scholarly journals Left Axis Deviation in Electrocardiogram with Normal QRS Duration in Ambulatory Adults without Cardiac Symptoms: A Possible Marker of Glucose Intolerance

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (192) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar Paudyal ◽  
Madhur Dev Bhattarai ◽  
Buddha Bahadur Karki ◽  
Manil R Bajracharya ◽  
Alark D Rajouria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Axis Deviation ◽  
Health Checkup ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Cardiac Symptoms ◽  
Normal Duration ◽  
Qrs Duration ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: We are increasingly noticing isolated left axis deviation (LAD) in electrocardiogram in younger people with diabetes without obvious heart disease and association of LAD with glucose intolerance has not been explicitly raised before. We planned a study of ambulatory adults with borderline (0o to –30o) and moderate-to-marked (<–30o to –90o) LAD looking into their possible association with glucose intolerance with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥100mg/dL. Methods: We consecutively enrolled adults aged 30 or more, with electrocardiogram normal duration QRS axis between 0o to –90o, without cardiac symptoms, not on any medication, attending outdoor-clinics for health checkup. Results: Out of 100 participants enrolled, about 90% were aged between 30 and 60 and 47% had borderline and 53% moderate-to-marked LAD. Moderate-to-marked LAD group had higher frequencies of abnormal blood pressure (BP), FPG, and lipids than borderline LAD group even after conditioning effects of age and sex (p≤0.03) and of FPG after conditioning effects of BP (p=0.02). The frequencies of glucose intolerance were 48.9% even in borderline LAD with 84.9% in moderate-to-marked LAD group. In moderate-to-marked LAD group mean values of BP, FPG, and lipid profiles were higher (p<0.001) and abnormal. In borderline LAD group though mean BP and lipid values were normal, FPG was impaired. Conclusions: Impaired mean FPG values and high frequencies of glucose intolerance in both borderline LAD group with normal BP and moderate-to-marked LAD group with conditioning of effects of BP in relatively younger ambulatory adults without cardiac symptoms indicate possible association between LAD and glucose intolerance. Keywords: diabetes; ecg; glucose intolerance; left axis deviation.

Abstract 350: Impact on Knowledge Retention on CPR Using a Smartphone App in Teenagers

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe M Crepaldi ◽  
Miguel A Moretti ◽  
Bárbara G Maya ◽  
Beatriz G Magnoni ◽  
Giane P Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Practical Evaluation ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Retention Of Knowledge ◽  
Age And Sex

Cardiopulmonary arrest occurs more frequently outside the hospital, often in the presence of a teenager. Studies show that knowledge retention of basic procedures in CPR tends to decrease with time. Hypothesis: To evaluate the contribution to learning and retention of CPR techniques using a smartphone application (APP) Ressuscita. Methods: An application was developed to assist the training of CPR maneuvers. One group of students (gAPP) was trained according to the BLS principles along with the App (which was installed on the smartphones) and the group control (gCT) received the same training, without the APP. Both groups were evaluated at 3 moments, immediately after the first training (T0), 3 months (T3m) and 6 months later (T6m). Theoretical and practical evaluations were performed. After the 3-month, the gCT was received the APP (they were also able to keep the APP). The groups were matched for age and sex. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and treated as mean values and standard deviation. Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney test and t test were used. Results: 93 teenagers were trained, with a mean age of 14 years, 49 in gAPP and 44 in gCT. The graphics show that they were homogeneous and at the end of the training presented the same grade profile in the theoretical and practical evaluation. After 3 months, the gAPP had a better knowledge and retention profile. In the practical evaluation the gAPP demonstrated a smaller reduction in score compared to those with gCT: 0.1 + 0.2 steps vs. 2.1 + 0.3 steps (p <0.001). After six months, the groups returned to the same profile of knowledge and retention. Detailing the practical evaluation, the practical skills were the most improved with the application. Conclusion: There was greater retention of knowledge, especially skills, in relation to CPR maneuvers in individuals trained with the app.

scholarly journals Normal Ranges of Upper Extremity Length, Circumference, and Rate of Growth in the Pediatric Population

Hand ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-721
Author(s):  
Tyler Edmond ◽  
Alexandra Laps ◽  
Alexandria L. Case ◽  
Nathan O’Hara ◽  
Joshua M. Abzug
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Forearm Length ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Upper extremity length and circumference abnormalities are present in a number of conditions in the pediatric population. In most cases, upper limb hypoplasia and hypertrophy are diagnosed when one limb appears substantially different from the other during physical examination. However, occasionally when this discrepancy exists, it can be difficult to determine which limb is the abnormal one. The purpose of this study was to establish normal values for upper extremity length, circumference, and rate of growth in children aged 0 to 17 years. Methods: In all, 377 participants had 4 measurements taken of each upper extremity: upper arm length, upper arm circumference, forearm length, and forearm circumference. Statistical analysis was performed to identify differences and rates of growth. Results: Mean values for arm and forearm length and circumference for each age, 0 to 17 years, were established. The determination of a child’s expected arm length is dependent on his or her height, age, and sex, while the calculation of a child’s expected forearm length depends on his or her weight, age, and sex. Male and female arms and forearms have similar growth rates of lengths and circumferences. No significant differences were found between right and left extremities for each of the 4 measurements taken. Conclusions: Contralateral limbs can be used for comparison of length and circumference of the arm and forearm in cases of unilateral upper extremity abnormality. The establishment of normal values for upper extremity length, circumference, and growth rate will be a useful diagnostic tool for upper extremity hypoplasia and hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Predictors of Change in Plasma Total Cysteine: Longitudinal Findings from the Hordaland Homocysteine Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina El-Khairy ◽  
Stein E Vollset ◽  
Helga Refsum ◽  
Per M Ueland
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Predictors Of Change

Abstract Background: Total cysteine (tCys) in plasma has recently been linked to cardiovascular risk and is also associated with cardiovascular risk factors, including body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol. Changes and predictors of change in tCys concentrations over a mean follow-up time of 6.0 (5.2–7.2) years were assessed in this study. Methods: Baseline data from the Hordaland Homocysteine Study recorded in 1992–1993 included tCys, total homocysteine (tHcy), and various lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. In 1998–1999, the same measurements were repeated in 3732 individuals born in 1950–1951 and 3339 individuals born in 1925–1927. Most of the statistical analyses were done separately in the four age and sex groups. Results: The overall mean values of tCys were higher at follow-up [mean (SD), 296 (41) μmol/L] than at baseline [278 (36.5) μmol/L]; P &lt;0.0001. The mean percentage of increase in tCys in the different age and sex groups ranged from 4.9% to 8.5%. There was a significant correlation between the tCys values measured on the two occasions (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.55–0.59 in the different age and sex groups; P &lt;0.0001). The change in tCys correlated with changes in BMI, cholesterol, and diastolic blood pressure in the younger age group, whereas only changes in BMI predicted changes in tCys in the older age group. Conclusions: tCys increased in the 6 years between the two measurements. Factors related to the baseline tCys values, including BMI and the change in BMI, predicted the tCys changes over time.

Clinical and pathological significance of sibling Graves' disease

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Tanaka ◽  
Shoichi Katayama ◽  
Kanji Kuma ◽  
Hajime Tamai ◽  
Fumio Matsuzuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subtotal Thyroidectomy ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract. The clinical picture and serum antithyroid antibodies in 16 pairs of siblings with Graves' disease were compared with an age and sex matched group of 32 patients with Graves' disease who did not have a family history of any thyroid disease (control patients). There was a significant difference in frequency and mean titres of antibodies to thyroglobulin between sibling patients. (positive 76.0%) and control patients (positive 40.0%), but not in microsomal antibodies (sibling; positive 92.0%, control; 92.0%). There were no significant differences in the mean values of 24 h 131I-thyroidal uptake, serum T3U, serum T4 and T3 concentrations before treatment between the two groups. Lymphoid follicles and degeneration of the epithelia were more often found in the thyroid glands of sibling patients than in those of the control patients, when 32 (16 sibling, 16 control) thyroid glands from the same groups in the clinical study, including antibody series, were examined pathologically after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Moreover, there was a strong tendency to increased lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration in the thyroid glands of sibling patients with Graves' disease. The findings might indicate that Graves' disease is closely related to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, especially in sibling patients with Graves' disease.

scholarly journals Age and Sex Specific Reference Intervals for Modifiable Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases for Gujarati Asian Indians

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibasis Sahoo ◽  
Komal H. Shah ◽  
Ashwati R. Konat ◽  
Kamal H. Sharma ◽  
Payal Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Objective. We aimed to establish age and sex specific percentile reference data for cardiovascular risk factors such as lipids, sugar, blood pressure, and BMI in apparently healthy and disease-free Gujarati population.Methods.In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 3265 apparently healthy and disease-free individuals of both genders residing in Gujarat state. Fasting samples of blood were used for biochemical estimations of lipids and sugar. The measurement of BMI and blood pressure was also done according to the standard guidelines. Age and gender specific 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles were obtained.Results. The mean values of lipids, sugar, blood pressure, and BMI were significantly (p<0.001) higher in males as compared to female population. Age-wise distribution trends showed increase in the risk factors from the 2nd decade until the 5th to 6th decade in most of the cases, where loss of premenopausal protection in females was also observed. Specific trends according to gender and age were observed in percentile values of various parameters.Conclusion.The outcome of current study will contribute significantly to proposing clinically important reference values of various lipids, sugar, blood pressure, and BMI that could be used to screen the asymptomatic Gujarati Indian population with a propensity of developing dyslipidemia, diabetes, blood pressure, and obesity.

The Excretion of Calcium in the Urine and its Relation to Calcium Intake, Sex and Age

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Davis ◽  
D. B. Morgan ◽  
Rosa S. Rivlin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urine Calcium ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Apparently Healthy

1. Until recently estimates of the urinary excretion of calcium have largely been based upon studies of patients in hospital and, consequently, with changes in the person's diet and physical activity. 2. We have measured the urinary excretion of calcium in seventy-five men and ninety-eight women aged 20–69 years, who were all apparently healthy and who were taking their chosen free diet. 3. For 7 consecutive days each person recorded the weight of all food that was eaten and collected 24 h specimens of urine. We have examined in these persons the relation between the urinary calcium, the dietary intake of calcium, age and sex. 4. 95% of the men excreted less than 400 mg of calcium in the urine per day and 95% of the women excreted less than 340 mg/day. 5. Within the limits of the calcium intake (mean values: men 1148 mg/day, women 1042 mg/day) found in this study, there was no relationship between the dietary calcium and the urinary excretion of calcium except in men over the age of 50 years. Even then the regression accounted for only a minor part of the variation in urine calcium. 6. The urinary excretion of calcium diminished in men over the age of 60 and in women over the age of 50 years. 7. These results are discussed in relation to previous studies of the urinary excretion of calcium. It is concluded that the urinary excretion of calcium is determined more by the absorption of calcium from the intestine than by the intake of calcium, and that the efficiency of absorption decreases in men and women as they grow older.

Age- and sex-based normal values of layer-specific longitudinal and circumferential strain by speckle tracking echocardiography: the Copenhagen City Heart Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup ◽  
Mats Christian Højbjerg Lassen ◽  
Niklas Dyrby Johansen ◽  
Flemming Javier Olsen ◽  
Jannie Nørgaard Lind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Circumferential Strain ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Copenhagen City Heart Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Aims Technical advancements in 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) have allowed for quantification of layer-specific global longitudinal strain (GLS) and circumferential strain (GCS) of the left ventricle (LV). The aim of this study was to establish age- and sex-based reference ranges of peak systolic layer-specific GLS and GCS and to assess normal values of regional strain. Methods and results We performed 2DSTE analysis of 1997 members of the general population from the fifth round of the Copenhagen City Heart Study, who were free of cardiovascular disease and risk factors. The mean age was 46 ± 16 years (range 21–97) and 62% were female. Mean values for peak systolic whole wall GLS (GLSWW.Sys), endomycardial (GLSEndo.Sys), and epimyocardial (GLSEpi.Sys) were 19.9 ± 2.1% (prediction interval [PI]: 15.8–24.0%), 23.5 ± 2.5% (PI: 18.6–28.4%), and 17.3 ± 1.9% (PI: 13.6–21.1%), respectively. Mean peak systolic whole wall GCS (GCSWW.Sys), was 21.6 ± 3.7% (PI: 14.3–28.9%), endomyocardial (GCSEndo.Sys) was 31.9 ± 4.7% (PI: 22.7–41.1%), and epimyocardial (GCSEpi.Sys) was 14.3 ± 3.8% (PI: 6.8–21.8%). A significant discrepancy in normal strain values between males and females was observed. Men had lower mean values and lower reference limits for all strain parameters. Furthermore, GLS and GCS changed differently with age in males and females. Finally, regional LS decreased from the apical to the basal LV region in both sexes, and regional CS varied significantly by LV segment. Conclusion In this study, we reported age- and sex-based reference ranges of layer-specific GLS and GCS. These reference ranges varied significantly with sex and age.

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