scholarly journals EXTENT OF COUNSELORS EFFECTIVENESS IN POST PRIMARY INSTITUTIONS IN ENUGU STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
EGBO ANTHONIA CHINONYELUM ◽  
ONUOMA LOVENAH IKODIYA ◽  
EGBO CHINONYE EMMANUELLA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Primary Institutions

This study is an appraisal of counselors’ effectiveness in post primary institutions in Enugu State. This study adopted descriptive survey research deign. It was carried out in the six educational zones of Enugu state with a total of two hundred and seventy-five (275) government-owned secondary schools. The population for the study comprises a key officer each from all the two hundred and seventy-five (275) government owned secondary schools in Enugu State. Two hundred and seventy-five (275) is small and manageable as a sample for study. Hence, the researcher used all of them for the study. Therefore, no sampling was done. The researcher explored eight research questions and formulated two hypotheses on the comparison of the performance of counselors by gender and locations using t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The research questions were answered using means and standard deviations. It was found that the respondents generally had high perceptions of the counselors’ performance in each of their professional roles except with respect to the referral function. It was also found that there is no significant difference in the performance of male and female counselors in both urban and rural areas. Recommendations were made that counselors should be adequately motivated and that counselors should specialize on guidance and counseling services to improve their effectiveness in post primary schools in Enugu State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Number Manipulation Strategy: A Model of Experiential Instruction and Interest in Arithmetic Learning of Pupils of Lower Basic Level in Enugu State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1(V)) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Sochima Stanislus Unodiaku
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Mathematics Classroom ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Mathematics Textbook ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Experiential Instruction ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Manipulation Strategy

The study investigated the efficacy of the number manipulation strategy (NUMAS) as a model of experiential instruction and interest in arithmetic learning for pupils of lower basic levels. The population of the study consisted of 1205 lower basic III level pupils of the 2018/2019 session in Igbo-Etiti Local Government Area (L.G.A.) of Enugu State. A sample of 121 primary five pupils from 4 schools out of 53 primary schools in the study area was randomly sampled. The 121 pupils were composed of 42 males and 79 females used for the study. The study was guided by four research questions and four hypotheses. The hypotheses were tested at a p<.05 level of significance. The instruments used for the study were Arithmetic Test (ART) and Mathematics Interest Inventory Questionnaire (MIIQ) developed by the researcher. The ART and MIIQ instruments were faces validated by experts and their reliability indexes were 0.85 and 0.79 respectively, established using Cronbach alpha and split-half methods respectively. The data obtained with the instruments were analyzed using mean, standard deviations (SD), t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) statistics. Mean and SD was used in answering the research questions, while t-test and ANCOVA statistics were used in testing the hypotheses at P<.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that NUMAS is effective in teaching arithmetic, especially in enhancing the addition and subtraction skills acquisition of the pupils. Gender was found not to be a significant factor of variance in arithmetic achievement when the teaching of arithmetic is NUMAS based. The use of NUMAS was recommended to teachers, lower basic mathematics textbook authors and stakeholders in education, to ensure that NUMAS is adopted and adapted for use in Mathematics classroom instruction and learning.

scholarly journals Determinants of Marriage Stability among Married Couples in North-Central Nigeria Implication for Counselling

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
North Central ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

<em><em>The study investigated determinants of marriage stability among married couples in North Central Nigeria. In order to carry out this study, four hypotheses were formulated. An instrument known as “Determinants of Marriage Stability Questionnair (DOMSQ)” was constructed by the researcher and used to collect information from the field. The instrument had content and facial validity and its reliability coefficient is 0.87. The investigator used eight research assistants to administer nine hundred and ninety copies of the questionnaire on the respondents in Kogi and Benue States. Nine hundred and eighty three copies were retrieved from the respondents indicating 99.3 percent return rate. The researcher collated the information got from the field work and the Z statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that, there was no significant difference between male and female married couples in their identification of childlessness as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between married couples in the urban and rural areas in their identification of sexual satisfaction as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between old and young married couples in their identification of cultural background as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between married couples from Kogi and Benue States in their identification of communication as determinant of marriage stability. One of the recommendations is that couples who are faced with the problem of childlessness should seek medical assistance and also be positive about such outcome.</em></em>

Influence of Principals’ Leadership Behaviour on Teachers’ Productivity: Imperative for National Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Ngene Adaku N. ◽  
Emem Ofon Etuknwa
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
National Security ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
Management Board ◽  
Leadership Behaviour ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Overall Reliability

The main purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of principals‟ leadership behaviour on teachers‟ productivity in Secondary Schools in Enugu State. Two research questions guided the study, while two null hypotheses were tested at p < 0.05. Survey research design was used for the study. The population for the study comprised all the 319 principals and 8,280 teachers in the state-owned secondary schools in Enugu State. A sample of 414 principals and teachers (32 principals and 382 teachers) was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured researcher-developed questionnaire comprising 16 items which were divided into two clusters according to the two research questions. The instrument was validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained using Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient formula. The result of the reliability showed that the overall reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.75, indicating that the instrument was reliable and suitable for use. The research questions were answered with mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested with t-test. From the results of data analyses, it was found among others that the extent to which aloofness as principals‟ leadership behaviour influence teachers‟ productivity in secondary schools in Enugu State was low and the extent to which production emphasis as principals‟ leadership behaviour influence teachers‟ productivity in secondary schools in Enugu State was high. It was recommended among others that principals should be encouraged to avoid aloofness in dealing with their subordinates, and that seminars and workshops should be organized by the Post Primary Schools Management Board (PPSMB) to enlighten principals on the best leadership behaviours with which to improve teachers‟ productivity in their schools.

scholarly journals Attitude of Parents toward Female-Child Secondary Education in Sokoto State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract The study was set out to investigate the attitude of parents toward female-child secondary education in Sokoto State, Nigeria. One research question and one hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The study is a descriptive survey and made use of ex-post facto design. The researcher made use of purposive sampling technique to select 270 parents from the urban and 270 parents from the rural areas of Sokoto State. The researcher made use of an instrument adapted from that of Terhemba and Umaru 2015. The instrument is known as “Attitude of Parents Toward Female Child Secondary Education Questionnaire” (APTFCSEQ). The APTFCSEQ had a reliability coefficient of 0.81. The instrument had facial and content validity. It also had language appropriateness. The researcher used four (4) research Assistants to administer 540 copies of the questionnaire on the respondents. All the 540 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved showing 100 percent return rate. The data generated from the field were collated and the mean score analysis for the 15 items was carried out in order to provide answer to the research question raised in the study. 2.5 was chosen as the benchmark for either disagreeing or agreeing with each of the 15 items. The t-test statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The investigation found out that parents in Sokoto State have shown unfavourable attitude toward female-child secondary education. It found out that there is no significant difference between parents in the urban and rural areas in their attitude toward female-child secondary education. This finding has shown that whether the parent is in urban or rural area, all of them have expressed their opinion in the same direction. One of the recommendations of the study is that parents in Sokoto State should show favourable attitude toward female-child secondary education.

scholarly journals Comparison Of The Frequency And Effectiveness Of Positive And Negative Reinforcement Practices In Schools

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hukam Dad ◽  
Riasat Ali ◽  
Muhammad Zaigham Qadeer Janjua ◽  
Saqib Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Saeed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
New Era ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Reward And Punishment

The major purpose of the study was to compare the frequency and effectiveness of positive and negative reinforcement practices deployed by teachers in boys’ and girls’ secondary schools in urban and rural areas. It was hypothesized that there would be no difference in use of reward and punishment by teachers in secondary schools in urban and rural areas with respect to their frequency and effectiveness. The results of this study brought out a clear picture of the reward and punishment practices being followed in schools, which may serve as a useful tool for improving these practices that influence development of students’ desired behaviour. The population of the study comprised of the teachers serving in government secondary schools of Punjab. A sample of 1,000 teachers (200 from district Rawalpindi, 150 from district Attock, 200 from district Lahore, 150 from district Gujranwala, 150 from district Multan, and 150 from district Khanewal) was randomly selected in such a way that the proportion of rural and urban boys’ and girls’ secondary school teachers was evenly balanced. In order to collect data from sample teachers, a comprehensive questionnaire was developed and personally administered. The data obtained was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using appropriate descriptive and inferential tests of significance, such as one-way chi-square and two-way chi-square. The level of significance was 0.05. On the basis of results and discussion, it was concluded that the teachers of urban schools had better knowledge of using reward and punishment with respect to their frequency and effectiveness as well. There should be a countrywide program to train teachers according to the demands of the new era.

Roles of Guidance and Counselling Services in the Security Administration of Secondary Schools in Enugu State.

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Ene N.H. ◽  
Ezeudu Ngozi May
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Counselling Services ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Descriptive Survey

This study focused on the role of guidance and counselling services in the security administration of secondary schools in Enugu State. The study employed the descriptive survey research design. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population for the study consisted of 291 school counsellors in the urban and rural areas in the 291 secondary schools. A questionnaire designed on a 4 Likert type scale was used in the study. The researcher made used of a 10-item questionnaire which was faced validated by three experts in the Faculty of Education, ESUT. The reliability of the instrument was determined by using Cronbach Alpha. The reliability index was .80 and it showed that the instrument was reliable. The data were analysed using mean with standard deviation while t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study among others showed that the respondents were of the view that the roles of guidance and counselling services relating to organising in-service courses in the security administration of secondary schools in Enugu State is to a low extent.One of the recommendations made was that, there should be constant and continuous staff training, retraining and development programmes in order to build the capacity of counsellors. However, counsellors should be exposed to new technological means in order to aid effective utilization of guidance and counselling services in the school relating to organising in-service courses.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Attitude towards Green Products among the Urban and Rural Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
Bhavini B. Patil ◽  
Suma Hasalkar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance

The growing environmental concern amongst the public has demanded organizations, businesses and individuals to be responsible and conscious in their everyday activity not to cause any harm to the environment. Most environmental problems are caused by the way people living and continuously damaging the environment. The study was conducted with the aim to assess the awareness and knowledge among the consumers about green products. The exploratory research design was adopted to conduct the study. The data was collected from 600 educated consumers from the urban and rural areas of Dharwad and Belagavi district. The data was analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean,‘t’ test and correlation coefficient.  The results revealed that Both in urban and rural the areas majority of the consumers belonged 22-29 years of age group and more than half of the consumers selected for study were graduates in urban area and studied upto 12th standard in rural area. With regard to occupation one third of the consumers selected for the study were students, followed by unemployed and self employed consumers. Majority of the consumers had medium family income of rupees 7,380-51,780 per month. Maximum number of the selected consumers belonged to upper middle socio economic category. Maximum number of the selected consumers belonged to upper middle socio economic category. The female consumers in both the locality had favourable attitude towards green products compared to male consumers. There was highly significant difference between the gender and between the locations at 0.01 level. There was significant difference between the gender and location at 0.05 level of significance.

scholarly journals "Effectiveness of Diagnosis Based Remediation on Attainment of MLL in Mathematics among V Standard Students "

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Prakash K ◽  
Premalatha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Regular Classes ◽  
Experimental Group

Present study is aimed to assess the effectiveness of diagnosis-based remediation programme in improving the proportionate of students mastering each competency (percentage of competency mastered) by the group of V standard students in the selected (experimental) schools of Shimoga District. A total of 100 students of 4 government primary schools from Shimoga district constituted the sample for the study, of which 50 were boys and remaining 50 were girls. They were selected from both urban and rural areas of Shimoga district. This is an experimental study with pre and post test design. Among the selected100 non-mastered students, 50 were non masters and they formed control group and remaining 50 constituted the experimental group. After 2 months of intervention for the experimental group, the investigator conducted post test for both controlled and experimental groups. The controlled group students were attending regular classes whereas students from experimental group were attending the intervention class outside the class room which was taken by the investigator himself. MLL based test developed by Kashinath (2005) was adapted and used for assessing selected MLL competencies, which had 7 competencies was administered on the students selected 4 government primary schools of Shimoga district. The results showed that experimental group had gained significantly higher competencies in total scores than the control group. Further, male students of experimental group had substantial gain compared to all other groups.

The Evaluation of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of the Elderly Toward Self-Medication: A Cross-Sectional Study

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (08) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Mansureh Borujeni ◽  
Mansour Ghafourifard ◽  
Rahim Sheikhi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of various diseases in the elderly has increased the use of drugs, which is coupled with age-related physiological changes and places the elderly at risk for multiple side effects. The present study aimed to determine awareness, attitudes and practices of elderly towards self-medication. Materials and Methods The sample included 300 participants over 60 years under any of the health centers in urban and rural areas of Abadeh city, who were selected based on stratified random sampling method. In order to collect data, the questionnaire including demographic information, awareness, attitude and performance of the elderly and the checklist of drug intractable consumption. Results Based on the results, 76% of the elderly reported drug consumption. Regarding lifestyle, the average score of the elderly’s awareness for the elderly who lived with and without families were 78.6±14.2 and 69.2±13.6, respectively. In other words, a significant difference was observed between these two groups. In addition, there was a significant between the elderly’s performance score with and without family members about the self-medication (p=0.001). Conclusion Considering the increase in self-medication among the elderly, adherence to prescription criteria for drug among this age group is recommended. Finally, designing and implementing various educational programs in health education center is necessary for the elderly and their families for the purpose of improving awareness and practice.

scholarly journals School environment and obesity in primary schools. An analysis of the WHO European COSI in Austria

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Aufschnaiter ◽  
K Schindler ◽  
B Fuchs-Neuhold ◽  
K Maruszczak ◽  
E Pail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
School Playgrounds

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity in childhood and the associated secondary diseases are constantly on the increase. Studies show that the school environment can have an influence on the weight of children. The Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) of the WHO is a Europe-wide epidemiological monitoring of anthropometric sizes of school children aged six to nine, with Austria participating in COSI for the first time in 2016. Methods A retrospective secondary data analysis based on two standardized questionnaires was performed. On the one hand, data on determinants specific to the school field were collected, on the other hand anthropometric data of children in third grade were measured. Across Austria, data from 97 schools and 2530 children were collected and evaluated using descriptive and inductive statistical methods. Results In 43,3 % of the schools, an existing playground can be used outside school opening hours. 73,2 % of the schools integrate nutrition education into their school curriculum either as a separate subject or in combination with another subject. Milk and dairy products are available in 60,8 % of schools, fresh fruit in 63,9 % and vegetables in 51,5 %. 28,3 % of the examined, 8 to 9-year-old children are overweight or obese (n = 658), while boys have a significant higher BMI than girls (p &lt; 0,001). Also, in urban areas children have a significant higher BMI on average than in rural areas (p = 0,025). No significant relationship could be identified between the duration of physical education lessons per week and the BMI. However, a significant difference in childreńs BMI became visible when school playgrounds were also accessible outside opening hours (p = 0,018). Conclusions The alarming number of overweight children in Austria should be diminished through policies and further interventions. Schools can make a substantial contribution to this. The course of the development could be closely observed through possible further surveys by COSI. Key messages 73,2% of the schools include nutrition education in their curricula. Yet, about every third Austrian child aged between 8 and 9 is overweight, with boys being significantly more overweight than girls. If school playgrounds are accessible outside opening hours, the childreńs BMI is significantly lower. In urban areas, children have a significantly higher BMI than in rural areas.

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