harold ◽  
Tom A. Fowler ◽  
Frances J. Rice ◽  
Michael C. Neale ◽  
...  

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