scholarly journals Negotiation and Contestation of Islamic Religious Practices of the Transvestites in Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
Dony Arung Triantoro ◽  
Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Depth Interviews

This paper analyzes the forms of negotiation and contestation of religious practices Transvestites in Yogyakarta. The issue of Transvestites has become a hot conversation in the Indonesian public space and has led to multiple interpretations of the Transvestites identity’s position in the eyes of the law, religion, and society. So, it becomes significant to see how the negotiation and contestation of the Islamic religious practices among Transvestites. This study was conducted through field studies by conducting in-depth interviews and relevant literature search both online and offline. The results indicate that the Contestation of Islamic practices among Transvestites occurs in the form of interpretation of the Quranic texts, families and community organizations. To strengthen its existence, transvestites carried out many negotiations mainly related to the Islamic practice. Negotiations are carried out through various activities such as holding regular recitations, engaging in discussion forums and social activities in the community and interpreting the Quranic verse with a dehumanization approach to Islamic law. Besides, the support of religious leaders and the Legal Aid Institute further strengthens its authority in the community.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Pernikahan Beda Kasta (Studi Kasus Desa Ngafan Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
Ronny Mahmuddin ◽  
Saifullah bin Anshor ◽  
Hamdan Ngaja
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Special Interests ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study aims to determine the prohibition of inter-caste marriage in Ngafan Village, Southeast Maluku, and Islamic legal views on caste marriage in the customs of the Kei tribe, especially in Ngafan Village, Southeast Maluku Regency. This research is descriptive qualitative research with the type of field research (Field Research). The data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews and documentation. The results showed that: 1) The prohibition of inter-caste marriage (not equal) carried out by some people in Ngafan Village is the prohibition of marriage between women from the Mel-Mel caste (highest caste) and men from Riy-Riy (lowest caste). If there is a marriage between these castes, it depends on their family, if they agree then the marriage is still safe, but if they refuse the marriage can be canceled. 2) In Islamic law the scholars differ on the issue of caste (equality) in marriage. Jumhur ulama said that the caste referred to in marriage is religion, independence, social strata and, descent. Imam Malik said that the caste in question was the religion and was free from diseases that were deemed incurable. Meanwhile, the al-Ẓahiriyyah mazhab said that only Muslims were the conditions for marriage. The scholars do not require that caste be part of the legal requirements of marriage, but caste is included in the category of luzu> m requirements, a condition that allows a female guardian to request an annulment of marriage if the male partner is not in the same caste. So the prohibition of marriage is not equal in Ngafan Village can be justified based on the opinion of some scholars. The implementation of this research is expected to contribute theoretically and practically to religious leaders, parties with special interests, and society in general.

scholarly journals Being Woman in the Land of Shari‘a: Politics of the Female Body, Piety, and Resistance in Langsa, Aceh

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ansor
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Women Intellectuals ◽  
Islamic Dress ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p>This study investigates the dynamic of institutionalization of Shari’a in Aceh, which focuses on analysis of the patterns of Langsa women’s resistance against religious leaders and state interpretations of the dress standards in the public space. This matter emerged because the implementation of Shari’a has been supported by local people, but the standard of Islamic dress that should be applied is still debatable among various groups in Aceh that have varied understandings and different religious visions. The regulation of dress code has been an issue for religious leaders, intellectuals, and Moslem activists. The resistance of Langsa women against the politics of body discipline could be open and secret. To analyze the forms of women’s resistance, the researcher applied James C. Scott’s hidden transcripts theory. Inspired by this theoretical framework, the researcher found that Langsa women, intellectuals, and religious leaders expressed their resistance over how women should dress in public space. In collecting the data, the researcher used observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Accordingly, the research shows how Langsa women express their resistance towards religious hegemony and state interpretation of Islam.</p><p>[Tulisan ini membahas dinamika pelembagaan syariat Islam di Aceh dengan fokus resistensi tersembunyi perempuan Langsa terhadap penafsiran elite agama dan pemerintah perihal pembakuan standar pakaian di ruang publik. Meskipun implementasi syariat Islam Aceh mendapat dukungan masyarakat setempat, tetapi ketika sebuah tafsir tertentu tentang pakaian Islami dibakukan dalam regulasi (Qanun), muncul perdebatan dari sebagian muslim yang berpola pemikiran dan visi keagamaan berbeda. Bukan hanya perdebatan di kalangan elite agama, intelektual, maupun aktivis, perempuan di berbagai daerah di Aceh pun mengekspresikan resistensi, baik secara terbuka maupun tersembunyi. Peneliti menggunakan teori hidden transcripts sebagaimana dikemukakan James C. Scott untuk menganalisa resistensi tersebut. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, serta diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD). Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bagaimana perempuan Langsa mengekspresikan resistensi tersembunyi atas hegemoni elite agama dan pemerintah dalam menafsirkan Islam].</p>

scholarly journals Hukum Islam dan Patronase dalam Penentuan 1 Ramadhan di Bungong Keumang

Al-Ahkam ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Cut Rahma Rizky ◽  
Agus Nurhadi
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Government Decision ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p>In 2017, people in Bungong Keumang village started fasting on Thursday, and they did not follow the government's decision to start fasting on Saturday. They prefer to follow the decisions of religious leaders who often overtake fasting, up to 2-3 days. This difference with the government has been going on for a long time, and almost every year has happened. This paper answers the question of why people in Bungong Keumang prefer to follow the decisions of religious leaders in starting Ramadhan fasting rather than following government decision? With in-depth interviews, answers were obtained that the choice of the community was more due to longstanding social patronage relations based on the exchange of values between religious leaders (patrons) and worshipers (clients) that are mutually beneficial to each other. The determination of 1 Ramadhan which is an area of Islamic law is an 'important arena' to strengthen patronage relations. However, at present the client's obedience to patrons is also shifting. The community is increasingly rational in making choices, access to information is also getting easier, and power relations are also decreasing, so the determination of 1 Ramadhan will become stronger into the area of astronomy and Islamic law.</p>

scholarly journals Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Database ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Brown ◽  
Aik-Choon Tan ◽  
Mohamed A El-Esawi ◽  
Thomas Liehr ◽  
Oliver Blanck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Document Similarity ◽  
Inverse Document Frequency ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Experience Levels ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Systematic Biases

Abstract Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.

Demystifying intuition as the main decision system used by farmers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Nuthall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decision System ◽  
Intuitive Process ◽  
Important Improvement ◽  
The Many ◽  
Do So

Abstract Over the decades, many researchers have explored the concept of intuition as a decision-making process. However, most of this research does not quantify the important aspects of intuition, making it difficult to fully understand its nature and improve the intuitive process, enabling an efficient method of decision-making. The research described here, through a review of the relevant literature, demystifies intuition as a decision system by isolating the important intuition determining variables and relating them to quantitative intuition research. As most farm decisions are made through intuition, farmers, consultants, researchers and students of farm management will find the review useful, stimulating efforts for improving decision-making skills in farmers. The literature search covered all journals and recent decades and includes articles that consider the variables to be targeted in improving intuitive skill. This provides a basis for thinking about intuition and its improvement within the farming world. It was found from the literature that most of the logical areas that should influence decisions do in fact do so and should be targeted in improving intuition. One of the most important improvement processes is a farmer's self-criticism skills through using a decision diary in conjunction with reflection and consultation leading to improved decisions. This must be in conjunction with understanding, and learning about, the many other variables also impacting on intuitive skill.

The Partnership between Traditional Birth Attendance (TBA) and Midwives in Childbirth Assistance: A Qualitative Study in East Manggarai Regency

2016 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Fransiska Nova Nanur ◽  
N.P Widarini ◽  
Mangku Karmaya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Birth Attendance ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background and purpose: Partnership between traditional birth attandence (TBA) and midwives is one of the strategies to increase the coverage of childbirth assistance by the health personnel. This partnership seems to be ineffective as still there were TBA performed childbirth assistance. The study aims to find out about the overview and obstacles in the implementation of the partnership between TBA and midwives in the East Manggarai Regency.Methods: The qualitative research with in-depth interviews using open interview guide was conducted on 15 participants who were selected purposively, consisted of two village midwives, five TBAs who partnered with midwives, three TBAs who are not partnered with a midwife, and two participants of community leaders, the religious leaders, the two puerperal women and one policy maker. Data were analyzed by using thematic analysis approach.Results: The results showed that the facilities and supporting infrastructure of partnership were inadequate, funds provided were not enough to finance the implementation of the partnership, there were no regular meetings between the midwives and the traditional healers, coordination was done merely incidental. The division of roles in the treatment of childbirth was clear, but many obstacles were found, namely transportation barriers, economic problems and there were traditional healers who did not want to partner.Conclusion: The overview of partnership between the traditional healers and midwives in childbirth assistance has not gone well and there were still many obstacles found both internally and externally. To optimize this program, sufficient funds should be allocated, transportation should be improved and counseling should be provided to the community to raise awareness of the importance of childbirth assistance by the health personnel.

Diversity and distribution of Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) in Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4358 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRIDIANA LIZARDO ◽  
FEDERICO ESCOBAR ◽  
OCTAVIO ROJAS-SOTO
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Biological Databases ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sierra Madre

In this study, we systematized available distribution data, obtained from biological databases and relevant literature, for Mexican species belonging to the tribe Phanaeini. The main objectives were to provide an overall description of the distribution records in biological collections, to detect potential sampling biases, to describe the seasonality of collections and to obtain species distribution models using the Desktop GARP algorithm. A total of 5,562 records, corresponding to 32 species in Mexico, were compiled, including the recently described Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma & Halffter, 2017. This compilation includes 784 unique collection records at 325 localities. These records were mainly distributed along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, the Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre Occidental mountain ranges and throughout the states of Chiapas and Veracruz. The Mexican High Plateau, the state of Tlaxcala and the Yucatan Peninsula are lacking in records. Distribution maps were created for species of three genera (Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819, Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924, and Sulcophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924) and for 29 species present in Mexico. These species distributions are largely delimited by geomorphological features and vegetation types and coincide with expert descriptions of this tribe; some species show expanded distribution ranges. These maps provide a starting point for further analyses, the planning of future field studies, and the verification of possible new species in the Mexican territory. 

scholarly journals Analysis of WhatsApp Groups Usage in Primary Schools during the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1715-1722
Author(s):  
Rahmaini Rahmaini
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Depth Interviews

In the Covid-19 pandemic, distance learning is used as a method of teaching rather than learning methodologies. This research aims to investigate the implementation of distance learning through WhatsApp Group (WAG) at Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Bambel Kutacane, Southeast Aceh. This research uses a qualitative approach and gathered data by conducting in-depth interviews and documentation studies (field studies). The result of the research showed that distance learning carried out by madrasah using WAG is practised in three aspects, namely (1) learning, (2) assignment and (3) assessment. Even so, socialisation and debriefing are still needed for teachers to operate online learning effectively and efficiently, both through training organised by external and internal madrasas as well as the willingness of teachers to learn self-taught.

scholarly journals Journal Club is a way forward to adopt Evidence Based Practice among dental House Officers

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Fatima Fatima Mehboob Ali BANA
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Job Training ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Journal Club ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
P Value ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Total N

Objectives: To identify the improvement in knowledge, presentation skills, critical skills and self-directed learning process during Journal Club platform amidst dental house officers of 2018, 2019 and 2020 after completing one year house job training at Bahria dental College Karachi. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from Dec- 2018 till Dec-2020. The six items were asked about perception of change for evidence-based process of (knowledge, cognitive, affective and participant domains) after completion of house job training by each cohort. The responses were noted on three point likert scale as agree, neutral and disagree. Total 150 questionnaires were distributed in three cohorts. The SPSS version 23 was used. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Total n=145 house officers had completed the proforma with response rate of 96.65%. The mean age was 24.45 ± SD 0.63 among three groups. There were n=20(14%) males and n=125(86%) females. There was improvement found for knowledge acquisition about relevant literature search among all three groups. Regarding knowledge acquisition of bio-statistics; majority of subjects n=26 (52%) in 2020 group had reported no change and in 2019 cohort n=23(48%) were agreed. Majority n=21(44%) of house officers had reported no change when asked as JC helped in critical thinking in year 2019. Conclusion: Knowledge acquisition about relevant literature search, presentation and confidence skills were improved but no significant changes were found in knowledge of biostatistics and critical thinking skills. JC is a convincing platform to learn evidence-based process amid dental house officers. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4562 How to cite this:Bana KFMA. Journal Club is a way forward to adopt Evidence Based Practice among dental House Officers. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4562 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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