scholarly journals Social capital as a constitutive element of public security

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Monika Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Democratic Relations

When looking for new solutions to the old social problems, people pay attention to important issues for the good functioning of today’s society, including interpersonal relations, trust, or standards. The term “social capital” has been used for several decades to describe and explain social and political as well as economic changes that took place as a result of the social and economic transformation. It also refers to activities including, among others, the creation of partnerships and democratic relations in local communities in which the social capital forms a basis of permanent networks of social involvement, trust, and mutuality. The purpose of this article is to present the benefits of the local community arising from social capital resources and their positive impact on public safety.

The role of public libraries in the development of social capital in local communities – a theoretical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-196
Author(s):  
Maja Dorota Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

PurposeSocial capital, understood as intangible community values available through a network of connections, is a factor in the development of societies and improving quality of life. It helps to remove economic inequalities and prevent poverty and social exclusion, stimulate social and regional development, civic attitudes and social engagement and build a civic society as well as local and regional identity. Many of these tasks may be implemented by libraries, which, apart from providing access to information, may also offer a number of services associated with social needs. The purpose of this paper is to present the roles and functions that libraries may serve in local communities in terms of assistance, integration and development based on classical social capital theories.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the classical concepts of social capital in the context of libraries. It analyses the findings of Pierre-Félix Bourdieu, James Coleman, Francis Fukuyama, Robert Putnam, Nan Lin, Ronald Stuart Burt, Wayne Baker and Alejandro Portes. Based on their respective concepts, the paper analyses the role of the contemporary library in the social life of local communities. In particular, it focuses on the possible new functions that public libraries may serve.FindingsA critical review of the concept of social capital revealed certain dependencies between libraries and their neighbourhoods. With new services that respond to the actual social needs, libraries may serve as a keystone, namely they may integrate, animate and engage local communities. This, however, requires a certain approach to be adopted by the personnel and governing authorities as well as infrastructure and tangible resources.Originality/valueThe social engagement of libraries is usually described from the practical perspective (reports on the services provided) or in the context of research on the impact of respective projects on specific groups of users (research reports). A broader approach, based on original social theories, is rarely encountered. The paper draws on classical concepts of social capital and is a contribution to the discussion on possible uses of those concepts based on an analysis of the role of libraries in social life and in strengthening the social capital of local communities.

BUILDING COMMITMENT OF THE BENEFICIARIES OF THE PROJECT „POTENTIALS – NEW FORMS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL BUILDING IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF PRZASNYSZ”. PERSPECTIVES AND LIMITATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22T (1 (tematyczny)) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Kinga Pawłowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Community Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Capital Building ◽  
Social Project ◽  
Building Methods

This paper explores the issue of building beneficiaries’ commitment to the social project. Building beneficiaries’ commitment is difficult and complicated, but necessary to achieve the project’s goals. The paper presents experiences of individuals who organise activities in the Potentials… project, namely activities of those who have been responsible for building involvement of the projects’ benfciaries. The author presents conclusions of her qualitative research into the local community/project concerning commitment building methods, the difficulties connected with it and some suggestions concerning the project implementation in the future.

scholarly journals Social Capital Household Welfare and Poverty: Evidence from Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 467-482
Author(s):  
Nuzhat Ahmad ◽  
Mahpara Sadaqa
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Household Welfare ◽  
Heterogeneity Index ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Welfare And Poverty ◽  
The Relationship

The research addresses the missing link between social capital and analyses of household welfare and poverty. First the relationship between social capital and household welfare is analysed using a social capital index and a heterogeneity index. The social capital index is calculated using different dimensions: density of membership, attendance at meetings, cash and kind contributions and decision making in local organisations/associations. Heterogeneity index is based on differences in incomes, ethnicity, education and political affiliations in the composition of organisations. Endogeneity of social capital with household expenditure is tested through an Instrumental Variable approach. The relationship between social capital and probability of being poor is analysed through a logit model. The analysis uses data collected form 1050 households in and around the cities of Karachi, Lahore and Quetta. The main results indicate that social capital (however measured) has a positive impact on the welfare of the household. The study concludes that social capital and human capital have the same returns. A powerful result of the research is that households with social capital at their disposal are likely to be less poor and that poverty is less when households share risks though building associations and through collective action. The research has some policy implications which can be useful in building up social capital in the country.

scholarly journals Wpływ kapitału społecznego mieszkańców na kształtowanie przestrzeni wspólnych w środowisku mieszkaniowym

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Anna Cudny
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
National Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Influence of social capital of inhabitants on shaping common spaces in a housing environment The last two decades of the century have brought unusually many changes in the built environment. These include not only changes directly related to the emergence of a new urban fabric, but also changes in social attitudes towards common spaces located in residential areas. The built environment has never been evaluated so strongly. This assessment translates not only into the everyday outdoor activities of residents (necessary, optional and social activities), but also to economic projects (purchase, sale and rental of real estate). At the same time, the city ceases to be, as it has been so far, mainly subjected to criticism, and the residents are gradually changing their demanding attitude concerning the development of space to participate in the process of its creation. Society wants to have a real impact on urban space, especially on the space closest to them. Thus, the right to the city is no longer a privilege or a duty, but it becomes a need. Trying to meet this need results in a phenomenon which we can increasingly observe in Poland, and which we have been witnessing abroad for many years: activities in public space are changing into activities for public space. They include the transformation of common spaces related to the place of residence—improving their aesthetic quality, functional changes, modernization of development elements. Observing numerous examples of public participation in shaping public spaces, it was noticed that the initiation, course and effects of activities largely depend on the social capital of the group undertaking said activity. Accordingly, there is a need for research on the mutual relation between the level of social capital and the issue of shaping and managing public space with the participation of local communities, which will be the main topic of the paper. To investigate the above-mentioned issue, qualitative research methods were used in relation to the relationship: site visit, non-participant observation and focus interviews. This contributed to a comparative study of three selected Warsaw case studies. They were analysed in terms of meeting the qualitative criteria selected for the study. These criteria have been indicated on the basis of the Social Capital Development Strategy 2020, which is one of the parts of the Medium-Term National Development Strategy. The result of the analyses is an indication of derived factors from within the group of space users and external factors that have a positive and negative impact on initiating, carrying out and maintaining the effects of changes in common spaces developed with the participation of local communities in Polish conditions. The conclusions can be used to improve future participation processes related to urban space - both by non-professionals participating in them, as well as experts - architects and town planners.

scholarly journals tugas review artikel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlika Anindya Putri
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to develop a structural equation model to explain the complexrelationship between social network and firm performance by introducing the mediating role of trust, sellingcapability and pricing capability.Design/methodology/approach – The research model with hypothesis development was derived basedon the literature. To provide empirical evidence, this study carried out a survey in which the data wereequated with a list of questionnaires with a random survey of 380 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) inthe Indonesian context.Findings – This study indicates that the use of social media in management process will not affect theincreasing firm performance, unless the firms build trust upon social networks. The social network with trustallows the firms to gain a pricing capability and a selling capability, which brings a positive impact on firmperformance. The results also show that the selling and the pricing capabilities become essential following theutilizing the social media, which concerns on trust building.Research limitations/implications – This study focused on the small-to-medium context, which hasconventionally provided an exemplary site for the development of social capital theory but raises issues ofgeneralizability across different contexts.Practical implications – To the managers, it is advisable to encourage their employees to consciouslyexploit the selling capability by enhancing the business networks via social media to achieve the firmperformance.Originality/value – This paper contributes to the social capital theory by explaining the mediating role oftrust in the complex relationship between social network and firm performance. This study provides evidencethat trust plays a pivotal role in social networks, which enable the observed firms to achieve the performance.

scholarly journals Dampak Pengembangan Hidden Canyon Beji Guwang Sebagai Destinasi Wisata Terhadap Perekonomian Masyarakat Lokal Di Desa Guwang Kecamatan Sukawati Gianyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Ayu Diva Septiyani Putri Sugianta ◽  
I Nyoman Sunarta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Data Source

Tourism is designed to be a number one source of foreign exchange in Indonesia. But the development of toursm and tourist destination will definitely have an economic impact whether it’s positive impact or negative impact. As well as development in tourist destinationHidden Canyon Beji Guwang. This research aims to find out what is the participation of local community in the development of Hidden Canyon Beji Guwangand to find out what is the economic impactof it. The data used in this research is qualitative and quantitative data. Primary data source data and secondary data source. This research used descriptive qualitative method. Which is obtained through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Informant determination is done bypurposive sampling technique.                   The results of this research is tourist destinationHidden Canyon Beji Guwangmanagement derived entirely from the participation of local communities in Desa Guwang. Economic impact which is more dominantly felt by the local communities because the management system is only employs local people from Guwang Village whosemost of them are dropped out of school.                                                                                            Keywords: Economic Impact, Participation of Local Communities, Tourism Destination, Hidden Canyon Beji Guwang

Community rebuilding processes in a disaster-damaged area through community currency

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Nakazato ◽  
Seunghoo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Currency ◽  
Community Rebuilding ◽  
Potential Tool

Purpose Community currency (CC) is used as a tool for reviving local communities by promoting economic growth and facilitating the formation of social capital. Although the Japanese CC movement has stagnated since mid-2005, a new experiment, Fukkou Ouen Chiiki Tsuka (CC for supporting disaster recovery), was introduced across disaster-damaged areas after the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami of March 2011. Previous studies assessing the role of CC in these earthquake-damaged areas are rare; the purpose of this paper is to examine the micro processes of community rebuilding that underlie the transactional networks mediated by one of the experiments, Domo, in Kamaishi. Design/methodology/approach Using transactional records capturing residents’ CC activities during the five-month pilot period before actual implementation of Domo simultaneous investigation for empirical network analysis techniques identify the network configuration dynamics representing the multiple observed forms of social capital in this disaster-affected local community. Findings This study of the five-month pilot for the Domo system revealed: intensive dependence on the coordinating role of core members (i.e. the creation of weak ties), a lack of balanced support among members and the resulting uni-directional transactions (i.e. the avoidance of generalized exchanges), and the reinforcement of previous transactional ties via reciprocation or transitive triads (i.e. the formation of strong ties). Originality/value This study provides guidance for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers on how community residents’ engagement in CC activities could function as a potential tool for generating positive socio-economic effects for local communities in disaster areas.

scholarly journals DAMPAK KEBERADAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELUANG USAHA BAGI MASYARAKAT SEKITAR KAMPUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Netti Nurlenawati
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan persepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan Universitas Buana Perjuangan (UBP) Karawang serta menganalisis dampak berdirinya UBP Karawang terhadap peluang-peluang usaha di sekitar kampus. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan fenomena secara kualitatif yang terdapat di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus tunggal (Single Case Study). Penelitian dilaksanakan di lokasi sekitar kampus UBP Karawang (radius 500 m), Desa Puseurjaya dan Sirnabaya dan Sirnabaya Kecamatan Telukjambe Timur Karawang. Dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling.. Responden terdiri dari para pedagang di sekitar kampus UBP Karawang, tokoh masyarakat, serta unsur pimpinan UBP Karawang. Sedangkan waktu penelitian mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan perguruan tinggi di Puseurjaya dan Sirnabaya memberikan dampak yang positif bagi masyarakat umum yaitu pertama membuka peluang usaha sehingga banyak tenaga kerja yang terserap, baik itu membuka usaha sendiri maupun bekerja pada pengusaha lain. Kedua memunculkan motivasi bagi anak-anak setempat untuk melanjutkan pendidikan pada jenjang tertinggi, sehingga pada akhirnya nanti dapat membangun daerahnya. Walaupun peluang untuk usaha di sekitar kampus UBP Karawang sangat besar, tetapi belum dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat setempat berupa rendahnya motivasi, kurangnya keberanian menanggung resiko serta kurangnya permodalan sehingga tidak dapat bersaing dengan pengusaha pendatang. Kata Kunci: dampak, perguruan tinggi, peluang usaha, masyarakat sekitar kampus. ABSTRACT THE IMPACT OF UNIVERSITY EXISTENCE IN IMPROVING BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES The objective of this research is to describe the perception of communities towards the existence of Universitas Buana Perjuangan (UBP) Karawang and to analyze the impact of UBP Karawang’s establishment in improving business opportunities around the campus. This is a descriptive-qualitative research aimed to describe the phenomenon that exists in the research location qualitatively. The research uses a single case study. The research was done around the location of UBP campus (radius of 500 m), Puseurjaya village and Sirnabaya sub-district East Telukjambe Karawang using pusposive sampling. The respondents consisted of merchants around the campus, public figures, and high officials of UBP Karawang. The research was done from January to August 2017. The result of the research suggested that the existence of a university in Puseurjaya and Sirnabaya gives a positive impact for the general communities. Firstly, giving business opportunities such that a lot of manpower are needed, either to open one’s own business of work for another entrepreneur. Secondly, giving the local children motivation to continue to higher education so that they can develop their region in the future. Although the business opportunities around UBP Karawang campus is very big, they still cannot be utilized fully by the local community. The problem faced by the local community consisting of low motivation, lacking courage to take risk, and lacking fund so that they cannot compete with the entrepreneurs that come from outside of the region. Keywords: impact, university, business opportunity, communities around university

scholarly journals Local community participation in rhino conservation - Key to conservation success.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADMIRE CHANYANDURA
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Rhino Poaching

A robust framework to guide community engagement in illegal wildlife trade is lacking. There is a need to reconnect local communities with their original wildlife, a connection which they have lost through the influence of colonialism and neo-colonialism. Virtually all conservation bodies and players believe that local communities are key to the success of rhino conservation but they are not equally walking their talk. Bottom-up community-based initiatives help to curb poaching especially level one poachers. The multifaceted problem of African rhino poaching on the continent is approaching calamitous proportions, with astounding, sobering statistics revealing the sheer extent of the illegal practice today. The interplay of rhino horn demand and supply side is fuelled by poverty, greed, superstition, corruption, social injustice, ruthlessness, and ignorance. Economic transformation benefiting wildlife and communities is key to save the rhinoceros species. Rhino properties should provide direct financial benefits to communities, building capacity and engage community members and private landowners in rhinoceros conservation. Rhino protection should be incentivized, continuously increasing the number of people benefiting from conservation, and decreasing animosity toward wildlife will motivate local people to fully embrace conservation efforts. Conservation efforts should first target level one poachers who are vulnerable and exposed, by developing a comprehensive profitable and lucrative community participation packages in all rhino properties. Conservationists should walk their talk and genuinely work with local communities to build support for rhino conservation through education, awareness, self-sustaining business ventures and employment.

scholarly journals Pembangunan Obyek Wisata Berbasis Komunitas Lokal pada Jorong Kaluang Tapi, Nagari Koto Tangah, Kecamatan Tilatang Kamang, Kabupaten Agam

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Lusi Andam Suri
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Type Data

The development of Banto Royo tourism object, there is a social process in the form of cooperationbetween the local community of Jorong Kaluang. But with the initiator and sole investor, namely Ir. H. AndiSyahrandi. The objectives of this study are (1) To identify the process of developing Banto Royo tourism objects(2) to describe the forms of cooperation in the development of Banto Royo tourism objects. This study uses aqualitative approach with a descriptive type to understand the objectives. To understand this research, thetheory used is the social exchange from Peter M. Blau. The method used is a qualitative method and descriptiveresearch type. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews and observation and documentationcollection. Research informants were taken by purposive sampling (intentionally). The study found that duringthe Banto Royo planning process, local communities and investors held deliberations that resulted inagreements such as land loan agreements, profit sharing, and also the recruitment of workers. During theimplementation process, the construction of Banto Royo was carried out in cooperation with the localcommunity. In the monitoring and evaluation process, local people who become officers have various rules andregulations. The next result is a form of cooperation contained in the construction of Banto Royo such asmutual cooperation carried out by local communities and resulting in agreements, and cooperation with otherparties in various activities that reflect community-based tourism development.

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