scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INFLAMMATION AND COAGULATION CASCADE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

ASJ. ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (41) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
L. Hazarapetyan ◽  
S. Grigoryan ◽  
A. Sarksyan
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with prothrombotic or hypercoagulable states, various inflammation markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hsC-reactive protein (hsCRP) have also been associated with AF. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between inflammation markers and the prothrombotic state in the setting of AF and the impact on outcome in patients with AF. Methods: We observed 141 patients with non-valvular AF. As a control group patients similar in gender and age without AF were examined. Clinical, instrumental and laboratory tests were performed on the observed patients. The markers of the coagulation cascade (TF and F) and of inflammatory markers (hsCRP and IL-6) were studied additionally by ELISA on the analyzer "Stat Fax 303 Plus". Studies were conducted using SPSS 13.0 and EXCEL-2013. Results: The obtained results showed that compared to the control group, AF patients had significantly higher levels of IL-6 (p = 0.043), hsCRP (p = 0.002), TF (p = 0.026), and F (p = 0.025). Moreover, levels of hsCRP were higher among AF patients at "high" risk of stroke by CHA2DS2-VASc Score (p = 0.003). Besides, the levels of hsCRP and IL-6 were markedly elevated in patients with dilated left atrium (p = 0.001), poorly functioning left atrial appendage (p = 0.023) and longer duration of AF (p = 0.002). Conclusion: We have demonstrated that the increased plasma levels of IL-6 and hsCRP are related to indices of the coagulation cascade and contribute to structural atrial remodeling in patients with AF.

scholarly journals Gene regulation contributes to explain the impact of early life socioeconomic disadvantage on adult inflammatory levels in two European cohort studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Carmeli ◽  
Zoltán Kutalik ◽  
Pashupati P. Mishra ◽  
Eleonora Porcu ◽  
Cyrille Delpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTIndividuals growing up during childhood in a socioeconomically disadvantaged family experience a higher rate of inflammation-related diseases later in life. Little is known about the mechanisms linking early life experiences to the functioning of the immune system decades later. Here we explore the relationship across social-to-biological layers of early life social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation (C-reactive protein) and the mediating role of gene regulatory mechanisms, epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling from blood, in 2,329 individuals from two European cohort studies. Consistently across both studies, we find transcriptional activity explains a substantive proportion (up to 78%) of the estimated effect of early life disadvantaged social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation. Furthermore, we show that mechanisms other than DNA methylation potentially regulate those transcriptional fingerprints. These results further our understanding of social-to-biological transitions by pinpointing the role of pro-inflammatory genes regulation that cannot fully be explained by differential DNA methylation.

scholarly journals PROGNOSTIC INDICES AND MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CAD

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
G. L. IGNATOVA ◽  
V. N. ANTONOV
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the problem of COPD combined with CAD, determination of inflammatory markers and the prognostic BODE, DOSE and ADO indices. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of PCV13 immunization on clinical and functional manifestations of systemic inflammation in patients with COPD and CAD, as well as the relationship with the prognostic markers. Material and methods: The study included 36 male patients with COPD and 36 patients with COPD and CAD, FC II-III stable angina who were treated at Regional Clinical Hospital _4 in Chelyabinsk during the period 2015--2016. Conclusions: 1. Patients with COPD combined with CAD had statistically significant clinical and functional disorders manifested by an increase in the degree of dyspnea and reduction in FEV1. 2. In patients with COPD concomitant with CAD, against the background of the comorbidities, the levels of systemic inflammation markers — C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and procalcitonin — were more overt than in patients only with COPD. 3. Monitoring changes in procalcitonin levels could be used as an additional highly informative method for estimating the probability of the presence of bacterial inflammation and effectiveness of therapy. 4. The prognostic BODE, DOSE and ADO indices tend to decrease unidirectionally under the impact of vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. 5. PCV13 can reduce the level of systemic inflammation within 1 year after its application.

Relationship between mandibular deviation and ocular convergence

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Monaco ◽  
O. Streni ◽  
M. Marci ◽  
L. Sabetti ◽  
G. Marzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Mandibular Position ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ocular Convergence

Recent studies have confirmed the relationship between head posture, mandibular position and visual focusing. A case-controlled study was conducted to assess the occurrence of ocular convergence defects between subjects with functional mandibular latero-deviation and healthy subjects in pediatric age. Sixty subjects (the study group) presented mandibular latero-deviation classified as functional according to the use of a clinical examination and frontal and basal tele-radiography. Sixty subjects without functional mandibular laterodeviation (control group) were selected randomly from all subjects seeking pediatric dental care and matched by gender and age to study group. All one hundred and twenty subjects were submitted to orthoptic tests performed by the same operator. These results seemed to confirm that in mandibular latero-deviation subjects ocular convergence defects occurred in greater frequency than in controls underlining the importance of role of pediatric dentistry among interdisciplinary cooperation.

scholarly journals The Interaction of C - Reactive Protein, Bisphenol A, & Cardiovascular Disease: A Demographical Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Naji
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>The main objective of the study was to investigate the role of C-reactive protein on the relationship between Bisphenol A &amp; Cardiovascular Disease, where the C-reactive protein has been taken as a moderating variable.</p><p><strong>METHODS: </strong>Quantitative research design has been incorporated for evaluating the role of C-reactive protein. Similarly, non-parametric Spearman correlation test has been conducted to assess the relationship between BPA and CVD. The data was taken out from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which was collected in the year 2009-2010.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The impact of urinary Bisphenol A on serum C-reactive protein was found statistically significant according to the Spearman correlation coefficient, <em>r</em>s<em>= </em>.06, <em>p </em>= .015. The scatter plots found that there is no relationship between the two variables; this observation held true after filtering the outliers from the plot.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> The results might have positive change by contributing to the body of knowledge on bisphenol A and by rising scientific examination of substances used by the people in the daily life. Further research to identify other possible causes of CVD and elevation of CRP is recommended.</p>

scholarly journals Reinforcing Risk Perception to Induce Exercise Intention: Role of Systematic Interaction from Social Marketing Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Farooq Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz Qaisar ◽  
Syed Ali Raza Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Exercise Intention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the relationship between systematic interaction, fear appeals, and exercise intention using group-centered and participatory approaches. The longitudinal experimental design was used to understand the phenomenon of fear appeals (risk perception) for adopting sustained physical activities. The sample comprised two treatment conditions i.e. experimental group and control group to measure the impact of interventions for verification of the proposed conceptual model. The findings indicate that risk perception mediated the relationship between systematic interaction and exercise intention. Moreover, systematic interaction has a positive effect on risk perception and exercise intention. The findings conceptually advance the fear appeal theory with a new lens using a participatory paradigm to augment sustained behavior change. We advocate that use of systematic interaction adds value in expanding the scope of a theoretical base for marketing.

scholarly journals Role of gut microbiota in post-operative atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial of berberine

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huishan Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
yang wang ◽  
hui Jiang ◽  
Dengshun Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Post Operative Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is one of the most common complications. However, the underlying factors governing POAF are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and POAF. Then, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in China to measure gut microbiota altering and impact on the incidence of POAF by oral berberine. Compared with no-POAF patients, gut microbiota composition was significantly altered, including Veillonella increasing. The POAF incidence was reduced from 35–20% under the treatment of berberine. Oral berberine significantly decreased Veillonella abundances, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin- 6 (IL-6) level. Elevated LPS after surgery is associated with POAF. Our results showed that POAF patients show significantly gut microbiota shift. Altering gut microbiota like oral berberine reduced the POAF.

scholarly journals Galectin-3 in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Stanojevic ◽  
Svetlana Apostolovic ◽  
Dragana Stokanovic ◽  
Stefan Momčilović ◽  
Tatjana Jevtovic-Stoimenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Predictive Role

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and galectin-3 is possibly involved in its occurrence. Galectin-3 has been shown to play a central role in fibrosis and tissue remodeling and has a role in inflammatory and proliferative responses. The aim of our study was to measure galectin-3 levels in patients with myocardial infarction and to compare its levels in patients with or without AF, in order to investigate the potential predictive role of galectin-3 in this setting. Subjects and Methods: The study included 51 consecutive AMI patients with AF; 27 AMI patients (52.9%) had permanent/persistent AF, and 24 patients (47.1%) had paroxysmal AF. Thirty-eight consecutive AMI patients without AF were used as a control group. Blood samples were obtained from venous blood on the third day after reperfusion. Results: Patients with AF had higher levels of C-reactive protein (p < 0.01) and galectin-3 (p < 0.05) than those without AF. Patients with high galectin-3 had 4.4 times greater odds of having AF. Galectin-3 levels were lower in patients without AF (p < 0.01) than in those with permanent/persistent AF. Conclusion: AMI patients with AF had higher levels of galectin-3 than those without this arrhythmia. This biomarker of inflammation and fibrosis could be a potential target for treating AMI patients at high risk.

scholarly journals Association Between Permanent Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation with Microalbuminuria and C-Reactive Protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2106
Author(s):  
Rahimeh Eskandarian ◽  
Maryam Niknahad ◽  
Raheb Ghorbani ◽  
Mahboubeh Darban
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Urine Creatinine ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: An understanding of atrial fibrillation (AF) mechanisms, as the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is essential for primary and secondary prevention. Some studies indicated an association between microalbuminuria and C-reactive protein (CRP) protein, with the incidence and prevalence of AF. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between permanent non-valvular AF with microalbuminuria and reactive protein C. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 40 permanent non-valvular AF patients and 40 non-AF patients (control group) were studied. Demographic data and measurements of albumin, urine creatinine, CRP, and microalbuminuria were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: In patients with permanent non-valvular atrial fibrillation, CRP level (P<0.001) and microalbuminuria (P=0.012) were significantly higher than the control group. Also, in patients with permanent non-valvular AF, the CRP positive (P = 0.014) and microalbuminuria (P = 0.003) were significantly higher than controls. The results showed that elevated chance of permanent non-valvular AF with abnormal CRP was 4.25 (odds ratio [OR]= 4.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.28; P= 0.026), and with microalbuminuria was 6.54 (OR= 6.54, 95% CI: 1.65-25.89; P=0.007). Conclusion: An elevated CRP level and microalbuminuria were significantly associated with permanent non-valvular atrial fibrillation. A longitudinal study is necessary.[GMJ.2021;10:e2106] DOI:10.31661/gmj.v10i0.2106 

Abstract 740: Statin Prevents Structural and Electrical Atrial Remodeling in Rat Hypertensive Heart Failure Induced by Chronic Inhibition of NO Synthesis

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Okazaki ◽  
Tetsuo Minamino ◽  
Masakatsu Wakeno ◽  
Osamu Tsukamoto ◽  
Jiyoong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Background: The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases in patients with hypertension and heart failure in which endothelial function is impaired. Oxidative stress in atrial tissues is involved in the development of AF. Statins have pleiotropic effects including antioxidant effects. Thus, we developed hypertensive heart failure in rats by the chronic inhibition of NO synthesis and we investigated the role of the statin in atrial remodeling. Methods and Results: Ten-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control (no treatment), the L-NAME (received L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthase, 1 g/L in drinking water), the L-NAME+atorvastatin (L(a low dose)) (5 mg/kg/day) and the L-NAME+atorvastatin (H(a high dose)) (20 mg/kg/day). Chronic inhibition of NO synthesis increased systolic blood pressure (control group: 138±5 mmHg; L-NAME group: 212±8 mmHg L+atorvastatin (L) group: 210±6 seconds , L+atorvastatin (H): 208±6 seconds) and decreased LV dP/dt max/LVSP (control group: 54±3, L-NAME group: 36±8, L+atorvastatin (L) group: 40±3, L+atorvastatin (H) group: 38±6 1/second), whereas co-administration of atorvastatin did not affect them. The sustained duration of AF was always induced by transesophageal burst pacing (The pacing pulse used for induction of AF was rectanglar in shape, of 60V and 6ms-width. The atrium was paced at a cycle length of 12ms (83Hz) for 30seconds) and it was prolonged by L-NAME, which was prevented by atorvastatin in a dose-dependent manner (control: 8.8 ± 1.0 seconds, L-NAME: 20.7 ± 3.0 seconds, L+atorvastatin (L): 12.8 ± 3.2 seconds , L+atorvastatin (H): 8.8 ± 2.6 seconds). The chronic inhibition of NO synthesis increased the extent of fibrosis and markers of oxidative stresses such as proteins modified with 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal and p47phox and rac1 in left atrial tissue, either of which was prevented by atorvastatin. Conclusion: Atorvastatin attenuates oxidative stresses in atrium and prevents atrial electrical and morphological remodeling in rat hypertensive failing hearts without hemodynamic changes. Statin may be beneficial in patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation, and may contribute to the prevention of the onset of heart failure.

scholarly journals The Morphology of Cross-Beaks and BMP4 Gene Expression in Huiyang Bearded Chickens

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Yuyu Hong ◽  
Yuchang Pang ◽  
Haiquan Zhao ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
Shuwen Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Parietal Bones ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Bird beaks are important for biological purposes such as food intake, removing parasites, and defining phenotypic attributes. Cross-beaks are a threat to poultry health and are harmful to productivity, wasting some units in the poultry industry. However, there is still limited research on subtypes of cross-beaks and the genetic basis of cross-beaks as well. Here, we described the subtypes of cross-beaks in terms of left or right and upper or lower jaw bones. We evaluated the impact of cross-beaks on craniofacial bones and figured out the relationship between bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and the development of craniofacial bones in Huiyang bearded chickens. We identified five typical subtypes of cross-beaks by morphological assessment and X-ray scanning. We found that cross-beaks caused certain changes in the facial bone morphology, including changes to the length and width of the bone around the ocular area (p < 0.05). The relative expressions of BMP4 in lacrimal, mandible, premaxilla, frontal, and parietal bones were significantly higher in the severe cross-beak group, followed by that of the medium cross-beak group, weak cross-beak group, and control group (p < 0.05). Overall, we constructed a generally applicable method to classify cross-beaks in term of the angle. The skeleton around the ocular area was affected by the cross-beak. The expression levels of BMP4 in craniofacial bones may provide insight to potential role of BMP4 in the development of cross-beaks.

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