Montagnes Russes and Calicot

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-28
Author(s):  
Peggy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Roller Coaster ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
The Subject

Restoration-era discourse on the montagnes russes—early roller coasters—reveals how leisure activity could become a lightning rod for perspectives on public space, tensions among social groups, and expressions of patriotism. Eager to profit from the montagnes russes craze, boulevard theaters hosted a number of plays on the subject. Through the buffoonish character M. Calicot, one such comedy—entitled The Battle of the Mountains— caricatured young clothing-trade salesclerks who frequented roller-coaster parks. The play provoked the ire of some of these men, who “waged war” on the Variety Theater, where the play was performed. The conflict in turn sparked satires in print, visual, and other media. These cultural productions both reflected the short-lived mania for roller coasters and shaped attitudes in their own right, all while employing laughter to deal with postwar trauma.

Psychological nature of intelligence officer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Naumov ◽  
F. V. Povshednaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Value System ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Method Analysis

Introduction. Based on modern social trends, the demand becomes not only for professionally trained people, but also for the level of their general culture, value system and, ultimately, intelligence. At the same time, there is no place for intellectuals and educating intellectuals in program documents on educational activities, although this task is very logical for the pedagogical practice of a developed society. This work presents the experience of the author's analysis of the psychological nature of the intelligence of an officer. Consistently considering the essence and structure of such a complex phenomenon, the structure and the real functioning of the values that allow characterizing the subject as an intellectual are ascertained.Materials and methods. As the main research methodology, the authors use sociological (I.S. Kon), culturological adapted to solve the problems of this work (M.S. Kagan), historiographic (A.V. Popov), systemic (I.V. Blauberg, V.A. Lektersky, V.N. Sadovsky, S.L. Rubinstein, M.S. Kagan, N.V. Kuzmina) and functional approaches (P.K. Anokhin, M.S. Kagan, N. Wiener). The main research methods were: hypothetical-deductive method; analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and abstraction; systemic method and modeling.Results. The result of the study is that the authors identified and justified the structural psychological qualities of intelligence as the subjective characteristics of an officer and examined the basic mechanisms of formation of intellectual values.Discussion and Conclusions. The required criteria for being intelligent as a  subject characteristics of an officer is the level of education (self education)of an officer, his manners, the scope of his values , existential assessment –correlating every fact he faces with general life-span problems of objective reality, having respect for values of others and being ready for talk to employees and  superiors as well as the representatives of other social groups, other cultures, nationalities, confessions and professions which requires dialog in search of optimal forms and options of interaction. The cornerstone principle for intelligence of the officer are, therefore, his education and upbringing, ideological conviction in his own values and readiness for self-sacrifice for their sake.

Conquering the Public Space

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Llano
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Public ◽  
San Bernardino ◽  
The City

This chapter presents an account of the San Bernardino band as the public facade of that workhouse. The image of children who had been picked up from the streets, disciplined, and taught to play an instrument as they marched across the city in uniform helped broadcast the message that the municipal institutions of social aid were contributing to the regeneration of society. This image contrasted with the regime of discipline and punishment inside the workhouse and thus helped to legitimize the workhouse’s public image. The privatization of social aid from the 1850s meant that the San Bernardino band engaged with a growing range of institutions and social groups and carried out an equally broad range of social services. It was thus able to serve as the extension through which Madrid’s authorities could gain greater intimacy with certain population sectors, particularly with the working classes.

Związek publicznej obecności Kościoła w Polsce z preferencjami wyborczymi elektoratu w 2011 roku

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (301) ◽  
pp. 72-92
Author(s):  
Karolina Dłuska
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Public Television ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Military ◽  
Religious Nature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Catholic Church

The author of the article tries to indicate the relationship between the perceived presence of the Catholic Church in public life and the election preferences of Poles. The subject of the research here is the parliamentary elections in Poland in 2011 in the context of the perception by the electorate of the individual parties of the public presence of the Catholic Church in the selected aspects. Among them, the author points to: the issue of crosses and other religious symbols in public space, including the issue of a cross in the Sejm meeting room. She also recalls such matters as: religion lessons in schools, the religious nature of the military oath, priests appearing on public television, the Church taking a stand on laws passed by the Sejm and priests telling people how to vote in elections. The presented analysis is based on the results of the Polish General Election Study 2011.

scholarly journals FEATURES AND PROBLEMS OF THE POLITICAL AND VALUE CONTENT OF THE POLICY OF INTERETHNIC HARMONY

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Akpayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article reveals in more detail the features and problems of regulation of the processes of formation and development of interethnic harmony in the context of state policy of Kazakhstan. It is shown that the regulation of the formation of interethnic consent of Kazakhstan should be considered as a national and political process, during which the influence of both external and internal factors of personal development of each of them should be taken into account. The article also notes that in the process of modernization of the Kazakh society, the regulation of interethnic harmony between them acts as the most important means of implementing the ideas and principles of the national policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The practice of Kazakhstan shows that only the subject of regulation of interethnic harmony, which is well aware of the requirements of an integrated approach, is able to be guided by them in their educational activities, is able to effectively regulate the process of formation and development of interethnic harmony. At the same time, a comprehensive study of the characteristics of different social groups of people, nationalities and skillful account of the identified features in working with them is necessary.

scholarly journals Social space of preschool institutions as a factor of gender equality

Temida ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-129
Author(s):  
Vesna Miletic-Stepanovic
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Public Preschool ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Gender Power ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this paper is a sociological gender-sensitive analysis of the use-value of space in public preschool institutions (PPI), starting from the level of Serbian society, through Belgrade and Belgrade municipalities, down to the level of individual kindergartens. The objective of the research is to design the space of PPI facilities, which would provide the families and mothers with control over public space, and thus meet one of the preconditions for positive structural change - gender equality. The following parameters are used as indicators of the use-value of DPU space: the position of the preschool system in Serbia, coverage of children in the preschool system and preschool institutions by type of ownership, coverage of DPU children, insufficiency of DPU social space in Belgrade, compliance of available space in DPU municipalities Cukarica and Vozdovac with valid norms). Data sources: institutional data research (survey research ?Spatial capacity of preschool institutions in Belgrade?, conducted at the Faculty of Geography, Department of Spatial Planning, on the subject of Social Development Planning, 2018-2019). The main results of this research confirm the presumed issue in this field, which causes the unequal gender power relations and various consequences which affect the position and quality of life of women-mothers and men. The preschool system in Serbia is in an unfavourable position due to the serious insufficiency of PPI facilities in Belgrade (out of a total of 124,846 preschool children, there is enough space for less than one half; the analysis of the existing PPI capacity shows that there are large differences in capacity at the municipal level, from about three quarters to about one quarter,) and at the level of Belgrade municipalities. The data available for the municipalities of Cukarica, Vozdovac, Palilula, Zemun, Zvezdara, and Novi Beograd show that the same problem exists there as well, which can be solved by accepting the proposals for the required capacity of public kindergartens, which are given in this paper. The insufficient PPI capacity in the municipalities of Cukarica and Vozdovac has been documented at the kindergarten level (a total of 55, 22 of which in the municipality of Cukarica, and 33 in the municipality of Vozdovac.

scholarly journals Funkcje form komicznych (memów internetowych i dowcipów) związanych z pandemią COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Dorota Szagun
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Social Consciousness ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Reaction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Stranger

The subject of the study is the analysis of a series of Internet memes and linguistic jokes made available in pseudomemic form in connection with the COVID-19 pan­demic. Comedy itself feeds on any deviations from the norm observed in social, and especially political, life; it captures all the aberrations, nonsense and inconsistencies. The pandemic emergency is fraught with new situations and rules that constitute such a deviation. A vivid social reaction is especially visible in the multisemiotic comic genres, such as Internet memes, due to their channel of entry (the Internet becomes the main channel of communication outside of family communities during social isolation), plasticity and susceptibility to replication. Comic forms, apart from peculiarly ludic and humorous functions, also perform persuasive functions, activating the social need to differentiate between oneself and the stranger, and consequently isolate or integrate certain social groups. In addition, Internet memes also serve as a commentary on current events, thus prompting the audience to take a position. Persuasion dressed in a comic costume seems to be one of the strongest ways of social influence, because it spreads in its innocent and playful form like a viral and becomes firmly fixed in social consciousness.

scholarly journals Learning from Slussen: place, idea and process in the transformation of central urban interstices

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Clua
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Political Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Intense Debate

Over the last two decades the Slussen in Stockholm designed by Tage William-Olsson in 1935 has been the subject of an intense debate about how to update it to the contemporary needs. Tabula rasa, reconstruction or renovation? This lively discussion, however, has resulted in a final proposal granted by the expertise of an international firm but controversial for its political management, opposed to several social groups and, above all, highly problematic in terms of urban form and sustainability. The strategic location of this place, the indelible presence of its modern shape in the collective imaginary or the overwhelming force of the new paradigms of public space, have ended up provoking a range of more than twenty-five proposals in a short period of time. But while today this process seems to be settled and the demolition works of the original structure has already started, it would be still useful to draw some conclusions relevant to other similar interstitial sites in European compact cities where architecture, infrastructure, public space and landscape meet in such an intense way. Thus, this paper summarizes some of the last arguments of the on-going doctoral thesis about the recent evolution of Slussen according to four different outstanding topics: the form of place and history as an undeniable premise; the strength of tactics versus the power of the image in the process; the importance of time in the sequence of urban decision-making and, finally, the weight of urban culture as a key argument in contemporary urban transformation processes.

What do we value? The questions of Rachel Whiteread’s House

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elesa Huibregtse
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
East End ◽  
Post Industrial

On 25 October 1993, British artist Rachel Whiteread revealed her most ambitious sculptural work to date – House. The solidified space of this Victorian-era, terraced home physically existed for a mere 80 days; yet, during this time it became the subject of an intense media interest and heated public debate which reached the United Kingdom’s Houses of Parliament. While House has been discussed in depth within art historical scholarship for almost 30 years, trends in this academic body of work tend to focus on absence and memory in a highly contested public space, as well as thoughts on loss, death, architecture, the art market, politics and gentrification in London’s East End during the latter part of the twentieth century. What is lacking, however, is an examination of House within the larger context of visual culture and what it may, or may not, mean for contemporary viewers. Analysing the historical context of the work’s location through a Marxist lens, reveals the dehumanization which occurred within the East End’s class constructs throughout the nineteenth century, and its effect on housing policies well into the twentieth century. Reading the sculptural work itself, using the methodologies of semiotics, unveils mythologies regarding what is and is not expendable in our western spaces; particularly, the working class, houses and works of art in post-industrial capitalist societies. The ideologies embedded within these mythologies continue to appear in our mass media images to this day, leaving unanswered questions regarding what is truly valued in our societies. Thus, Whiteread’s unique work is an artistic intervention into an image-saturated environment, asking the viewers and readers of cultural texts to consider at what point in time we will seek to change how we treat that which has been arguably undervalued.

Memory Field: Design and Fight of Narratives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 191-213
Author(s):  
Larisa Logunova ◽  
◽  
Vladislav Rychkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
National History ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Dominant Strategies ◽  
Policy Strategies ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Right

The policy of memory is a strategy of interaction between power institutions and social groups in the public space on issues of national history. Images of social memory are used by actors to create narratives – complete, plot-complete narratives of past events. Social groups declare their identity and the right to their own interpretations of historical events through the creation of narratives. The clash of alternative interpretations of events leads to a mnemonic conflict, which is the reflection of the political struggle for the right to memory. Dialogue and mediation are tools of memory policy. The logic of this policy implies reconciliation and solidarity of all social groups that have survived a single historical fate, but have a differentiated social memory. People remember how these events reflected on the fate of their families. The methodology of researching the politics of memory is based on sociocultural and historical-comparative analysis, combines phenomenological and constructivist approaches. In analyzing the problem, the article uses the theory of attraction fields of P. Bourdieu. Such a methodological construction helps to study the field structures of social memory, the specifics of constructing a narrative, and the possibilities of a political solution to the mnemonic problems of the nation. The policy of memory is presented as a tool for managing public consciousness in the mental structures of the community. It is contradictory, ideologically determined, involves the collision or coordination of alternative narratives. The structures of power that determine the rules of the “game” on the “memory field”, articulating “official narratives”, have the right to decide on the priority strategy of memory policy. But the influence on the formation of memory policy strategies is possessed by any social groups representing “unofficial” narratives. The construction of a memory policy is based on strategies — targeted, sequential actions that assert in the collective consciousness the version of national history as dominant. Strategies are embodied in variable scenarios - tactical measures of a situational nature that determine the moves and placement of acting characters for the implementation of strategies. The authors identified the main types of memory policy strategies: reproach (realization of a “martyrdom”), oblivion of the tragic past (crowding out facts contradicting “heroic” interpretations from official narratives), conflict of interpretations (contradicting “official” and “unofficial” narratives), dialogue (discourse and coordination of interpretations) with the relevant scenarios of the development of the political situation - the chanting of “historical greatness”, silence, repentance, contradictory narratives, reconciliation and solidarity . The result of the analysis of the problems of social memory in Russia are the theoretical constructs of the narrative confrontation with the following options for scenario solutions that formulate memory policy strategies.

Ontology

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Eric Fabri
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Scientific Realism ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modes Of Existence ◽  
Objective Existence

This chapter addresses ontology, which is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of being. As a branch of metaphysics, ontology is mainly concerned with the modes of existence of different entities (tangible and intangible). Every subdiscipline in the social sciences relies on an ontology that defines which elements really matter when it comes to explaining the phenomenon they set out to elucidate. A specific branch of ontology is devoted to the modes of existence of social phenomena: social ontology. Two main positions emerge: realism and constructivism. Scientific realism assumes that social phenomena have an objective existence, independent of the subject. By contrast, constructivism claims that social phenomena have no objective existence and are a construction of the human mind. Its fundamental axiom is that, even if reality exists outside the subject’s perception, the subject cannot reach it without perceiving it. This implies the mediation of imaginary structures, which are provided by social groups. It is important to note, however, that many other positions exist apart from realism and constructivism.

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