scholarly journals The use of deep-laid pits when using precipitation runoff for irrigation in the mountain-piedmont zone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. Degtyareva ◽  
◽  
S. M. Vasilyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Sheet Pile ◽  
Soil Movement ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Piedmont Zone ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Pile Model

Purpose: to study the effect of nonlinear soil movement in a deep-laid pit when designing an above-ground reservoir for irrigation as part of a system for regulating the precipitation runoff in the mountain-piedmont zone, subject to the technical regulations on the structure safety and subsequent safe operation. Materials and methods: the construction of a deep-laid pit in difficult geological design conditions in the mountain-piedmont zone of a hydraulic structure, which is responsible in terms of safety, namely, a system for regulating the rainfall runoff for irrigating agricultural land, prompted us to a more detailed study of measures to prevent soil uplift. In the analysis two conditions were modeled, namely, the construction of a deep-laid pit for an above-ground reservoir in the mountain-piedmont zone for irrigation without measures to prevent soil uplift and with appropriate measures. Results and discussion: when analyzing the results of soil uplift calculation without taking additional measures, it is stated that the soil uplift has a negative impact on the reservoir and in this case the hydraulic structure safety is not ensured. As an alternative option, the use of pit sheathing with a Larsen sheet pile model VL606a is considered. As a result of numerical modeling using the MIDAS software product, which made it possible to take into account all the factors necessary for solving such problems, it was found that the indicators are included in the confidence zone and, as a result, this structure will meet all safety requirements. Conclusions: when constructing a deep-laid pit without additional measures, the soil uplift is 52.5 cm, and when arranging additional measures in the form of a sheet pile – 1.97 cm, which must be taken into account when designing an above ground reservoir for irrigation as part of a system for regulating the precipitation runoff in a mountain-piedmont zone.

scholarly journals The Prediction and Assessment of the Impacts of Soil Sealing on Agricultural Land in the North Nile Delta (Egypt) Using Satellite Data and GIS Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehab Hendawy ◽  
A. A. Belal ◽  
E. S. Mohamed ◽  
Abdelaziz Elfadaly ◽  
Beniamino Murgante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Gis Modeling ◽  
Soil Sealing ◽  
The North

Soil sealing is currently one of the most critical barriers to sustainable development, particularly in developing countries such as Egypt. Agriculture is a major component of the Egyptian economy and the country’s main source of food security. Urbanization is devouring vast areas of agricultural land, and therefore, in the present study, urbanization was used to determine the degree of soil sealing in a region of Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. In this work, remote sensing data were used to monitor changes in land use and land cover (LULC) between 1984 and 2016. A field survey and population data were also used in the analysis. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to produce LULC maps of the study area. An accuracy assessment was performed by calculating overall accuracy and individual kappa coefficients. Additionally, soil sealing was assessed using data from 1984 to 2016, and the potential expansion of soil sealing until 2048 was simulated using the cellular automata (CA)–Markov model. Our analysis showed that in the study area (i) about 90% of the soils had soil capability degrees between class II and class III; (ii) soil sealing was not uniformly distributed in the study area; (iii) between 1984 and 2016, the area of soil sealing in fertile soils due to urbanization increased by 19,500 hectares; and (iv) between 1984 and 2000, the urban area increased by around 29%, whereas between 2000 and 2010 it increased by around 43.6%. The results suggest that the magnitude of soil sealing is a good indicator of the soil loss rate and the potential for agricultural development in the Nile Delta. The model predicted that by 2048 an area of 32,290 hectares of agricultural soil will be lost to urbanization. This study indicates that the change of LULC has a negative impact on soil sealing. Between 2000 and 2010, the area of agricultural land decreased by 4%, despite an increase in land reclamation in the north of the study area. The amount of soil sealing was found to increase towards the southeast and northeast of the study area, except for the northern parts, where the amount of soil sealing increased towards the east. Our analyses and forecasts are useful for decision-makers responsible for soil-sealing mitigation strategies and soil-sealing protection plans in the Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt.

Relocatable Tide Prediction and Storm Surge Forecasting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Prime
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Storm Surge Forecasting

The marine environment represents a large and important resource for communities around the world. However, the marine environment increasingly presents hazards that can have a large negative impact. One important marine hazard results from storms and their accompanying surges. This can lead to coastal flooding, particularly when surge and astronomical high tides align, with resultant impacts such as destruction of property, saline degradation of agricultural land and coastal erosion. Where tide and storm surge information are provided and accessed in a timely, accurate and understandable way, the data can provide: 1. Evidence for planning: Statistics of past conditions such as the probability of extreme event occurrence can be used to help plan improvements to coastal infrastructure that are able to withstand and mitigate the hazard from a given extreme event. 2. Early warning systems: Short term forecasts of storm surge allow provide early warnings to coastal communities enabling them to take actions to allow them to withstand extreme events, e.g. deploy flood prevention measures or mobilise emergency response measures. Data regarding sea level height can be provided from various in-situ observations such as tide gauges and remote observations such as satellite altimetry. However, to provide a forecast at high spatial and temporal resolution a dynamic ocean model is used. Over recent decades the National Oceanography Centre has been a world leading in developing coastal ocean models. This paper will present our progress on a current project to develop an information system for the Madagascan Met Office. The project, C-RISC, being executed in partnership with Sea Level Research Ltd, is translating the current modelling capability of NOC in storm surge forecasting and tidal prediction into a system that will provide information that can be easily transferred to other regions and is scalable to include other hazard types The outcome, an operational high-resolution storm surge warning system that is easy to relocate, will directly benefit coastal communities, giving them information they need to make effective decisions before and during extreme storm surge events.

Response of Hydrological Process to Climate Change of Basins with Different Glacier Ratio in the Tibet Plateau

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Fan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
Rainfall Runoff

<p>The glacier ratio influences both the contribution of meltwater runoff and the response of the basin's hydrological processes to climate change. In this study, the Karuxung, the Tuotuo and the Babao river basins with glaciers accounting for 20.7%, 2.1% and 0.38% respectively, were selected to study their hydrological processes under the climate change. Based on the daily runoff data of 30 years and MODIS snow cover products, the J2000 model was applied to quantify the contribution of meltwater and rainfall runoff, analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of runoff and clarify the influence of climate change on these three basin. The main findings are as follows: (1) The contribution of glacier and snow melt runoff for the Karuxung, Tuotuo and Babao river basin was 60.7%, 25.3% and 19.9%, respectively. The contribution of rainfall runoff for the three basins was 39.3%, 74.7% and 81.1%, respectively. (2) The peak of glacier and snow melt runoff converted from summer to spring with the glacier ratio decreasing. (3) The runoff supplies in the Karuxung, Tuotuo and Babao river basin were from the 5500m-6500m, 4500m-5500m zone, and 3500m-4500m elevation zone, respectively. (4) The runoff and its components in the Karuxung and Tuotuo river basins showed significant increasing trends while the Babao river basin showed no significant change trends. (5) In the Karuxung river basin with large glacier ratio, the increase in temperature mainly caused the increase of meltwater and runoff, showing a positive impact on runoff. For the Tuotuo and Babao river basin with small glacier ratios, the increase in temperature mainly caused increased evaporation and reduced runoff, showing a negative impact on runoff.</p>

scholarly journals GLOBALIZING DESERTIFICATION AND DROUGHT PROBLEM: THE VULNERABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (50) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
International System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Food Vulnerability

This study focuses globally on the effects of desertification and drought on agricultural lands. Desertification, which shows more its effects from region to region all over the world and particularly on certain continents, contains factors that will disturb the human future. One of these negative factors is the risk of creating food vulnerability by directly damaging agricultural areas. The risk of desertification reducing the quality of human life and threatening other living plants and habitats is a very important issue that should be highlighted by the international system. In this context, the study draws attention to the negative impact of global desertification, as well as the reduction of agricultural and arable land and the risks of declining crop yields. Among other problems caused by desertification, the study emphasizes socio-economic instability due to migration and climate-related conflicts, world hunger and lack of grain and food. In the study, the literature on global desertification, drought and arable agricultural land was searched and selected source information from the literature is included in the study. In addition, the study was supported by maps, graphs, and tables, as well as desertification researches and analyzes. Due to the limitation of the pages, other factors, such as global warming triggering desertification, have not been addressed, and environmental issues, which are directly damaged by desertification other than arable agricultural areas, are excluded from the field of this study. Keywords: Desertification, drought, arable agriculture, food insecurity, hunger, vulnerability

scholarly journals DAMPAK ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN PERTANIAN CENGKEH TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI PETANI (Studi Kasus Petani Pemilik Lahan di Kelurahan Kumelembuai Kecamatan Tomohon Timur)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3A) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
River Pieter Tandaju ◽  
Elsje P. Manginsela ◽  
Nordy F. L. Waney
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Social Side ◽  
The Impact

The research aims to describe the impact of the conversion of agricultural land of cloves to the socio-economic condition of farmers. The study was conducted from May to July 2017. The data used are primary data obtained through interviews to 5 (five) respondents who sell land for land converted. Secondary data is obtained from Tetetana Hill nature reserve, Kumelembuai village government, books and journals. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The research results showed that viewed from the economic side, land conversion has a positive impact for the farmers family and local society. Positive impacts for farmers family include increasing the income, helping to construction the house of farmers, opening up a new farming businesses, and for local society like existence of jobs. Viewed from the social side, land conversion has positive and negative impacts, that is: change of farmers family life status (positive impact), and the influence of visitor habits toward society (negative impact).

scholarly journals Multiple Temporal Scales Assessment in the Hydrological Response of Small Mediterranean Catchments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Fortesa ◽  
Julian García-Comendador ◽  
Aleix Calsamiglia ◽  
Miquel Tomàs-Burguera ◽  
Jérôme Latron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Hydrological Variability ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Annual Scale

Mediterranean catchments are characterized by significant spatial and temporal hydrological variability caused by the interaction of natural as well human-induced abiotic and biotic factors. This study investigates the (non-)linearity rainfall-runoff relationship at multiple temporal scales in representative small Mediterranean catchments (i.e., < 10 km2) to achieve a better understanding of the hydrological response. Rainfall-runoff relationship was evaluated in 44 catchments at annual and event –203 events in 12 of these 44 catchments– scales. A linear rainfall-runoff relation was observed at annual scale with higher scatter in pervious than impervious catchments. Larger scattering was observed at event scale, although pervious lithology and agricultural land use promoted significant rainfall-runoff linear relations in winter and spring. These relationships were particularly analysed during five hydrological years in Es Fangar catchment (3.35 km2; Mallorca, Spain) as a temporal downscaling to assess intra-annual variability in which antecedent wetness conditions played a significant role in runoff generation.

scholarly journals MODELING OF THE OPTIMAL DISTRIBUTION OF MOTORWAY OVERPASSES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE A4 MOTORWAY SECTION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław BACIOR ◽  
Barbara PRUS ◽  
Małgorzata DUDZIŃSKA
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Alternative Location ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Impact

The developed, innovative method of estimating the impact of motorway on agricultural land allows determination of all the losses associated with the directions of this impact. The basis for the determination of losses is the analysis of variability in land use and the quality classes and location of access roads to the land along the axis of the planned motorway. The approved measure of the multidirectional impact of the motorway on agricultural land is a change in the value of land, which is designated taking into account the differentiation of their suitability for agricultural production. The developed method of determining the impact of motorway on agricultural land was presented on the example of A4 motorway section between Bratkowice and Mrowla. The existing section of motorway was assessed and then for the same section the calculations were made again, but with an alternative location of the motorway overpasses. In the case of the existing section, the construction of one kilometer of the section of motorway under consideration will result in a reduction in the value of agricultural land of 1725 cereal units. Acquisition of land for the construction of the motorway and its negative impact cover about 69% of the total reduction in value of agricultural land. The remaining 31% of the land value reduction is related to the increase in transport and the deterioration of the parcels layout. On the other hand, in the case of the section with alternative arrangement of viaducts, the value of agricultural land is reduced of 1538 cereal units. Acquisition of land under construction and its toxic impact will be equal 75%, while the combined effect of transport growth and deterioration of the layout makes 25%.

scholarly journals Kewirausahaan Kelompok Wanita Tani Sebagai Penggerak Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kampung Eduwisata Hanjeli Desa Waluran Mandiri Kecamatan Waluran Kabupaten Sukabumi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Ashrul Tsani ◽  
Neneng Kartika Rini ◽  
Iwan Rizal Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Entrepreneurship Training ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Job’S Tears ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

The decrease of the community’s carrying capacity in Waluran Mandiri Village in the utilization of potential land resources has resulted in the change of abandoned agricultural land into illegal mining, which in turn creates negative impact to the environment surrounding it. This sad reality is also saddled with the large number of women who become migrant workers abroad. (baiknya di sini ditambahin satu kalimat yg menjadi penghubung dari masalah ke situasi yg ada, misalnya: However, the village is gifted with an abundance of Job’s tears locally called Hanjeli.) The cultivation of Job’s tears as an effort to empower the community has been initiated with the concept implementation of the Hanjeli Eduwisata Village. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of woman farmer groups’ empowerment in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village, and to analyze the business of hanjeli products carried out through the groups’ entrepreneurial activities. The study used a survey method with purposive sampling of a group of woman farmers located in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village, Waluran Mandiri Village, Sukabumi Regency. The data were then analyzed using descriptive quantitative method by presenting tabulations and diagrams. The results showed that the community empowerment of former migrant workers in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village was pioneered by a woman's farmer group named Mekar Mandiri through an entrepreneurial process. Furthermore, the empowerment activities were carried out in stages, namely: establishing business working groups and entrepreneurship training, forming farmer groups, revitalizing abandoned land, and carrying out entrepreneurship training programs regarding cultivation techniques, product processing as well as marketing of Hanjeli products. Even though the average production of Hanjeli was low due to intercropping and intercropping with huma rice on an average land area of 0.43 ha, Hanjeli farming still provided benefits to Mekar Mandiri woman farming group in two growing seasons per one year. Likewise, the the business of processed Hanjeli products by KWT Mekar Mandiri showed a positive profit margin. To increase the woman farming group’s entrepreneurial efforts in the cultivation and processing of hanjeli, the application of branding, packaging, and marketing strategies for local food products integrated with online media for the promotion of Hanjeli tourism village were introduced.

scholarly journals POLICY OF THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Vladimir Grigor'ev ◽  
Van Lok Nugen ◽  
Rustam Nizamov ◽  
Igor Grigorev
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
The Republic

In connection with the development of the Republic of Vietnam, which is accompanied by the growth of its importance in the Asia-Pacific region, it becomes relevant to analyze the current state and prospects of the republic in various industries and regions, including in agriculture. In order to eliminate the imbalance between the declining share of agricultural production in the national economy and more than 60% of the population living in rural areas, a competent state policy in the field of integrated rural development is necessary. In addition to this disparity, there are growing problems associated with the income gap between the peasantry and urban residents, with a strong orientation of agriculture towards exports, and with the implementation of the idea of creating peasant cooperative farms. To date, the basis for working with rural areas is the resolution of the Communist Party of Vietnam “Agriculture, farmers and rural areas” adopted in August 2008. On its basis, the “National target program - New rural development” was created, designed for the period from 2010 to 2020. Data analysis showed that the area of agricultural land in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam gradually increase, and the cropping pattern change, for example, reduces the area of rice fields and increases the area occupied by permanent crops, especially fruit. Production of grain per capita has been steadily decreasing. In animal husbandry, there is a gradual transition from small-scale dispersed production to its concentration on large farms. The measures taken for the development of agriculture are aimed, among other things, at minimizing the negative impact on the environment and introducing modern achievements of science and technology in order to increase the economic efficiency of production. At the same time, Vietnam’s food security in general cannot be called sustainable, especially because of the need to import barley, without which Vietnam’s livestock farms cannot feed their existing livestock

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