scholarly journals Primary morphogenesis of Sorbus Torminalis L. (Grantz) into in vitro culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Bilous ◽  
R. K. Matiashuk

Nowadays in vitro methods, combined with ex situ and becoming an increasingly important means of preserving and maintaining the level of phytodiversity stability. Sorbus torminalis L. is a tree of the Rosaceae family, which grows on the territory of Ukraine, belongs to rare, valuable aboriginal species and is listed in the Red Book of Ukraine, with its protection status - endangered. The peculiarities of introduction of in vitro culture of perennial representatives of S. torminalis with the use of different types of explants, sterilizing substances, cultivation conditions and nutrient medium composition are presented in the paper. For in vitro culture of S. torminalis, annual shoots with apical and lateral buds 15-25 cm long are optimal. The influence of different sterilization options on the development of primary microshoots has been studied. For sterilization of artificially awakened and young shoots it is most effective to use 0.1% solution of AgNO3 (7 min) and 15% solution of H2O2 (10 min). The developed method of sterilization of S. torminalis explants provided 80-90% yield of aseptic plant material. It was found that the sterilization regime did not significantly affect the primary morphogenesis of explants and was uniform. The optimal components of nutrient media at the stage of introduction into vitro culture and primary morphogenesis of S. torminalis have been established. For the cultivation of different types of explants of S. torminalis, used WPM nutrient media with the addition of synthetic plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine, thidiazuron, kinetin 0,5-1,5 mg mg∙l-1 and α-naphthylacetic acid 0,01-0,05 mg∙l-1 both alone and in combination with each other. In particular, for the regeneration of plants from the lateral and apical buds of explants is effective WPM medium with the addition of BAP 1,5 mg∙l-1 + 0,5 mg∙l-1 NAA and WPM + TDZ medium 0,5 mg∙l-1 with adding PVP 200 mg∙l-1. To induce the laying of additional buds and shoots on the explant from the apical meristems in the medium should be added 4,0 mg∙l-1 BAP + 0,01 mg∙l-1 NAA with the addition of PVP 200 mg∙l-1.

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
O. V. Bulko ◽  
L. G. Lioshina

Aim. Micropropagation of Jacob’s ladder Polemonium caeruleum L. and black salsify Scorzonera hispanica L., obtaining root culture and regenerated plants. Methods. In vitro plant cultivation, medium composition modification for micropropagation, inoculation of explants with agrobacterial strains. Results. In vitro cultures of Jacob’s ladder and black salsify have been obtained, the optimal medium composition has been determined for the effective plants multiplication, rooting and growth, root cultures and regenerated plants of studied species have been obtained. Conclusions. Obtained technology of in vitro culture establishment of P. caeruleum and S. hispanica can be used for plants microclonal propagation so as root culture and regenerated plants acquiring due to the agrobacterial transformation – for further studies of secondary metabolism of these plants. Keywords: P. caeruleum L., S. hispanica L., micropropagation, phytohormones, root culture.


2021 ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Olesya Nikolayevna Mazko ◽  
Lyudmila Ivanovna Tikhomirova ◽  
Lyudmila Vladimirovna Shcherbakova ◽  
Natal'ya Grigor'yevna Bazarnova ◽  
Dmitriy Alekseyevich Karpitsky

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) separately and in interaction with auxins on the change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of flavonoids in the raw materials of regenerating plants Iris sibirica L. Cambridge grade in comparison with aeroponic and intact raw materials using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. Raw materials of I. sibirica Cambridge variety obtained in vitro culture had a richer qualitative composition of flavonoids than intact plants. The dependence of the accumulation of flavonoids on the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine in nutrient media was noted. The presence of 13 compounds was observed in extracts of 70% ethyl alcohol from regenerating plants grown at the lowest concentration of BAP (1.0 µM) within the experiment. In quantitative terms, the flavonoid apigenin was maximally determined on a medium with BAP 1 µM, and kaempferol - on media with BAP 5.0 µM, supplemented with auxins. For a medium with 7.5 µM BAP, the lowest variety of compounds was observed (9) and the lowest kaempferol content. Auxins influenced the synthesis of flavonoids. The amount of flavonoids in all variants of the experiment increased by an average of 13% in the presence of auxins. The stages of the technological process of obtaining raw materials I. sibirica Cambridge variety on the basis of clonal micropropagation and cultivation in aeroponics conditions allowed to obtain raw materials that do not contain heavy and toxic metals, are not infected with pathogens and pests. With 1 m2 of useful area of aeroponics for 1 year, it is possible to collect 5 times more raw materials than with field cultivation. According to the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds, aeroponic raw materials are identical to intact plants.


Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazubska-Przybył

The genus Juniperus (of the Cupressaceae family) is the second most prevalent group of conifers on Earth. Juniper species are widely dispersed in the Northern Hemisphere, in Europe and Asia, and in Africa and Central America. Juniper species are resistant to dry climates and can adapt to difficult environmental conditions. Most juniper species are important in both ecological and economic terms. However, today, many forests in which junipers occur are being reduced in size due to both natural causes (fires, for example) and human activity (uncontrolled exploitation of forests, etc.). Also, climate changes may have adversely affected the range of populations of different juniper species. For this reason, some juniper species are now categorized as rare or endangered, and require immediate protective action. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective strategies for ex situ conservation, including reliable procedures for Juniperus sp. reproduction for future reintroduction and restoration programs. The conservation strategies used until now with traditional forestry techniques (seed propagation, rooted cuttings, grafting) have not been satisfactory in many cases. Thus, increasing attention is being paid to the possibilities offered by in vitro culture technology, which enables the conservation and mass clonal propagation of different coniferous tree species. In this mini-review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the use of various methods of the propagation of selected Juniperus species, with a particular emphasis on in vitro culture techniques.


2021 ◽  
Vol 209 (06) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Marina Markova ◽  
Elena Somova

Abstract. The aim of these studies was to introduce into the in vitro culture the steppe cherry (Cerasus fruticosa) variety Shchedraya and the domestic plum (Prunus domestica) variety Sineokaya for subsequent micropropagation. Methods. Optimal conditions for obtaining viable explants, such as sterilizing agent and initiation time, have been investigated. The suitability of various nutrient media for in vitro cultivation of these cultures has also been tested. As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that the most effective sterilizing agents were 38 % perhydrol (control) and 6% chlorhexidine: the yield of viable cherry explants was 63.8 % and 61.5 %, plums – 69.8 % and 66.6 %, respectively. The optimal time for the initiation of cherry explants in vitro was January, where the yield of viable explants averaged 53.9 %, in June – 49.1 %, and for plums the initiation time did not matter – the yield of explants was 55.8 % in winter and 53.1 % in summer. In vitro cultivation of cherries and plums on the Quoirin – Lepoivre nutrient medium provided a significantly high multiplication factor, which averaged 4.1 for cherries (2.7 in control) and 6.0 for plums (3.9 in control). On the same medium, the maximum multiplication factor was obtained, which was 6.2 for cherries and 8.2 for plums. Thus, the scientific novelty of these studies is that the optimal conditions (sterilizing agent, time, nutrient medium) have been selected for the regeneration of cherry and plum explants in vitro with their subsequent micropropagation.


Author(s):  
V. P. Zhuk ◽  
L. O. Sakhno ◽  
M. A. Kharkhota ◽  
S. V. Isaienkov

Aim. The aim of our study was selection of optimal conditions for the initiation of Amaranthus L. aseptic callus in vitro culture from different types of explants and estimation of fatty acid composition in these types of cell cultures. Methods. In vitro culture using leaf disks and internodes as explants. Inert gas chromatography. Results. The optimized Gamborg medium for callus induction was designed (sucrose 25 g/1L; 2.4-D 0.5 mg/L; NAA 1 mg/L). The kinetin in concentration 0.5 mg/L for internodes and for leaf discs explants were added. The fatty acid profiles of calli cultures from the different types of plant explants were analyzed The highest level of Omega-3 fatty acid were detected in cell cultures from internodes and leaf discs of cultivar Helios. Conclusions. Our optimized protocol for Amaranthus callus initiation could be used for further studies of the synthesis and accumulation of biologically active metabolites in Amaranthus tissue culture. The fatty acid composition of calli cultures depend from explant type as well as from plant cultivar. Keywords: Amaranthus, callus, in vitro culture, fatty acid composition


2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
A.Sh. Akhmetova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Zaripova ◽  
A.I. Shigapova ◽  
◽  
...  

Zygote ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Rossetto ◽  
Márcia Viviane Alves Saraiva ◽  
Regiane Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Cleidson Manoel Gomes da Silva ◽  
Luciana Rocha Faustino ◽  
...  

SummaryThis study investigated the effect of three different culture media (α minimum essential medium (α-MEM), McCoy or TCM199 during the in vitro culture (IVC) of bovine isolated pre-antral follicles. Pre-antral follicles greater than 150 μm in size were isolated and cultured for 0 (control), 8 or 16 days in one of the abovementioned culture media. Follicles were evaluated for survival, growth and antrum formation at days 8 and 16. The results showed that TCM199 was the most suitable medium to preserve follicular viability and ultrastructure, resulting in the highest rates of antrum formation. In conclusion, TCM199 promotes the in vitro development of isolated pre-antral follicles without hampering follicular functionality by sustaining in vitro growth and antrum formation.


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