Violence and public health in the Altamira region: The construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Elizabeth Acevedo Marin ◽  
Assis da Costa Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Sectoral Planning ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Public Banks ◽  
Belo Monte

The current Brazilian government’s implantation of development policies prioritizes the building of large infrastructure projects (e.g., roads, ports, airports, gas pipelines) also named large-scale projects (Ribeiro, 2014) or development megaprojects (Timo, 2013).1 This facilitates the appropriation of natural resources (e.g., energy, minerals and the monocultures of the productive chain of interest for agribusiness). This is considered to be an economic growth strategy linked, on one hand, to the continuous expansion of production and circulation of export commodities to North American, Asian and European nations, profiting from increases in prices and the demand in international markets (Almeida, 2012; Malerba & Milanez, 2012; Mesquita, 2011). Conversely, the intensification of political, financial and social intervention of the Brazilian State by means of sectoral planning, loans’ concession and financial investment by public banks or pension funds, and the creation of wealth distribution programs directed to the poorest social classes has also occurred (Castro, 2013; Garzon, 2014).

Research on the Marketing Strategy of Online Education -- Taking New Oriental as an Example

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialu Chen ◽  
Yingxiao Han ◽  
An Li
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Marketing Mode ◽  
Marketing Costs

In recent years, with the development of society and the progress of science and technology, online learning has penetrated into people's daily life, and people's demand for high-quality curriculum products is more and more strong. From a macro perspective, the continuous growth of national financial investment in education, the continuous upgrading of China's consumption structure, the development of 5G technology and the popularization of AI intelligence make online teaching less limited. The online education industry is showing an explosive growth trend. More and more online education institutions are listed for financing, and the market value is soaring. However, in 2019, except for GSX, the latest online learning platforms such as New Oriental, Speak English Fluently and Sunlands, have been in a state of loss. Most of these agencies seize the market by increasing advertising investment, but at the same time, they also bring huge marketing costs, which affect the financial performance of the company. With the enhancement of Matthew effect, large-scale educational institutions occupy a large market through free classes and low-price classes, while small and medium-sized institutions with weak capital strength are often unable to afford high sales costs, facing the risk of capital chain rupture. Taking new Oriental online as an example, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the marketing strategies of online education institutions. It also puts forward suggestions on four aspects, which are target market, differentiated value, marketing mix and marketing mode, so as to make sure that online education institutions can control marketing expenses and achieve profits by improving course quality, expanding marketing channels and implementing precise positioning.

Emissions of greenhouse gases in terrestrial areas pre-existing to hydroelectric plant reservoirs in the Amazon: The case of Belo Monte hydroelectric plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1728-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Rocha Lessa ◽  
Marco Aurélio dos Santos ◽  
John Edwin Lewis Maddock ◽  
Clauber dos Santos Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Belo Monte

scholarly journals Capitalismo distrettuale, localismi d'impresa, globalizzazione

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Scope Economies ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Productive System ◽  
Dimensional Growth ◽  
It Revolution ◽  
Made In

From the late Sixties on, industrial development in Italy evolved through the spread of small and medium sized firms, aggregated in district networks, with an elevated propensity to enterprise and the marked presence of owner-families. Installed within the local systems, the industrial districts tended to simulate large-scale industry exploiting lower costs generated by factors that were not only economic. The districts are characterised in terms of territorial location (above all the thriving areas of the North-east and Centre) and sector, since they are concentrated in the "4 As" (clothing-fashion, home-decor, agri-foodstuffs, automation-mechanics), with some overlapping with "Made in Italy". How can this model be assessed? This is the crucial question in the debate on the condition and prospects of the Italian productive system between the supporters of its capacity to adapt and the critics of economic dwarfism. A dispassionate judgement suggests that the prospects of "small is beautiful" have been superseded, but that the "declinist" view, that sees only the dangers of globalisation and the IT revolution for our SMEs is risky. The concept of irreversible crisis that prevails at present is limiting, both because it is not easy either to "invent", or to copy, a model of industrialisation, and because there is space for a strategic repositioning of the district enterprises. The book develops considerations in this direction, showing how an evolution of the district model is possible, focusing on: gains in productivity, scope economies (through diversification and expansion of the range of products), flexibility of organisation, capacity to meld tradition and innovation aiming at product quality, dimensional growth of the enterprises, new forms of financing, active presence on the international markets and valorisation of the resources of the territory. It is hence necessary to reactivate the behavioural functions of the entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Projetos de desenvolvimento e territórios tradicionais no Maranhão, Brasil: ameaças e processos de resistências

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Bartolomeu Rodrigues Mendonça ◽  
Cíndia Brustolin ◽  
Elio de Jesus Pantoja Alves
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
International Markets ◽  
The State ◽  
International Capital ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Keen Interest ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Traditional Communities

Neste artigo, exploramos dimensões da colonialidade de poder expressas nos processos de dominação engendrados na instalação de estruturas logísticas para o escoamento de mercadorias para exportação – como o minério de ferro e produtos do agronegócio – que atravessam o estado do Maranhão rumo aos mercados internacionais. Desde a década de 1950, começaram a ser implantadas rodovias federais, estradas de ferro e portos na região, relacionadas às políticas desenvolvimentistas dos governos brasileiros. Essas obras foram executadas sobre espaços territoriais que abrigam uma diversidade de povos e comunidades tradicionais, provocando deslocamentos, eliminando espaços de roças, entupindo igarapés. Nos últimos anos, as estruturas criadas entre as décadas de 1950 e 1980, principalmente, começaram a ser ampliadas, duplicadas e também novos projetos passaram a ser executados, com forte interesse do capital internacional. As propostas amparam-se sobre a imagem desses espaços territoriais como espaços vocacionados para exercerem a função de portos e estradas. Exploramos, também, repertórios de ação elaborados contra essas investidas de expansão do capital sobre territórios tradicionais, evidenciados numa série de processos de resistência. As dimensões dacolonialidade e os repertórios de ação serão explorados a partir da discussão da ampliação de estruturas logísticas e de processos de resistência engendrados na Zona rural II, de São Luís, e no território negro de Santa Rosa dos Pretos, em Itapecuru Mirim.Palavras-chave: Grandes empreendimentos. Expansão territorial. Comunidades tradicionais.DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AND TRADITIONAL TERRITORIES IN MARANHÃO, BRAZIL: THREATS AND RESISTANCE PROCESSESAbstractIn this article, we explore dimensions of the coloniality of power expressed in theprocesses of domination engendered in the installation of logistics structures for the flow of goods for export - such as iron ore and agribusiness products - that cross the state of Maranhão towards international markets. Since the 1950s, federal highways, railroads and ports in the region began to be implemented, related to the development policies of Brazilian governments. These works were executed on territorial spaces that shelter a diversity of traditional peoples and communities, provoking displacements, eliminating spaces of roças, cloggingigarapés. In recent years, structures created between the 1950s and the 1980s, mainly, began to be expanded, duplicated, and also new projects were implemented, with keen interest from international capital. The proposals are based on the image of these territorial spaces as spaces designed to perform the function of ports and roads. We have also explored the repertoires of actionagainst these investees of capital expansion over traditional territories, evidenced in a series of resistance processes. The dimensions of coloniality and action repertoires will be explored from a discussion of the expansion of logistic structures and resistance processes engendered in São Luís rural area II and the black territory of Santa Rosa dos Pretos, in Itapecuru Mirim.Keywords: Large enterprises. Territorial expansion. Traditional communities.

scholarly journals Expansão urbana recente em Altamira (PA): novas tendências de crescimento a partir da instalação da UHE Belo Monte

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
José Queiroz de Miranda Neto ◽  
José Antônio Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
La Red ◽  
Belo Monte

ResumoEste artigo analisa o processo de expansão urbana recente em Altamira – PA, de modo a verificar as novas tendências de crescimento a partir da instalação da usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte. São utilizados como bases teóricas os conceitos ligados à morfologia urbana e à produção social do espaço urbano. A expansão urbana recente se constitui a partir de fatores articulados ao processo de instalação da usina hidrelétrica, onde se verifica um crescimento acelerado da malha urbana em várias direções, respeitando o sentido das vias estruturantes. Tal crescimento chega a ultrapassar 50% e se dá a partir de novas instalações urbanas para habitação e uso coletivo, públicas e privadas, que alteram o desenho da cidade, sua paisagem e estrutura urbana. Nesse novo cenário, cabe destaque ao papel dos agentes imobiliários e do poder público, bem como da empresa Norte Energia S.A como indutora de processos e agente ordenador do território.Palavras Chave: Expansão urbana, morfologia, Altamira, Belo Monte.  AbstractThis article analyzes the process of recent urban expansion in Altamira, Pará State, in order to check for new growth trends after the implementation of the hydroelectric plant of Belo Monte. The concepts related to urban morphology and social production of urban space are used as theoretical basis to this study. The recent urban expansion is composed by factors related to the hydroelectric plant implementation process, which shows a rapid growth of the urban mesh in several directions, respecting the way of structuring roads. Such growth exceeds 50% and it happens by means of public and private new urban facilities for housing and collective use that alter the design of the city, its landscape and urban infrastructure. In this new scenario, it is highlighted the real estate agents’, government’s, and  Norte Energia corporation’s roles, being the former one considered an originator territory agent and responsible for  inducing this processes.Keywords: urban expansion, morphology, Altamira, Belo Monte.  ResumenEn este artículo se analiza el proceso de reciente expansión urbana en Altamira-PA, con el fin de comprobar si hay nuevas tendencias de crecimiento después de la instalación de la central hidroeléctrica de Belo Monte. Se utilizan como base teórica los conceptos relacionados con la morfología urbana y la producción social del espacio urbano. La reciente expansión urbana se constituye a partir de factores relacionados con el proceso de instalación de la planta hidroeléctrica, donde hay un rápido crecimiento de la red urbana en varias direcciones, respetando el modo de estructuración de las carreteras. Este crecimiento es superior al 50% y se produce a partir de nuevos equipamientos urbanos para viviendas y uso colectivo, públicos y privados, que alteren el diseño de la ciudad, su paisaje y la estructura urbana . En este nuevo escenario, hay que destacar el papel de los agentes de bienes raíces, el gobierno y también del Norte Energia S.A , que induce procesos y articula el territorio .Palavras Chave: expansión urbana, morfología, Altamira, Belo Monte. 

Public Information Service for the Disadvantaged in China’s Towns

2013 ◽  
pp. 182-199
Author(s):  
Jianbin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Distribution

This study uses the methods of questionnaire and group discussion to conduct field research in A and B towns, which are located in the eastern developed region and the western undeveloped region of China, respectively. According to comparative study on the status of providing public information service for the disadvantaged between A and B towns, the author finds that the public in A town are superior to the ones in B in terms of information literacy, public information service expenditure, and satisfaction rate of public information service. Similarities exist in terms of differences in accessing public information service between town and village, among social groups, and the causes resulting in imbalance of public information service and features of the information-poor’s group distribution. The author discusses the differences in development policies between city and village, as well as differences in financial investment of public information service, education, and individual’s income level between A and B towns.

Public Information Service for the Disadvantaged in China's Towns

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jianbin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Distribution

This study uses the methods of questionnaire and group discussion to conduct field research in A and B towns, which are located in the eastern developed region and the western undeveloped region of China, respectively. According to comparative study on the status of providing public information service for the disadvantaged between A and B towns, the author finds that the public in A town are superior to the ones in B in terms of information literacy, public information service expenditure, and satisfaction rate of public information service. Similarities exist in terms of differences in accessing public information service between town and village, among social groups, and the causes resulting in imbalance of public information service and features of the information-poor’s group distribution. The author discusses the differences in development policies between city and village, as well as differences in financial investment of public information service, education, and individual’s income level between A and B towns.

scholarly journals Clean Hydrogen and Ammonia Synthesis in Paraguay from the Itaipu 14 GW Hydroelectric Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Massimo Rivarolo ◽  
Gustavo Riveros-Godoy ◽  
Loredana Magistri ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Methane Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Separation Unit

This paper aims at investigating clean hydrogen production from the large size (14 GW) hydroelectric power plant of Itaipu, located on the border between Paraguay and Brazil, the two countries that own and manage the plant. The hydrogen, produced by a water electrolysis process, is converted into ammonia through the well-known Haber-Bosch process. Hydraulic energy is employed to produce H2 and N2, respectively, from a large-scale electrolysis system and an air separation unit. An economic feasibility analysis is performed considering the low electrical energy price in this specific scenario and that Paraguay has strong excess of renewable electrical energy but presents a low penetration of electricity. The proposal is an alternative to increase the use of electricity in the country. Different plant sizes were investigated and, for each of them, ammonia production costs were determined and considered as a term of comparison with traditional ammonia synthesis plants, where H2 is produced from methane steam reforming and then purified. The study was performed employing a software developed by the authors’ research group at the University of Genoa. Finally, an energetic, environmental, and economic comparison with the standard production method from methane is presented.

Animal health : present and future

1977 ◽  
Vol 281 (980) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
New Production ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Veterinary Surgeons ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
High Standards

The importance of the health of farm livestock is considered in relation to the need to economically produce enough human food of an acceptable quality. The control and eradication of important diseases is discussed. Success in this work has allowed the development of high performance breeds by genetic selection. It has also encouraged the development of large scale units and intensive husbandry techniques. These new production methods require high standards of management from all concerned, and represent considerable financial investment. Biochemists, geneticists, physiologists, veterinary surgeons, all have a part to play in the modern livestock industry. The work of the State Veterinary Service is seen as catalytic. The possible development of a disease surveillance unit is discussed, also the type of information required by both veterinary surgeons and farmers.

The Personalization of Politics

2012 ◽  
Vol 644 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lance Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Transnational Organizations ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Personal Action ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Personalization Of Politics

This article proposes a framework for understanding large-scale individualized collective action that is often coordinated through digital media technologies. Social fragmentation and the decline of group loyalties have given rise to an era of personalized politics in which individually expressive personal action frames displace collective action frames in many protest causes. This trend can be spotted in the rise of large-scale, rapidly forming political participation aimed at a variety of targets, ranging from parties and candidates, to corporations, brands, and transnational organizations. The group-based “identity politics” of the “new social movements” that arose after the 1960s still exist, but the recent period has seen more diverse mobilizations in which individuals are mobilized around personal lifestyle values to engage with multiple causes such as economic justice (fair trade, inequality, and development policies), environmental protection, and worker and human rights.

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