Abstract 350: Impact on Knowledge Retention on CPR Using a Smartphone App in Teenagers

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe M Crepaldi ◽  
Miguel A Moretti ◽  
Bárbara G Maya ◽  
Beatriz G Magnoni ◽  
Giane P Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Practical Evaluation ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Retention Of Knowledge ◽  
Age And Sex

Cardiopulmonary arrest occurs more frequently outside the hospital, often in the presence of a teenager. Studies show that knowledge retention of basic procedures in CPR tends to decrease with time. Hypothesis: To evaluate the contribution to learning and retention of CPR techniques using a smartphone application (APP) Ressuscita. Methods: An application was developed to assist the training of CPR maneuvers. One group of students (gAPP) was trained according to the BLS principles along with the App (which was installed on the smartphones) and the group control (gCT) received the same training, without the APP. Both groups were evaluated at 3 moments, immediately after the first training (T0), 3 months (T3m) and 6 months later (T6m). Theoretical and practical evaluations were performed. After the 3-month, the gCT was received the APP (they were also able to keep the APP). The groups were matched for age and sex. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and treated as mean values and standard deviation. Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney test and t test were used. Results: 93 teenagers were trained, with a mean age of 14 years, 49 in gAPP and 44 in gCT. The graphics show that they were homogeneous and at the end of the training presented the same grade profile in the theoretical and practical evaluation. After 3 months, the gAPP had a better knowledge and retention profile. In the practical evaluation the gAPP demonstrated a smaller reduction in score compared to those with gCT: 0.1 + 0.2 steps vs. 2.1 + 0.3 steps (p <0.001). After six months, the groups returned to the same profile of knowledge and retention. Detailing the practical evaluation, the practical skills were the most improved with the application. Conclusion: There was greater retention of knowledge, especially skills, in relation to CPR maneuvers in individuals trained with the app.

scholarly journals Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) Program Dramatically Increases Knowledge Retention And Student Skills

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Balden ◽  
Michael Stemkoski ◽  
Melinda A. Bender ◽  
Henderson S. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
State College ◽  
Valley State College ◽  
Retention Of Knowledge

In academia, faculty have the challenge of developing programs that will instill in the students the core competencies and skills defined by the accounting profession as the benchmark for successful entry into the accounting profession by college graduates. By integrating participation in the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance program with the teaching of concepts in the classroom at Utah Valley State College, faculty have been able to increase the retention of knowledge and the development of practical skills that benefit students, potential employers, and the community.

Long-Term Knowledge Retention after Peer-Assisted Abdominal Ultrasound Teaching: Is PAL a Successful Model for Achieving Knowledge Retention?

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi ◽  
Erol Tutdibi ◽  
Susanne Schmidt ◽  
Michael Zemlin ◽  
Hashim Abdul-Khaliq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Post Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Retention Of Knowledge

Abstract Background Diagnostic ultrasound has a crucial importance in clinical settings, especially in intensive care medicine where bedside ultrasound has become indispensable. Medical students as well as residents therefore have a strong interest in learning this useful skill. Since staff resources are limited, more and more universities are using student tutors in a peer-assisted learning concept (PAL) to teach medical students early in their training. To date, there is very sparse data about knowledge retention after peer-assisted teaching. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether PAL is a suitable method for teaching complex skills like abdominal ultrasound and to evaluate whether students do achieve adequate long-term knowledge retention after peer-assisted teaching. Method A total of 40 volunteer 3rd to 5th year students were randomly assigned to a basic abdominal ultrasound course in small training groups of 5 persons each. Participants were evaluated using a pre-post-test design by a validated objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) before and immediately after the course. To measure the retention of knowledge, 15 former participants were randomly selected to repeat the OSCE assessment after one year. Results All groups showed a significant improvement in practical skills and knowledge gain after the training with mean values of 13.1 for pre-test compared to 83.5 (maximum 100 points) for post-test (p < 0.001). The overall score achieved after one year was 78.7 and did not significantly differ from the post-test result. Conclusion PAL is effective for teaching abdominal ultrasound. Students were able to accomplish a satisfactory level of ultrasound skills. We further demonstrated that PAL can assure long-term knowledge retention.

scholarly journals Development of Smartphone Application Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Enhance Self-Efficacy for Online Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chattavut Peechapol ◽  
Jaitip Na-Songkhla ◽  
Siridej Sujiva ◽  
Arthorn Luangsodsai
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Online Learners ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted to develop a smartphone application to enhance self-efficacy for online learning. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was used as a framework for developing the smartphone app. The study used research and design (R&amp;D) through three phases: 1)<strong> </strong>examining relevant literature and interviewing recognized experts in the field, 2) developing the smartphone app, and 3) studying the effect of the smartphone app on the self-efficacy of online learners. The results demonstrated that the framework of the smartphone application based on the TPB comprised six components. They were 1) the TPB’s concept for online learning, 2) instructional process, 3) instructional support tools, 4) application features, 5) instructor’s role, and 6) learner’s role. For technical aspects, the smartphone app was developed and deployed by using Amazon Web Service (AWS) cloud computing platform and infrastructure. Studying the effect of the application on self-efficacy was performed for four weeks using two groups in a pre-test/post-test design. The research method involved purposive sampling of 180 undergraduate students, consisting of a 90-student experimental group and a 90-student control group. The application based on the TPB and the application without the TPB were implemented in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. The results demonstrated that the post-test score of self-efficacy in online learning for the experimental group was statistically significantly higher than the control group at 0.05 level. This result showed that the smartphone app based on the TPB could significantly affect self-efficacy for online learners; it has the potential to be an effective tool for teaching an online course.

scholarly journals Left Axis Deviation in Electrocardiogram with Normal QRS Duration in Ambulatory Adults without Cardiac Symptoms: A Possible Marker of Glucose Intolerance

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (192) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar Paudyal ◽  
Madhur Dev Bhattarai ◽  
Buddha Bahadur Karki ◽  
Manil R Bajracharya ◽  
Alark D Rajouria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Axis Deviation ◽  
Health Checkup ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Cardiac Symptoms ◽  
Normal Duration ◽  
Qrs Duration ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: We are increasingly noticing isolated left axis deviation (LAD) in electrocardiogram in younger people with diabetes without obvious heart disease and association of LAD with glucose intolerance has not been explicitly raised before. We planned a study of ambulatory adults with borderline (0o to –30o) and moderate-to-marked (<–30o to –90o) LAD looking into their possible association with glucose intolerance with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥100mg/dL. Methods: We consecutively enrolled adults aged 30 or more, with electrocardiogram normal duration QRS axis between 0o to –90o, without cardiac symptoms, not on any medication, attending outdoor-clinics for health checkup. Results: Out of 100 participants enrolled, about 90% were aged between 30 and 60 and 47% had borderline and 53% moderate-to-marked LAD. Moderate-to-marked LAD group had higher frequencies of abnormal blood pressure (BP), FPG, and lipids than borderline LAD group even after conditioning effects of age and sex (p≤0.03) and of FPG after conditioning effects of BP (p=0.02). The frequencies of glucose intolerance were 48.9% even in borderline LAD with 84.9% in moderate-to-marked LAD group. In moderate-to-marked LAD group mean values of BP, FPG, and lipid profiles were higher (p<0.001) and abnormal. In borderline LAD group though mean BP and lipid values were normal, FPG was impaired. Conclusions: Impaired mean FPG values and high frequencies of glucose intolerance in both borderline LAD group with normal BP and moderate-to-marked LAD group with conditioning of effects of BP in relatively younger ambulatory adults without cardiac symptoms indicate possible association between LAD and glucose intolerance. Keywords: diabetes; ecg; glucose intolerance; left axis deviation.

A 6-Month Randomized Trial of a Smartphone Application, UControlDrink, in Aiding Recovery in Alcohol Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Conor Farren ◽  
Aoife Farrell ◽  
Aisling Hagerty ◽  
Cliodhna McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group

<b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a substantial problem, causing early death and great economic burden. Research has highlighted the potential positive impact of technological interventions, such as smartphone applications (app) in treatment of AUD. The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a smartphone app, incorporating computerized cognitive behavioural therapy and text messaging support, on alcohol outcomes over 6 months in a post-rehabilitation setting. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 111 participants with AUD were recruited into this randomized controlled trial, following completion of a 30-day rehabilitation programme. The intervention group (<i>n</i> = 54) used the smartphone app “UControlDrink” (UCD) over 6 months with treatment as usual (TAU), and the control group (<i>n</i> = 57) received TAU. All subjects suffered from AUD as the primary disorder, with other major psychiatric disorders excluded. All intervention subjects used the UCD smartphone app in the treatment trial, and all subjects underwent TAU consisting of outpatient weekly support groups. Drinking history in the previous 90 days was measured at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Additional measurements were made to assess mood, anxiety, craving, and motivation. Results were analysed using intention-to-treat analyses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Retention in the study was 72% at 3 months and 52% at 6 months. There was a significant reduction in heavy drinking days in the intervention group relative to TAU over the 6 months, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.02. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The UCD smartphone app demonstrates a significant benefit to reducing heavy drinking days over a 6-month post-rehabilitation period in AUD.

Abstract 308: Pupil Diameter Predicts the Outcome in Patients With Cardiopulmonary Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichi Imamura ◽  
Masaaki Miyata ◽  
Risa Kamata ◽  
Yutaro Nomoto ◽  
Issei Yoshimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Return Of Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: Early prediction of the outcome in patients with cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is important to select the optimal management. The pupil diameter is a simple neurological examination and it predicts the prognosis in patient with stroke. However, the clinical significance of pupil diameter in CPA has not been elucidated. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that pupil diameter would predict the prognosis of CPA patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive 45 patients with CPA and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in our hospital. We analyzed age, sex, cause of CPA, time during CPA, pupil diameter at admission and death in hospital. Results: The mean of age was 67±20 years and male were 34 (76%). The median of CPA time was 33 min [25%, 75%; 22, 46] and pupil diameter was 4.8 mm [3.0, 6.0]. The 26 (58%) patients died in hospital after ROSC. There was no significant difference in age and sex between survival (n=19) and dead (n=26). The CPA time was significantly shorter in survival than that in dead (21 min [10, 39] vs 30 min [30, 52], p=0.005). Furthermore, pupil diameter was significantly smaller in survival compared with dead (3.0mm [2.5, 4.3] vs 5.0mm [4.4, 6.0]) (Figure). The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for survival after ROSC demonstrated that the area under curve was 0.73 and provided an optimal cut-off value at 4.0mm in pupil diameter with 75% sensitivity and 75% specificity. When CPA time was 28 minutes, the area under curve was 0.76, and sensitivity and specificity were 78% and 71%, respectively. Conclusion: As same as CPA time, pupil diameter is suggested to predict the outcome after ROSC in CPA patients.

scholarly journals Normal Ranges of Upper Extremity Length, Circumference, and Rate of Growth in the Pediatric Population

Hand ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-721
Author(s):  
Tyler Edmond ◽  
Alexandra Laps ◽  
Alexandria L. Case ◽  
Nathan O’Hara ◽  
Joshua M. Abzug
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Forearm Length ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Upper extremity length and circumference abnormalities are present in a number of conditions in the pediatric population. In most cases, upper limb hypoplasia and hypertrophy are diagnosed when one limb appears substantially different from the other during physical examination. However, occasionally when this discrepancy exists, it can be difficult to determine which limb is the abnormal one. The purpose of this study was to establish normal values for upper extremity length, circumference, and rate of growth in children aged 0 to 17 years. Methods: In all, 377 participants had 4 measurements taken of each upper extremity: upper arm length, upper arm circumference, forearm length, and forearm circumference. Statistical analysis was performed to identify differences and rates of growth. Results: Mean values for arm and forearm length and circumference for each age, 0 to 17 years, were established. The determination of a child’s expected arm length is dependent on his or her height, age, and sex, while the calculation of a child’s expected forearm length depends on his or her weight, age, and sex. Male and female arms and forearms have similar growth rates of lengths and circumferences. No significant differences were found between right and left extremities for each of the 4 measurements taken. Conclusions: Contralateral limbs can be used for comparison of length and circumference of the arm and forearm in cases of unilateral upper extremity abnormality. The establishment of normal values for upper extremity length, circumference, and growth rate will be a useful diagnostic tool for upper extremity hypoplasia and hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Predictors of Change in Plasma Total Cysteine: Longitudinal Findings from the Hordaland Homocysteine Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina El-Khairy ◽  
Stein E Vollset ◽  
Helga Refsum ◽  
Per M Ueland
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Predictors Of Change

Abstract Background: Total cysteine (tCys) in plasma has recently been linked to cardiovascular risk and is also associated with cardiovascular risk factors, including body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol. Changes and predictors of change in tCys concentrations over a mean follow-up time of 6.0 (5.2–7.2) years were assessed in this study. Methods: Baseline data from the Hordaland Homocysteine Study recorded in 1992–1993 included tCys, total homocysteine (tHcy), and various lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. In 1998–1999, the same measurements were repeated in 3732 individuals born in 1950–1951 and 3339 individuals born in 1925–1927. Most of the statistical analyses were done separately in the four age and sex groups. Results: The overall mean values of tCys were higher at follow-up [mean (SD), 296 (41) μmol/L] than at baseline [278 (36.5) μmol/L]; P &lt;0.0001. The mean percentage of increase in tCys in the different age and sex groups ranged from 4.9% to 8.5%. There was a significant correlation between the tCys values measured on the two occasions (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.55–0.59 in the different age and sex groups; P &lt;0.0001). The change in tCys correlated with changes in BMI, cholesterol, and diastolic blood pressure in the younger age group, whereas only changes in BMI predicted changes in tCys in the older age group. Conclusions: tCys increased in the 6 years between the two measurements. Factors related to the baseline tCys values, including BMI and the change in BMI, predicted the tCys changes over time.

Clinical and pathological significance of sibling Graves' disease

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Tanaka ◽  
Shoichi Katayama ◽  
Kanji Kuma ◽  
Hajime Tamai ◽  
Fumio Matsuzuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subtotal Thyroidectomy ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract. The clinical picture and serum antithyroid antibodies in 16 pairs of siblings with Graves' disease were compared with an age and sex matched group of 32 patients with Graves' disease who did not have a family history of any thyroid disease (control patients). There was a significant difference in frequency and mean titres of antibodies to thyroglobulin between sibling patients. (positive 76.0%) and control patients (positive 40.0%), but not in microsomal antibodies (sibling; positive 92.0%, control; 92.0%). There were no significant differences in the mean values of 24 h 131I-thyroidal uptake, serum T3U, serum T4 and T3 concentrations before treatment between the two groups. Lymphoid follicles and degeneration of the epithelia were more often found in the thyroid glands of sibling patients than in those of the control patients, when 32 (16 sibling, 16 control) thyroid glands from the same groups in the clinical study, including antibody series, were examined pathologically after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Moreover, there was a strong tendency to increased lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration in the thyroid glands of sibling patients with Graves' disease. The findings might indicate that Graves' disease is closely related to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, especially in sibling patients with Graves' disease.

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