scholarly journals Climatic factors of the Volga runoff variability in the second half of 20th – early 21st centuries

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
V. V. Popova ◽  
E. D. Babina ◽  
A. G. Georgiadi
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Spring Runoff ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Warming Hiatus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Annual Amount ◽  
Liquid Precipitation

The relation of the Volga runoff to the change of climatic factors, significant for the river runoff, is considered since the middle of the last century. The quantitative estimates of the impact of precipitation anomalies (taking into account the solid and liquid phase) on the variability of the annual runoff of the Volga show that the leading role of solid precipitation is detected in the period preceding the current warming (from the early 1950s to the mid-1970s), and also from the mid-1990s, with the onset of warming hiatus. From the mid-1970s to the 1990s, during the period of winter temperature growth, a significant increase in the role of liquid precipitation and their dominance in the variability of the Volga's runoff is observed. The differences between these periods are also noticeable in the percentage of liquid precipitation in the annual amount, which in turn has an ambiguous effect on the spring runoff of the Volga. The long-term trends of spring runoff and the share of liquid precipitation (in annual amount) before and after the mid-1970s coincide in sign. In the same time, there is a negative correlation between the anomalies of these parameters in interannual scale. The last indicates a decrease in the volume of runoff in the years of increasing the proportion of liquid precipitation.  

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

scholarly journals Dominant climatic factors driving annual runoff changes at the catchment scale across China

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2573-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Hanbo Yang ◽  
Dawen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. With global climate changes intensifying, the hydrological response to climate changes has attracted more attention. It is beneficial not only for hydrology and ecology but also for water resource planning and management to understand the impact of climate change on runoff. In addition, there are large spatial variations in climate type and geographic characteristics across China. To gain a better understanding of the spatial variation of the response of runoff to changes in climatic factors and to detect the dominant climatic factors driving changes in annual runoff, we chose the climate elasticity method proposed by Yang and Yang (2011). It is shown that, in most catchments of China, increasing air temperature and relative humidity have negative impacts on runoff, while declining net radiation and wind speed have positive impacts on runoff, which slow the overall decline in runoff. The dominant climatic factors driving annual runoff are precipitation in most parts of China, net radiation mainly in some catchments of southern China, air temperature and wind speed mainly in some catchments in northern China.

scholarly journals What Kind Of Capitalism For Azerbaijan? A Comparative Analysis From Economic View

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Ayhan Guney ◽  
Ilkin M. Sabiroglu ◽  
Cihan Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Historical Periods

Every country has experienced various capital accumulation processes due to their own specific conditions. Differences in these conditions have ensured various countries to enter the process of economic development in dissimilar historical periods. Due to the central characteristics of the previous command economic system and the impact of powerful heritage from the USSR on the bureaucratic administration, Azerbaijan is still having difficulties in transitioning to a free-market economy. Today, the transition to an open market economy for Azerbaijan is not completely realized. This research attempts to investigate the major factors of the formation process of the capitalist economic structure in Azerbaijan before and after the demise of the Soviet Union.It focused on the fundamental role of oil and relatively, the agricultural sector and also looked into the types of capitalism the country is currently experiencing based upon certain criteria and statistical indicators.

scholarly journals PENGARUH REVIU RKA-K/L OLEH APIP TERHADAP EFISIENSI ALOKASI ANGGARAN KEMENTERIAN AGAMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Edy Effendi ◽  
Muhammad Imron
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Research on the role of the APIP review of the Ministry/agency Work Plan and Budget document to determine the impact on the efficiency of ministry/agency spending (case study at the Ministry of Religion). The method used in this study uses simple linear regression with dummy. The use of linear regression is used to examine the relationship between independent variables (certain types of expenditure) and dependent variables (total expenditure). Whereas, dummy is used to find out before and after the APIP review is done. Throughout the author's search, this research has never been done. Based on the results of linear regression obtained, the APIP review significantly had a positive effect on official travel expenditure and honorarium but did not significantly affect building spending and equipment. Abstrak   Penelitian atas peran reviu APIP atas dokumen Rencana Kerja dan Anggaran Kementerian Negara/Lembaga untuk mengetahui dampaknya terhadap efisiensi belanja kementerian/lembaga (studi kasus pada Kementerian Agama). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linier sederhana dengan dummy. Penggunaan regresi liner digunakan untuk meneliti hubungan antara variable independen (jenis belanja tertentu) dan variable dependen (total belanja). Sedangkan, dummy digunakan untuk mengetahui sebelum dan setelah reviu APIP dilakukan. Sepanjang penelusuran penulis, penelitian ini belum pernah dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil regresi linier diperoleh, reviu APIP signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap  belanja perjalanan dinas dan honorarium tetapi tidak signifikan berbengaruh terhadap belanja gedung dan alat.

scholarly journals Audit committee quality and audit report lag: the role of mandatory adoption of IFRS in Saudi companies

Accounting ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Mahfod Mobarak Aldoseri ◽  
Nasr Taha Hassan ◽  
Magdy Melegy Abd El Hakim Melegy
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Audit Report ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mandatory Adoption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weak Influence

This paper aims to examine the effect of audit committee characteristics on audit report lag, and also explores whether this effect will vary between before and after mandatory adoption of IFRS in Saudi listed companies. Based on a Saudi sample of 388 firm-year observations from 2015 to 2018, the Poisson regression analysis shows that among audit committee characteristics, only audit committee financial experience significantly influences the timing of financial reporting. The result indicates a weak influence of audit committees on timeliness of financial reporting, which is consistent with the results of most of previous studies. On the other hand, the results show a strong impact of the adoption of IFRS on the context of that relationship, where the results show the impact of IFRS on audit report lag, audit committee quality and the association between them.

scholarly journals The Role of Non-Rubber Components on Molecular Network of Natural Rubber during Accelerated Storage

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2880
Author(s):  
Huifeng Zhang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Yueqiong Wang ◽  
Fuchun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hardening Mechanism ◽  
Accelerated Storage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vital Factor

Though the non-rubber components have long been recognized to be a vital factor affecting the network of natural rubber (NR), the authentic role of non-rubber components on the network during accelerated storage has not been fully illuminated. This work attempts to clarify the impact of non-rubber components on the network for NR during accelerated storage. A natural network model for NR was proposed based on the gel content, crosslinking density, and the non-rubber components distribution for NR before and after centrifugation. Furthermore, the effect of non-rubber components on the network was investigated during accelerated storage. The results show that terminal crosslinking induced by non-rubber components and entanglements are primary factors affecting the network formation during accelerated storage. By applying the tube model to analyze the stress-strain curves of NR, we found that the contribution of the entanglements to the network formation is larger than that of terminal crosslinking during accelerated storage. The work highlights the role of non-rubber components on the network during accelerated storage, which is essential for understanding the storage hardening mechanism of NR.

CHRONICLE OF A COUP FORETOLD: VALENTINE MUSAKANYA AND THE 1980 COUP ATTEMPT IN ZAMBIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-409
Author(s):  
MILES LARMER
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
Political Prisoner ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Ruling Party ◽  
Coup Attempt

ABSTRACTZambia's unsuccessful coup attempt in 1980 was initiated by members of the country's intellectual and business elite, who had played a leading role in the postcolonial civil service and state bureaucracy, but who became disillusioned with the takeover of the state by the ruling party before and after the declaration of the one-party state in 1972. Among their number was Valentine Musakanya, one of those convicted for the coup attempt. Using Musakanya's biographical and other writings, this article explores his intellectual trajectory from head of the civil service to political prisoner. In so doing, it investigates the role of life writing in aiding understanding of the postcolonial political history of Africa.

scholarly journals The Effect of Music Therapy on Self-Reported Affect in Hospitalised Paediatric Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ruth Elizabeth Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>The present research examines the effect of music therapy on the affect of hospitalised children. It took place on a paediatric ward of a New Zealand public hospital. This study aimed to investigate the role of music therapy in addressing patients' psychosocial needs. Literature on the impact of hospitalisation, and on the use of music therapy in hospitals and paediatrics was reviewed. The research involved an audit of the therapist's clinical notes from music therapy sessions over the course of seven months. The clinical notes included measurements of children's mood from the beginning and end of sessions, using McGrath's (1990) Affective Facial Scale. It was hypothesised that mood measures following music therapy would be higher than pre-music therapy scores. Statistical analysis of the facial scale data did not show a significant difference between 'before' and 'after' measures. These results were discussed with regard to a ceiling effect (this is, the measurements indicated patients were at the happy end of the scale before the music therapy session, so there was little room on the scale for mood to improve following music therapy). The measurement of emotion did not prove to be straightforward. The hospital environment may have influenced the patients' responses in a number of ways. These environmental influences are discussed with reference to examples from the clinical notes. The usefulness of facial scales in this context is discussed, as well as other limitations of the research. Suggestions for future research include the use of other mood measures, and the inclusion of measurements of parental mood and how this affects the child.</p>

scholarly journals Accept Anxiety to Improve Sleep: The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Relationships between Mindfulness, Distress and Sleep Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13149
Author(s):  
Marco Mirolli ◽  
Luca Simione ◽  
Monica Martoni ◽  
Marco Fabbri
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality ◽  
The Impact

It has been recently proposed that mindfulness can improve sleep quality through the mediating role on psychological distress and that acceptance may play a pivotal role in mindfulness beneficial effects. The aim of the present work was to understand the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on dispositional mindfulness, sleep, and distress, and on their relationships. In particular, we wanted to test the hypothesis that the detrimental effects of lockdown on sleep depended on mindfulness and distress (including anxiety and depression) and that the acceptance facet of mindfulness played the leading role. A longitudinal study based on self-report questionnaires was conducted on 39 Italian adults (M age = 35.03, SD = 14.02; 21 men) assessing mindfulness, distress, and sleep quality before (23 December 2019–8 March 2020) and during (27 April 2020–10 May 2020) the first Italian COVID-19 lockdown. Lockdown decreased mindfulness while increasing distress and sleep problems. Path analysis showed that the effects of lockdown on sleep were fully mediated by mindfulness and distress. Furthermore, a more detailed analysis showed that these effects were mainly dependent on the acceptance component of mindfulness working through anxiety. The present study confirms, in the context of the COVID-19 lockdown, a model according to which mindfulness, and specifically acceptance, influences sleep through the mediating role of distress.

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