scholarly journals Development of Story Writing Skills through Communicative Approach at Secondary Level in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Samiullah ◽  
Gulzar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Scoring Rubrics ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Story Writing ◽  
Communicative Approach ◽  
Communicative Teaching

The main aim of this study was to observe the effect of communicative teaching on story writing skills among 9th graders. Relevant literature revealed that story writing skills can be increased through a communicative approach. Quasi-Experimental design, that is, pretest posttest nonequivalent control group design was used. Threats to internal/external validity were undertaken properly. Two groups were selected to collect data to achieve the above-stated aim. The creative compositions related to story writing skills were evaluated in the light of scoring rubrics. The data were analyzed using t-statistics. The communicative approach is recommended for teaching dialogue writing.

scholarly journals Development of Functional Writing Skills through Communicative Approach in Pakistani High School

2018 ◽  
Vol III (III) ◽  
pp. 559-572
Author(s):  
Muhammad Samiullah ◽  
Aftab Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Naseer Ud Din
Keyword(s):  
Language Teaching ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Scoring Rubrics ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The major and foremost aim of the research had been to observe an effect of (CLT) communicative language teaching approach on functional writing skills among 9th graders in Pakistani high schools. Relevant literature revealed that functional writing skills can be increased through (CLT) communicative language teaching approach. Quasi Experimental design, that is, pretest posttest nonequivalent control group design was used. Threats to internal/external validity were undertaken properly. The pre-test was the same, and it had been used as the post-test as well. Creative compositions related to functional writing skills were examined carefully and were marked as per scoring rubrics. The (CLT) communicative language teaching approach is recommended for English teaching specifically writingrelated tasks in the subject of English.

scholarly journals Effect of Communicative Approach on Creative Writing at Secondary Level in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Samiullah Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Communicative Approach ◽  
Curriculum Specialists ◽  
And Control

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect ofcommunicative approach on creative writing among 9th graders. It wasfound from the literature that different aspects of creative writing can bedeveloped through communicative approach. The pretest posttestnonequivalent control group design, that is, Quasi Experimental designwas used. To carry out this investigation six classes from two schools,one public and one private, were selected to collect data for the purpose.206 students were conveniently selected for experimentation. There were33 girls and 173 boys in all the experimental and control groups. Fourtasks of the creative writing were carefully chosen from literature andwere pilot tested at a smaller group of students. After pilot testing, minorchanges were incorporated. The pre-test was administered to control andexperimental groups. Communicative lessons were delivered in theexperimental classrooms only. The same pre-test was used as the posttestas well. The creative compositions were evaluated in the light ofscoring rubrics. They were rechecked by relevant class instructors forinter-rater reliability. The data were analyzed using t-statistics and thesoftware SPSS. Results of the research showed that communicativeapproach had a noteworthy influence on the increase of creative writingskills among secondary level learners. The outcomes of the research areworthwhile for teachers, curriculum specialists, syllabi designers andpolicy makers. In addition, communicative approach is recommended forteaching of writing any genre in English.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK MIND MAPPING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS PUISI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Dina Dahliana
Keyword(s):  
Writing Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Poetry Writing ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Mapping Techniques

Abstract. This research is motivated by the low writing skills of poetry. This is characterized by students' poetry writing skills that are not productive, still informative, students are still difficult to express their ideas, and are less attractive to students because they only use one technique. One learning technique that can improve poetry writing skills is mind mapping techniques. Mind mapping is also a learning technique to stimulate students' imagination in generating ideas, recording and summarizing using mind mapping. This study aims to examine the effect of Mind Mapping Technique on Poetry Writing Skills of students in elementary school.This study was an experimental study of Quasi Experimental Design with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were all fifth grade students of class V. Sampling is done by saturated sample technique (total sampling), namely VB class as an experimental class and VA class as a control class. The experimental class consisted of 34 students and the control class consisted of 36 students. The instrument used to determine the effect of mind mapping techniques is observation and documentation. The experimental class was treated by using mind mapping techniques in poetry writing skills while the control class without using mind mapping techniques.Based on the results of the pretest obtained the average value of the experimental class 60 and the average value of the control class 64.2. From the results of the comparison of the two sample classes, there was a difference in value of 3.7, so it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the two pretest grades, meaning that the two classes have the same initial ability. Next, learning was conducted using mind mapping techniques in the experimental class and learning without mind mapping techniques in the control class. After learning is given then in both classes posttest is conducted. For the experimental class obtained an average value of 82 and for the control class obtained an average value of 77.5. From the results of testing hypotheses with a significant level of 0.05 obtained a significant value of 0,000 because sig. α, the hypothesis is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of using mind mapping techniques on students' poetry writing skills in elementary school. Keywords: Mind Mapping Techniques, Writing Skills, Poetry Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya keterampilan menulis puisi. Hal ini ditandai dengan keterampilan menulis puisi siswa belum bersifat produktif, masih bersifat teori informatif, siswa masih sulit untuk menuangkan ide-idenya, dan kurang menarik bagi siswa karena hanya menggunakan satu teknik (ceramah). Salah satu teknik pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis puisi adalah teknik mind mapping. Mind  mapping  juga merupakan  salah  satu teknik pembelajaran  untuk  merangsang  imajinasi  siswa  dalam  menghasilkan gagasan,  mencatat  dan  meringkas  menggunakan  pemetaan  pikiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti Pengaruh Teknik Mind Mapping terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Puisi siswa di sekolah dasar.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen jenis Quasi Experimental Design dengan  rancangan Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V semester II. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik sampel jenuh (total sampling) yaitu kelas VB sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VA sebagai kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen berjumlah 34 siswa dan kelas kontrol berjumlah 36 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik mind mapping adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Kelas eksperimen diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan teknik mind mapping dalam keterampilan menulis puisi sedangkan kelas kontrol tanpa menggunakan teknik mind mapping.Berdasarkan hasil pretest diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 60 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 64,2. Dari hasil perbandingan kedua kelas sampel tersebut diperoleh perbedaan nilai sebesar 3,7, maka dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan nilai pretest kedua kelas, artinya kedua kelas memiliki kemampuan awal yang sama. Selanjutnya dilakukan pembelajaran yang menggunakan teknik mind mapping pada kelas eksperimen dan pembelajaran tanpa teknik mind mapping pada kelas kontrol. Setelah pembelajaran diberikan kemudian pada kedua kelas dilakukan posttest. Untuk kelas ekperimen diperoleh nilai rata-rata 82 dan untuk kelas kontrol diperoleh nilai rata-rata 77,5. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 diperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 karena sig. α maka hipotesis diterima, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan teknik mind mapping terhadap keterampilan menulis puisi siswa di sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci : Teknik Mind Mapping, Keterampilan Menulis, Puisi

scholarly journals Improvement in Narrative Writing Skills with Communicative Teaching in Pakistani High Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Muhammad Samiullah ◽  
Aftab Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Majeed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Narrative Writing ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Communicative Approach ◽  
Curriculum Specialists ◽  
Communicative Teaching

The main objective of this research was to find an effect of communicative approach on narrative writing in 9th graders at secondary level. Relevant literature revealed that narrative writing can be enhanced with the help of communicative teaching. Pre-test post-test nonequivalent control group design had been used. To conduct the experimental study six (06) classes from two schools were selected conveniently were selected to gather data to achieve intended objective. There were 206 students involved in the experimentation. Communicative lessons were delivered in the experimental classroom only. The same pre-test was used as a posttest as well. Results of research depicted that communicative teaching had a remarkable effect on increasing narrative writing at secondary level. The outcome of research is valuable for teachers, curriculum specialists, syllabi designers and policy makers. In addition, communicative approach is recommended for teaching writing related to any genre in English.

scholarly journals IMPROVING ENGLISH WRITING SKILL OF ELEMENTARY STUDENTS BY USING WHAT’S MISSING METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Dayu Retno ◽  
Ade Christianti ◽  
Ahmad Arif Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
English Writing ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This study aims to determine the effect of students' writing skills on English subjects using the 'What Missing' method. This study used a quasi-experimental research method with the research design of Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population subjects in this study were 6 th grade students of Kampung Melayu 1 Elementary School 1 Tangerang Regency. Data collection techniques using question instruments test essay writing skills To test the pretest hypothesis in this study used the t test, from the results of the t test obtained obtained t count = -0.3 <t table = 2.00. Whereas for testing the posttest hypothesis from the results of the t test it is obtained thitung = 6.06> t table = 2.00, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect between the posttest value of the control class and the experimental class. This can be interpreted that the use of the What’s Missing method is very influential on students' English writing skills.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION (CIRC) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENENTUKAN IDE POKOK PARAGRAF SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 003 PULAU KOPUNG KECAMATAN SENTAJO RAYA KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwanda Megri Santika ◽  
Otang Kurniaman ◽  
Zariul Antosa
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Main Ideas

Reading is one of the important aspects in the communication process. Reading can make someone better understand the contents of the reading. In learning to make it easier for students to understand the contents of the reading it will be easier if it begins with the ability to determine the main ideas of the paragraph. Based on this, the researcher conducted a study by applying the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) learning model to the ability to determine the main idea of the paragraph at the fifth grade students of SD 003 Pulau Kopung. This study aims to determine the effect of the CIRC learning model on the ability to determine the main ideas of paragraphs of fifth grade students of SD Negeri 003 Pulau Kopung. This research method is a quasi- experimental Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This research was conducted in two classes, the VA class as the control class and VB class as the experimental class with 22 students in each class. The results of the study showed that the CIRC learning model influenced the ability to determine paragraph main ideas with the results of calculations derived from the gain index, the experimental class using the CIRC learning model got an increase in gain of 0.59 with the middle class and the control class with the normal learning model got an increase of 0.31 with medium class.

PENGARUH PELATIHAN PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH TERHADAP MAYA INDEX PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI MAJALENGKA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wawan Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

ABSTRAK  Latar belakang: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) disebabkan oleh virus Dengue dapat menyebabkan kematian. Pencegahan DBD yang dianggap paling tepat adalah Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan pengendalian vektor Demam Berdarah pada siswa sekolah dasar terhadap Maya Index di Majalengka. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experiment (pretest-posttest control group design). Sebanyak 4 sekolah terpilih sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 4 sekolah lainnya sebagai kontrol. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV-VI yang terdiri dari 171 siswa pada kelompok intervensi dan 163 pada kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah formulir pemantauan jentik berkala. Hasil: Jumlah rumah dengan kategori Maya Index tinggi berkurang dari 27,5% menjadi 9,4%. Terjadi penurunan angka BRI kategori tinggi pada kelompok intervensi dari 20,5% menjadi 1,8%. Pada kelompok kontrol tidak terjadi penurunan angka BRI kategori tinggi (22,1%), sebaliknya terjadi penurunan kategori rendah dari 34,4% menjadi 3,7%. Tidak terjadi penurunan angka HRI pada kelompok intervensi maupun kontrol. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan pengendalian vektor Demam Berdarah dapat menurunkan nilai BRI dan Maya Index, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai HRI. Tidak adanya perubahan nilai HRI menunjukkan bahwa kebersihan dan sanitasi lingkungan merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap probabilitas kejadian demam berdarah. Kata Kunci : Demam Berdarah, Maya Index, pelatihan, pengendalian vektor   ABSTRACT Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) caused by Dengue virus could cause death. The most appropriate prevention of Dengue is eradication of mosquito nests (PSN). This study aims to determine the effect of Dengue vector control training on elementary students towards Maya Index in Majalengka. Method: This study used quasi-experimental design (pretest-posttest control group design). A total of 4 schools were selected as intervention groups and 4 other schools as controls. The subjects were students in grades IV-VI consisting of 171 students in the intervention group and 163 in the control group. The instrument used was periodic larva monitoring form. Results: The number of houses with a high Maya Index category in the intervention group decreased from 27.5% to 9.4%. There was a decrease in the high BRI category in the intervention group from 20.5% to 1.8%. In the control group, there was no decrease in the high BRI category (22.1%), on the contrary, there was a decrease in the low category from 34.4% to 3.7%. There was no decrease in HRI rates both of intervention or control groups. Conclusion: Dengue Fever vector control training could decrease the value of BRI and Maya Index, but does not affect the value of HRI. The absence of changes in HRI  indicate that environmental hygiene and sanitation are factors that influence the probability of dengue fever occurrence. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Maya Index, training, vector control

Pengaruh Model PjBL Terhadap Hasil Belajar Murid pada Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 110-126
Author(s):  
Nashran Azizan ◽  
Rahmadani Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Moral Lesson ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Academic Year

This aimed to know the influence of PjBL model toward learning results of moral lessons in knowing the prophet and apostle in IV grade of Islamic School Padangsidimpuan Angkola Julu in academic year 2019/2020 by using PjBL and Direct Instruction model. The research model used Quasi-Experimental Design with None Quivalent Control-Group Design. The used instrument is the learning result test. Data analysis used t-Test. Research result showed (1) there is the influence of PjBL model toward student's learning test on moral lesson of knowing prophet and apostle material.

PENGELUARAN KOLOSTRUM DENGAN PEMBERIAN PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DAN ENDORPHIN MASSAGE PADA IBU POST SEKSIO SESAREA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Diah Evawanna Anuhgera ◽  
Eka Fitria Panjaitan ◽  
Desika Wali Pardede ◽  
Desika Wali Pardede ◽  
Nikmah Jalilah Ritonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
A Value ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Breast Care ◽  
June July

Spending colostrum in post-cesarean section mothers is difficult in the first week postpartum. Efforts to overcome colostrum disruption can use non-pharmacological methods, namely breast care and endorphin massage. This study aims to determine the expenditure of colostrum by giving breast care and endorphin massage to post-cesarean mothers. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent design posttest control group design. This research was carried out in the midwifery room of the second floor of Grand Medistra Lubuk Pakam Hospital during the June-July 2019 period. There were 48 participants selected using purposive sampling, with 18 assigned in breast care, endorphin massage and combination of breast care and endorphin massage. The time of spending colostrum expenditure is assessed every day while the amount of colostrum expenditure is assessed after intervening. Analysis of the data used is one-way Annova. The results showed that the combination of breast care and endorphin massage was the most effective action in the time of spending colostrum and the amount of colostrum with a value of p = 0,000. The combination of breast care and endorphin massage could be applied as an alternative therapy post-cesarean mothers    

PENGARUH MEDIA GAMBAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI SISWA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinta Maria Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Class Action ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Media Image ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Random Method ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract: This research aims to know the Influence of Media Image on the ability of Writing Poetry students. The method used in this study is a random method that does not use posttes control group design method. The findings of this study show the average way of writing poetry on students by using the image media (experimental class) higher average poetry writing skills on students who were taught with conventional learning (control class). The average of pretest experiments obtained by experiment class is 63,75. The average pretest class of control class is 61,05. After the second class action, the average posttest of the experimental class is 79.45 and the control class is 74.95. Hypothesis calculation using t paired t test test and significance of 0.05 significant level indicates probability (significance) is 0,033. Because of the significance of 0.033

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