scholarly journals Use of a pearl mill for the production of plant protection products

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szwedziak ◽  
Żaneta Grzywacz ◽  
Sławomir Tomaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Good Practices

Production of plant protection products is one of the most innovative branches of the chemical industry for agriculture requiring considerable financial outlays, which is associated with the needs of farmers. This is because the intention of farmers is to obtain higher yields and search for substances with properties independent of weather conditions and active for a longer time.  In the paper, an innovative technology for the production of suspensions, using a pearl mill, which are applied as a carrier of the active ingredient in plant protection products, has been presented. The pearl mill proposed in the research work, in which its parameters are presented, is used to prepare suspensions that are applied for the production of fungicides. In the production of plant protection products it is important that the parameters of the substrates comply with the guidelines regulated by law. The tests were conducted in accordance with good practices according to the CIPAK method, using liquid chromatography.

Myrtillocactus geometrizans fruit plant stimulated with Effective microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 025-032
Author(s):  
Domenico Prisa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Growing Medium

The aim of this work is to develop an innovative technology for the cultivation of Myrtillocactus geometrizans, introducing the use of Effective microorganisms and at the same time, limiting the use of mineral fertilizers, plant protection products and improving the physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of garambullos for consumption and processing. The trial showed a significant improvement in the agronomic parameters analysed on Myrtillocactus geometrizans plants treated with Effective microorganisms. In particular, there was an increase in plant height and circumference, vegetative and root weight, number of flowers and fruits, number and length of thornes in plants treated with microorganisms. In addition, the use of EM microorganisms showed a significant increase in total betalains, ascorbic acid, phenols and total flavonoids in garambullos. It was important to underline how the use of Effective microorganisms guaranteed, despite the reduction of irrigation and fertilisation by 50% in the growing medium, the same results in terms of agronomic parameters and fruit production and quality as the control with irrigation and fertilisation under optimal conditions. The application of Effective microorganisms in agricultural processing can therefore guarantee higher production standards, with a possible reduction in costs fertilizer and water. Particularly for those farms that want to focus on the production of ornamental and fruit cacti. Fruits obtained from growing plants treated with Effective microorganisms have a high antioxidant and nutraceutical potential, which is very important especially in this age where food is also a medicine.

scholarly journals THE TECHNOLOGY OF CO-CULTURING OF POTATOES WITH HONEY PLANTS AND PROSPECTS OF ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Voiku
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The European Union

The right way out of the crisis of the agro-based industries is the maximum use of the opportunities of scientific and technological progress and the orientation of the real economy to innovative development. One of the promising technologies of crop production is an innovative technology in potato growing, which provides for the co-culturing of potatoes with honey crops. Phacelia tanacetifolia (PhaceliatanacetifoliaBenth) is selected as honey crop, which is a valuable green manure. It allows to reduce the need for organic and mineral fertilizers, increases the ecological cleanness of products, favors the growth of potato yield, provides the additional honey yield. Phacelia significantly improves the soil structure, displacing a significant part of weeds, providing natural loosening of the soil, protection from drying out, from pests and parasites. The co-culturing of potatoes with phacelia protects the environment from the use of dangerous plant protection products. If the economic effect is defined as the difference between the profits of innovative and traditional technologies, then, according to preliminary calculations, the level of profitability of innovative technology in potato growing is 1.9 times higher, and the profit from 1 ha is 1.6 times higher compared with the traditional technology. Large-scale development of the proposed technology is hampered by the lack of potato planters and seed planters, which provide planting of potatoes and sowing seeds of honey crops simultaneously, in the Russian market and the markets of the European Union. An innovative technology - mounted seeder for potato planters was developed by the staff members of the Pskov State University. The article describes the main agro-technological requirements to this device. A general model and a kinematic scheme were developed to visualize the combination of the working elements of the potato planter and the mounted seeder. The developed model falls into the type of seed planters, which is designed to sowing in drills the seeds of honey crops (phacelia) in the furrow between potatoes at the time of the forthcoming closing of this furrow by soil, and can be used in agricultural engineering. Potential consumers of the proposed innovative technology in potato growing and the developed mounted seeder are farm enterprises and agricultural production cooperatives, which have small plots of land, use crop rotation systems in potato growing, and work for reducing costs and increasing the yield of potato cultivation.

scholarly journals Development and Field Evaluation of a Spray Drift Risk Assessment Tool for Vineyard Spraying Application

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bourodimos ◽  
Koutsiaras ◽  
Psiroukis ◽  
Balafoutis ◽  
Fountas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Spray Drift ◽  
Evaluation Tool

Spray drift is one of the most important causes of pollution from plant protection products and it puts the health of the environment, animals, and humans at risk. There is; thus, an urgent need to develop measures for its reduction. Among the factors that affect spray drift are the weather conditions during application of spraying. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a spray drift evaluation tool based on an existing model by TOPPS-Prowadis to improve the process of plant protection products’ application and to mitigate spray drift for specific meteorological conditions in Greece that are determined, based on weather forecast, by reassessing the limits for wind speed and direction, temperature, and air relative humidity set in the tool. The new limits were tested by conducting experimental work in the vineyard of the Agricultural University of Athens with a trailed air-assisted sprayer for bush and tree crops, using the ISO 22866:2005 methodology. The results showed that the limits set are consistent with the values of the spray drift measured and follows the tool’s estimates of low, medium, and high risk of spray drift.

scholarly journals Genotoxic Assessment of the Metabolite M-11 of Mepanipyrim, the Active Ingredient in the Plant Protection Product FRUPICA SC

2019 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
Hubert Dirven ◽  
Jan Ludvig Lyche ◽  
Marit Låg ◽  
Asbjørn Magne Nilsen ◽  
Katrine Borgå ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase

The VKM Panel for plant protection products considered Frupica SC in a meeting on 25.11.2010, and found the active ingredient problematic with regard to carcinogenic effects and possible genotoxicity. M11 is a metabolite of mepanipyrim which is the active ingredient the plant protection product Frupica SC. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has asked the applicant for further assessment of the genotoxic potential of the metabolite M11. The applicant has submitted a rat liver in vivo Comet assay of the metabolite, and the panel has been requested to consider if the genotoxic properties of mepanipyrim and the metabolite M11 is adequately documented.  The metabolite M11 caused positive findings in in vitro studies for bacterial mutation and chromosomal aberrations. Three in vivo studies (Micronucleus, unscheduled DNA synthesis and Comet assay) did not show evidence of genotoxicity. Based on the documentation available, VKMs Panel on Plant Protection Products concludes that mepanipyrim and the metabolite M11 should not be considered genotoxic in vivo. The lack of demonstrated in vivo genotoxicity makes it likely that mepanipyrim induces liver tumors in rats and mice by a mechanism that involves a threshold below which tumors are not expected to develop. This conclusion is strengthened by the finding of a promoter-like behavior of mepanipyrim for induction of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase positive foci in rat liver.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES CONTENT DYNAMICS IN PLANTS AFTER APPLICATION ON SOYA CROPS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
S.T. Omelchuk ◽  
A.V. Blagaya ◽  
M.V. Kondratyuk ◽  
T.V. Hyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Limit Of Determination ◽  
Active Substances

Relevance. Taking into account the widespread application of plant protection products in soybean cultivation, there is a need for research aimed at hygienic evaluation of the potential danger of soybean crop contamination after pesticide and in particular insecticides application. Objective of the study is a hygienic evaluation of insecticides content dynamics in plants after application on soya crops. Materials and methods. Materials – active ingredients of the studied insecticidal preparations, soya plants (verdurous mass, beans and seeds). Full-scale in-field hygienic experiment, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, statistical methods were used in the study. Results. The highest concentration of active substances was determined in green plants, if processing had been performed at an early stage of plant formation (acetamipride – 0.63 mg/kg, fenproximate – 0.41 mg/kg, thiamethoxam – 0.21 mg/kg). In the case of twice repeated applications, the largest amount of pesticides was determined in beans and seeds (alpha-cypermethrin – 0.51 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos, tebufenpyrad – 0.35 mg/kg). As the culture ripened and the formation of beans and seeds took place, the content of active substances gradually decreased and after 20-25 days residues were found at or below the limit of determination for the corresponding methods. Conclusions. The redidues of alpha-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos cypermethrin, tebufenpyrad, phenpyroximate, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam in plants, beans and soybean seeds gradually decreased and did not exceed established hygienic standards by the harvesting period in field studies. It is proved that if to follow the established hygienic and agrotechnical regulations for its application, the studied insecticides dissipate or decompose in crop plants during one vegetative season and do not pose a potential risk to the health of consumers.

scholarly journals WHEAT RUST IDENTIFICATION USING PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
G.V. Volkova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Arinicheva ◽  
I.V. Arinichev ◽  
I.P. Matveeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Wheat Rust

Wheat is the most economically important and valuable food crop cultivated in most regions of the world, and various diseases have a significant impact on yield parameters. Particular attention in wheat protection technologies from phytopathogens is given to rust, since yield losses, depending on the weather conditions of the season and the resistance of the sown varieties, can range from 30 to 100%. The article provides brief information on wheat rust diseases (yellow, brown, stem rust), as well as on current methods of their identification. Accurate and timely identification of rust pathogens is a key step in making decisions on application of plant protection products in the battle against diseases, which prevents their further development, spread and the occurrence of epiphytoties. The article describes the main method for identification and further record of yellow, brown, stem rust - this is a classic phytopathological study based on usage of human resources. The advantage of this method is its accuracy and versatility. Among the drawbacks, one should single out the labor intensity and the need for a staff of qualified phytopathologists. In view of intensive development of computer technologies and agriculture digitalization, the possibility of using machine vision based on programming of neural networks and their training in identifying the main causative agents of diseases is acquiring scientific and practical interest. A promising methodological approach to identification of phytopathogens when providing phytosanitary monitoring and algorithms used for training of neural networks and applied in machine vision technologies are presented.

scholarly journals The substantiation of the technical solution for improving the application of chemical plant protection products using pneumohydraulic sprayers

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Panasyuk, V.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Methods Analytical

Purpose. Improving the effectiveness of plant protection products when growing crops due to the pneumohydraulic device that ensures their uniform application to the sheet surface. Methods. Analytical and Experimental. Results. Laboratory studies of the process of spraying plants with nozzles with a pneumohydraulic system determined the quality indicators of the process with pressure in injection communication 0.4 MPa – droplet coating density of 19–46 pcs/cm2 for the weighted average droplet diameters in the different experimental variants was within 304–543 microns. These indicators were compared with those for the standard, anti-drift and injection nozzles in which the droplet coating density was 23–59 pcs/cm2 and the weighted average droplet diameters were in the range of 350–485 microns. The obtained analytical dependence of the influence of lateral air flow and air pressure in the pneumohydraulic system on the amount of deposited sprayed liquid. The annual economic effect from the introduction of this technical device with pneumohydraulic spraying system is 10434 UAH. Conclusions 1. The tendencies development technical means of chemical protection plants are determined: the use of sprayers with monodispersed cutting by drops adapted to weather conditions, which allow the operator to work in a wider range of speeds like wind (up to 9 m/s) and the speed of the unit (up to 30 km/h). To improve the quality of spraying, devices with air supply to the nozzles are used to control the dispersion of the spray depending on weather conditions. 2. It was established that with increasing pressure of air from 0.12 MPa there is a decrease in the diameter of the droplets. And at a pressure more than 0.25 MPa, the cutting is equivalent to a standard small-gap slot sprayer. During researches, it was discovered that the air pressure could be influenced by the dispersion of droplet cutting. Keywords: pneumatic hydraulic spray, model sketches, laboratory tests, performance indicators, analytical fluidity, fluid pressure, air pressure.

scholarly journals Comprehensive environmental assessment of innovative humic agro product

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Natalia Kosolapova ◽  
Yekaterina Alferova ◽  
Olga Miroshnichenko ◽  
Elena Protsenko ◽  
Natalia Balabina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Universal System

There has been made the assessment of the product «CAVITA BIOCOMPLEX» quality parameters, manufactured according to the innovative technology of ultrasonic cavitation processing of peat in water medium at high static pressure. To carry out this assessment it has been used the universal system of procedure of comprehensive assessment of humic products. This system is based on the level approach. It was found that the sample of agro product in the capacity of the main bioactive components contains fulvic and humic acids (47.2-64.0% calculated at dry weight basis). It is chemically and biologically safe for the environment. The usage of high-quality natural raw materials in combination with the “green” technology of “CAVITA BIOCOMPLEX” production makes it possible to use it not only as additional application with any mineral or organic fertilizers, plant protection products, herbicides, but also as basic fertilizer for biological agricultural technologies.

scholarly journals STATUS AND ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE PESTICIDES INFLUENCE ON PRODUCTIVE PROCESSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY

2019 ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
F. S. Melnychuk ◽  
О. A. Marchenko ◽  
A. P. Shatkovskyi ◽  
L. M. Melnychuk ◽  
М. S. Retman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Harmful Organisms

Relevance of research. Ukraine's agriculture is one of the world leaders in production and export. The assortment of chemical plant protection products by status on 2019 which used in agriculture has more than two thousand preparations based on hundreds of active substances. In today's difficult climatic conditions, crop growing requires the use of a scientific approach, innovative technology and the introduction of new technologies. One of these is pestigation (irrigation pesticide application), which allows a uniform distribution and precise placement of chemicals independently of weather or field conditions. The selection of a modern assortment of chemicals that can be effectively used in pest control against certain harmful organisms is one of the actual directions of irrigation and requires research in different soil and climatic zones of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to investigate the peculiarities of the pesticides application in integrated protection systems and the environmental safety of their use on the example of non-target objects. Materials and methods of research.  Methods of scientific analysis and synthesis, generalization of the results of field and laboratory analyzes were used in the study, which included: - phyto-expertise of seed and plant material; - rapid analyzes during the growing season of crops; - agrochemical analysis of soils; - detailed soil analysis; - study of environmental hazards of chemicals for aquatic, soil and terrestrial ecosystems: - detailed analysis of water. The application of plant protection products makes it possible to improve the ecological condition of agrocenosis, the conditions of the working area, while increasing crop productivity. Application methods of plant protection reagents with irrigation water and combined protection schemes for row crops, which are used in integrated crop protection systems, are presented. It has been established that one of the significant disadvantage of application plant protection reagents with irrigation water is the limitation of the pesticide treatment time. The developed combined scheme for the row crops protection provides for the prophylactic treatment of pesticide in a short time by the traditional way, depending on the phytosanitary condition of the crops, which provides a significant increase of yield compared to other methods of application. It has also been proven that effectiveness  of plant protection reagents is not the same against certain targets upon application different methods of pesticides treatment . Therefore, it is noted that for developing technological schemes for protecting crops against harmful organisms, it is necessary to thoroughly study the phytosanitary situation in the area where crops are located and to determine the targets for which pesticides are applied. The directions of research on the influence of pesticides on ecosystems are given, namely, the environmental safety of pesticides for the soil ecosystem (toxic effects on groundworms and microorganisms), the aquatic ecosystem (toxic effects on fish, daphnia, and algae) and the terrestrial ecosystem (toxic effects on birds and bees). It is noted that one of the methods to prevent the harmful effects of toxic substances on non-target objects of ecosystems is hygienic regulation of their use. Ecological and toxicological assessment of pesticides was carried out by determining their toxicity after a single injection in a sharp experiment, which allows determining the species susceptibility of a living organism to a chemical reagent. Probit’ analysis method was used to calculate the toxicity in the analysis of the various drugs effects which is the most exact at the present time. The influence of agrochemicals on the structural and functional changes in the microbial cenosis of the soil was determined by a quantitative analysis of agronomical valuable ecological and trophic and taxonomic groups of microorganisms, by assessing the rate of respiration of the soil by the amount of carbon dioxide released. The tendencies of search and fundamental research in the water management field and land reclamation were analyzed in order to improve modern approaches to plant growing.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth Parameters on Carpobrotus edulis, Kalanchoe daigremontiana and Kalanchoe tubiflora in Relation to Different Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer (SLF) as a Biostimulant

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Damiano Spagnuolo ◽  
Domenico Prisa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Venice Lagoon ◽  
Carpobrotus Edulis ◽  
Kalanchoe Tubiflora ◽  
Kalanchoë Daigremontiana ◽  
Kalanchoe Daigremontiana

The aim of this research was to evaluate the biofertilization capacity of five different species of algae, representative of the three main groups of macroalgae selected from Lake Ganzirri in Messina, Venice Lagoon and Norwegian coasts. The experiments, started in January 2021, were conducted in the greenhouses of CREA-OF in Pescia (Pt), Tuscany, Italy (43°54′N 10°41′E) on Carpobrotus edulis, Kalanchoe daigremontiana and Kalanchoe tubiflora from seed. The test showed a significant increase in the agronomic parameters analysed in plants treated with algae extracts on succulents cultivated. The test also showed increased control of the pathogen Pythium debaryanum in seedlings where the algae extracts were introduced and also an increase in the percentage of seed germination and a reduction in the average germination time. This research work has shown that algal species have great potential for use in the development of biofertilisers in sustainable agriculture in terms of cost-effectiveness, ecological role, possible reduction of synthetic fertilisers and plant protection products, increased soil fertility and microbiological diversity.

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