Wall Ceramic Materials Using Technogenic Iron-Containing Raw Materials

The experience of using slime wastes in the production of wall ceramic bricks is considered. The results of the investigation of clayey raw materials in the deposits of the Western Orenburg region and technogenic wastes of the fuel-energy and oil-producing complex are analyzed with an analysis of their effect on the properties of wall ceramics: density, strength, and water absorption. Based on the results of the research, optimal compositions were developed using ash and slag wastes in a composition with aluminosilicate clay raw material - loam. The influence of drill cuttings with an increased content of calcium oxide on the composition and physical and mechanical properties of wall ceramics, the effect of a composition of low-grade local clay raw materials and drill cuttings on the formation of the structure and properties of ceramic materials is shown. The analysis of the volumes of formation of ash-and-slag wastes and drill cuttings is given, which makes it possible to introduce technogenic wastes into secondary production and to expand the mineral and raw materials base for the production of ceramic bricks.

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WALL CERAMIC MATERIALS BASED ON TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS OF COAL SERIES

Herald of Dagestan State Technical University Technical Sciences ◽

10.21822/2073-6185-2019-46-1-152-159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 152-159

Author(s):

A. S. Gaishun ◽

E. S. Gaishun ◽

E. V. Kovaleristova ◽

K. S. Yavruyan

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Highly Efficient ◽

Firing Mode ◽

Solid Part ◽

Wall Ceramic ◽

Materials Used ◽

Technogenic Raw Materials

Objectives. The paper discusses the feasibility of using the technogenic raw materials of the coal series in the production of highly efficient wall ceramics. The interest in the man-made raw materials of the coal series (sludge, screenings and cake) as the raw materials used in the manufacture of ceramic products has now greatly increased. The reason for this was the reduction of the base of high-quality clay raw materials, the appreciation of its use in the production of wall ceramics, a large amount of accumulated reserves of various rocks of coal-based man-made raw materials.Method. The research used the following composition of the raw mix: 70% of technogenic raw materials of the coal series (screenings) and 30% of the clay raw materials. The determination of the physicomechanical properties of the samples was carried out according to GOST 530-2012. Coal dumps are fine- grained products, the solid part of which contains a significant amount of coal.Result. The technological parameters of obtaining wall ceramic products based on coal slimes are determined. Studied the main physico-technical characteristics of the materials obtained. Phase transformations occurring during the burning and patterns of the formation of the structure of the shard were studied. The feasibility of the production of highly efficient ceramic products with low thermal conductivity and density based on technogenic raw materials of the coal series using the technology of compression molding is shown.Conclusion. The results of theoretical studies are confirmed by practical data, which consist in the fact that in raw mixtures containing technogenic raw materials of coal series, a sharp increase in strength, taking into account the complete burning of carbon, occurs at temperatures of 1000-1060 ° C. The changes introduced during the production of products using this method will help achieve a significant energy saving of gas and optimization of the firing mode.

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Sintering Behavior, Thermal Expansion, and Environmental Impacts Accompanying Materials of the Al2O3/ZrO2 System Fabricated via Slip Casting

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14123365 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3365

Author(s):

Justyna Zygmuntowicz ◽

Magdalena Gizowska ◽

Justyna Tomaszewska ◽

Paulina Piotrkiewicz ◽

Radosław Żurowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Expansion ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Slip Casting ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Sintering Behavior ◽

Environmental Loads ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Technical Ceramics

This work focuses on research on obtaining and characterizing Al2O3/ZrO2 materials formed via slip casting method. The main emphasis in the research was placed on environmental aspects and those related to the practical use of ceramic materials. The goal was to analyze the environmental loads associated with the manufacturing of Al2O3/ZrO2 composites, as well as to determine the coefficient of thermal expansion of the obtained materials, classified as technical ceramics. This parameter is crucial in terms of their practical applications in high-temperature working conditions, e.g., as parts of industrial machines. The study reports on the four series of Al2O3/ZrO2 materials differing in the volume content of ZrO2. The sintering process was preceded by thermogravimetric measurements. The fabricated and sintered materials were characterized by dilatometric study, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and stereological analysis. Further, life cycle assessment was supplied. Based on dilatometric tests, it was observed that Al2O3/ZrO2 composites show a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that resulting from the content of individual phases. The results of the life cycle analysis showed that the environmental loads (carbon footprint) resulting from the acquisition and processing of raw materials necessary for the production of sinters from Al2O3 and ZrO2 are comparable to those associated with the production of plastic products such as polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride.

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PLZT:Nd3+ Ceramics for Photonic Applications

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.82.32 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

pp. 32-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Malgorzata Plonska ◽

Wojciech A. Pisarski ◽

Beata Wodecka-Dus ◽

Lukasz Cienki

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

High Purity ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Ceramic Powders ◽

Pressing Method ◽

All Ceramic ◽

Neodymium Concentration ◽

Sintering Conditions ◽

Dielectric And Optical Properties

In the present work the influence of neodymium concentration (0-1at-%) and sintering conditions on 8/65/35 PLZT:Nd3+ ceramics were studied. All ceramic powders were synthesized by MOM technique from high purity raw materials (>99,9%), and subsequently sintered by free sintering and hot uniaxial pressing method. To analyze the powders and ceramics more the XRD, EDS SEM, and ferroelectric measurements were performed. Optical spectra were examined for all prepared samples, and their optical properties were analyzed using reflectance, excitation and luminescence measurements. The study gives a detailed account of the relationships between doping and preparing conditions on the basic physical and dielectric and optical properties of obtained ceramic materials.

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Use of Industrial Waste for the Optimization of Ceramic Construction Materials

KnE Engineering ◽

10.18502/keg.v5i4.6793 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Galhano ◽

Pedro Lamas ◽

Diogo Seixas

Keyword(s):

Industrial Waste ◽

Mechanical Characteristics ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Bottom Ash ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Fine Fraction ◽

Mineral Resources ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

High Production Rate ◽

Marble Powder

The massive growth of the ceramic industry and the consequent demand for construction materials worldwide has motivated the search for alternative solutions aimed at reducing the use of mineral / natural resources as the main source of raw materials. One of the strategies frequently adopted by the scientific community is the reuse of industrial waste. It is beneficial not only to reduce the overexploitation of mineral resources but also to reduce the environmental, economic and social impacts resulting from their incorrect disposal/treatment and consequent deposition on land unsuitable or that purpose. Duetoconsiderationssuchasphysico-mechanical characteristics and the high production rate, two different types of industrial waste were selected for this work, ashes resulting from the burning of coal in thermoelectric power plant, commonly known as bottom ash (B), and the Marble Powder (MP). It was intended to test the technological feasibility of the manufacture of ceramic materials produced from clay mixtures containing these two residues. For this purpose, the fine fraction(<63μm)obtained from the sieving of the marbleresidue(MR)and slag(Bf)was used,aswellasacoarsergrainslagfractionrangingfrom63-125μm(Bg). The resulting test samples were subjected to a firing of 950 °C under an oxidizing atmosphere, following a primary drying process. Faced with the standard values, the new ceramic materials obtained from MP have seen their mechanical and porous characteristics decrease and increase, respectively. Atthesametime,althoughtheadditionofBinno way influenced the mechanical characteristics,a significant improvement the porous characteristic was observed. The incorporation of these residues produced a color very close to the original sample material. Keywords: industrial waste, ceramic, construction materials, bottom ash, Marble Powder

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Preparation of basalt-based glass ceramics

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0306505m ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 505-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Branko Matovic ◽

Snezana Boskovic ◽

Mihovil Logar

Keyword(s):

Optical Microscopy ◽

Phase Analysis ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Glassy Phase ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Glass Ceramics ◽

High Strength ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

X Ray ◽

Glass Ceramic Materials

Local and conventional raw materials?massive basalt from the Vrelo locality on Kopaonik mountain?have been used as starting materials to test their suitability for the production of glass-ceramics. Crystallization phenomena of glasses of the fused basalt rocks were studied by X-ray phase analysis optical microscopy and other techniques. Various heat treatments were used and their influences, on controlling the microstructures and properties of the products were studied with the aim of developing high strength glass-ceramic materials. Diopside CaMg(SiO3)2 and hypersthene ((Mg,Fe)SiO3) were identifies as the crystalline phases. The final products contained considerable amounts of a glassy phase. The crystalline size was in range of 8?480 ?m with plate or needle shape. Microhardness, crashing strength and wears resistence of the glass-ceramics ranged from 6.5?7.5, from 2000?6300 kg/cm2 and from 0.1?0.2 g/cm, respectively.

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Utilization of discarded foundry sand (DFS) and inorganic waste from cellulose and paper industry for the manufacture of glass-ceramic materials

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/0366-69132020663802899 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (380) ◽

pp. 413-420

Author(s):

L. M. S. e Silva ◽

R. S. Magalhães ◽

W. C. Macedo ◽

G. T. A. Santos ◽

A. E. S. Albas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glass Ceramic ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Glass Ceramics ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Foundry Sand ◽

X Ray ◽

Glass Ceramic Materials

Abstract Recycling has been pointed out as an alternative to the disposal of waste materials in industrial landfills. In the present study, the transformation of residues (discarded foundry sand - DFS, grits, and lime mud) in glass-ceramic materials is shown. The glasses were obtained by the melting/cooling method. The precursor materials, glasses, and glass-ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and differential scanning calorimetry/thermal gravimetric analysis (DSC/TGA). The glassy materials were milled, pelleted, and thermally treated at the crystallization temperatures given by DSC data to obtain the glass-ceramics (885, 961, and 1090 ºC). The main formed phases were cristobalite, α-wollastonite (parawollastonite), and β-wollastonite (pseudowollastonite). The glass-ceramics showed very low water absorption and apparent porosity (0.26 to 0.88 wt% and 0.66 to 1.77 vol%, respectively). The results confirmed that the studied residues can be used as raw materials for the manufacture of vitreous and glass-ceramic materials.

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Preparation and Characterization of Quartz Porous Ceramic Materials Using the Yangtze River Sand

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.804.52 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 804 ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

Yan Ping Feng ◽

Zhi Wen Qiu ◽

Xiao Bin Ma ◽

Lei Zhao ◽

Xin Chao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Yangtze River ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Low Grade ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Insulation Property ◽

River Sand ◽

Porous Ceramic Materials

In order to lay raw materials foundation for increasing the performance of insulating brick with the low grade quartz sand along the Yangtze River, the quartz porous ceramic materials was researched in this paper. The results show the porosity of the porous quartz ceramics decreased with an increase in the sintering temperature. The pore is like the bowl shape, and the pore is closed pore, which is help to improve the heat insulation property of quartz porous ceramics. The CaSiO4 is produced in the ceramics after sintering processing. The shape is better, and the microstructure is circular and symmetrical pore, which is help to improve the mechanical property of quartz porous ceramics.

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Ceramic Composition Material with Mullite Crystals Obtained from the Clayy Raw Material of Yakutia

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.992.253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 992 ◽

pp. 253-258

Author(s):

M.P. Lebedev ◽

V.N. Tagrov ◽

E.S. Lukin

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Composition Material ◽

Material Base ◽

Wide Range

The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.

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Preparation of Self-Releasing Glaze Ceramic Materials Utilizing Red Mud

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3366 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 383-390 ◽

pp. 3366-3373

Author(s):

Shuo Qin ◽

Bo Lin Wu ◽

Shiao Zhao ◽

Cong Chang Ma ◽

Zu Sheng Hu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Red Mud ◽

Barium Carbonate ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Normal Pressure ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

The Self ◽

Raw Material ◽

Radiation Level ◽

Red Sandstone

Red mud is the main solid residue generated during the production of alumina by means of the Bayer process. In order to expand the comprehensive utilization field of red mud and develop new ceramic products with low radioactivity utilizing red mud, the exploration of preparing self-releasing glaze ceramic materials using red mud as raw material was carried out. During the exploration, the self-releasing glaze ceramic materials with low radiation level were produced by normal pressure sintering process using the main ingredients of red mud, red sandstone, barium carbonate and ball clay. The properties of the self-releasing glaze ceramic samples were investigated by the measurements of mechanical properties, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and radiation measurement. The results show that the self-releasing glaze ceramic materials have good mechanical properties (the bulk density, 3.10 g/cm3; the compressive strength, 78.00 MPa). Adding barium carbonate to the raw materials and then calcine them to ceramics, which can extend the sintering temperature range and the radioactivity level of the self-releasing glaze ceramic materials can be reduced to that of the natural radioactive background of Guilin Area, Karst landform (the average 60 Total/Timer).

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