The poverty trap: Leveling the playing field for young people

Family plays a critical role in young people’s lives and is key in determining the conditions under which young people make important transitions to adulthood. This brief examines the impact of family-level poverty on the educational attainment, economic activity, and marriage patterns of Pakistani youth, and shows how strongly socioeconomic status shapes the lives of future generations. More young people aged 15–24 live in Pakistan now than at any other time in its history—an estimated 36 million in 2004. Recognizing the dearth of information on the situation of this large group of young people, the Population Council undertook a nationally representative survey from October 2001 to March 2002. The analysis presented in this brief comes from Adolescents and Youth in Pakistan 2001–02: A Nationally Representative Survey—the largest such survey focusing on young people. The survey sought information from youth aged 15–24, responsible adults in the household, and other community members in 254 communities. A total of 6,585 households were visited and 8,074 young people were interviewed.

Discrimination starts at home: A brief on parents' aspirations for adolescents and youth in Pakistan

10.31899/pgy19.1009 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Minhaj ul Haque

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Life Skills ◽

Critical Role ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Population Council ◽

Community Members ◽

Essential Information ◽

Large Group ◽

Transition Into Adulthood ◽

Nationally Representative

Parents play a critical role in socializing their children and passing on essential information and life skills. The attitudes of parents help determine what young boys and girls do in life, and how they utilize opportunities and develop the skills necessary to make a comfortable transition into adulthood. This brief is based on interviews with Pakistani parents and describes their aspirations, which are likely to influence the lives of young people. More young people aged 15–24 live in Pakistan now than at any other time in its history—an estimated 36 million in 2004. Recognizing the dearth of information on the situation of this large group of young people, the Population Council undertook a nationally representative survey from October 2001 to March 2002. The analysis presented here comes from Adolescents and Youth in Pakistan 2001–02: A Nationally Representative Survey. The survey sought information from youth aged 15–24, responsible adults in the household, and other community members in 254 communities. A total of 6,585 households were visited and 8,074 young people were interviewed.

Two worlds under the same roof: A brief on gender difference in transitions to adulthood

10.31899/pgy19.1008 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Munawar Sultana

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Gender Difference ◽

Transition To Adulthood ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Population Council ◽

Community Members ◽

Men And Women ◽

Transitions To Adulthood ◽

Nationally Representative

Adolescence, a time of transition to adulthood, is different for young men and women in Pakistan; brothers and sisters living under the same roof have different opportunities available in all aspects of life. More young people aged 15–24 live in Pakistan now than at any other time in its history—an estimated 36 million in 2004. Recognizing the dearth of information on the situation of this large group of young people, the Population Council undertook a nationally representative survey from October 2001 to March 2002. The analysis presented in this brief comes from Adolescents and Youth in Pakistan 2001–02: A Nationally Representative Survey. The survey sought information from youth aged 15–24, responsible adults in the household, and other community members in 254 communities. A total of 6,585 households were visited and 8,074 young people were interviewed. This brief concludes that girls face disadvantages, especially in rural areas, and that parents, community, and policymakers need to work together to ensure that girls, like their brothers, are able to make a successful transition to adulthood.

Culture of silence: A brief on reproductive health of adolescents and youth in Pakistan

10.31899/pgy19.1006 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Munawar Sultana

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Social Economic ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Community Members ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

Males And Females ◽

And Gender ◽

Culture Of Silence

Previous research on the reproductive health of adolescents and youth in Pakistan has not addressed the diversity of adolescent experiences based on social status, residence, and gender. To understand the transition from adolescence to adulthood more fully, it is important to assess social, economic, and cultural aspects of that transition. This brief presents the experience of married and unmarried young people (males and females) from different social strata and residence regarding their own attitudes and expectations about reproductive health. More young people aged 15–24 live in Pakistan now than at any other time in its history—an estimated 36 million in 2004. Recognizing the dearth of information on this large group of young people, the Population Council undertook a nationally representative survey from October 2001 to March 2002. The analysis presented here comes from Adolescents and Youth in Pakistan 2001–02: A Nationally Representative Survey. The survey sought information from youth aged 15–24, responsible adults in the household, and other community members in 254 communities. A total of 6,585 households were visited and 8,074 young people were interviewed.

The Effects of Limited Work Opportunities on Transitions to Adulthood among Young Refugees in Uganda and Jordan

Journal of Refugee Studies ◽

10.1093/jrs/feaa042 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wayne Shand ◽

Lorraine van Blerk ◽

Laura Prazeres ◽

Badru Bukenya ◽

Rawan Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Adult Life ◽

Social Recognition ◽

Policy Support ◽

Transitions To Adulthood ◽

The Social ◽

Displaced Children ◽

Legal Restrictions ◽

Individual Ability ◽

Abstract Young people constitute more than half of global refugee populations, yet there is limited research into the impact of displacement on transitions into adult life. With the average period of protracted displacement extending beyond 20 years, insight is needed into how the experience of being a refugee shapes the expectations and lives of young people. This article examines the effects of weak and restricted labour markets on the transitions of young refugees into adulthood. Drawing from research undertaken with displaced children and youth in Uganda and Jordan, the article explores how a lack of work opportunities affects individual ability to achieve financial independence and, more widely, to obtain the social recognition associated with adulthood. The research finds how a dependence on precarious work and the effects of legal restrictions on employment curtail transitions to adulthood, highlighting the importance of national and humanitarian policy support to help young refugees establish stable livelihoods.

Who is teaching the kids to cook? Results from a nationally representative survey of secondary school students in New Zealand

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2016-0064 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jennifer Utter ◽

Simon Denny ◽

Mathijs Lucassen ◽

Ben Dyson

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Young People ◽

Secondary School ◽

Secondary School Students ◽

Representative Survey ◽

School Students ◽

Current Generation ◽

Cooking Skills ◽

Almost All

Abstract Learning how to cook is an important skill for developing healthy eating behaviors. Moreover, involvement in home cooking may offer young people opportunities for skill building, identity development and social engagement with their families. Recently, there have been concerns that the current generation of young people may not have the opportunities to develop sufficient cooking skills. These concerns have been addressed by the initiation of numerous, localized interventions. Yet, little is known about where the current generation of young people learn cooking skills. The objective of this study was to describe where the current generation of young people report learning to cook, drawing on nationally representative data from New Zealand. Data were collected as part of Youth2012, a nationally representative survey of secondary school students (n=8500) in New Zealand. Almost all students reported learning to cook and from multiple sources. Almost all students reported learning to cook from a family member (mother, father, or other family member), approximately 60% of students reported that they learned to cook from certain media (cookbooks, TV, or the Internet) and half of all students reported learning to cook at school. There were numerous differences in where students learned to cook by socio-demographic characteristics. Findings from the current research highlight the important role that families play in teaching young people to cook and will be useful for those working with young people to develop these skills.

The Impact of Nutrition and Health Claims on Consumer Perceptions and Portion Size Selection: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10050656 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 656 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Tony Benson ◽

Fiona Lavelle ◽

Tamara Bucher ◽

Amanda McCloat ◽

Elaine Mooney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Consumer Perceptions ◽

Portion Size ◽

Health Claims ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Nutrition And Health ◽

Size Selection ◽

The Impact ◽

Nutrition And Health Claims

INVASIVE YET INEVITABLE? PRIVACY NORMALIZATION TRENDS IN EMERGING TECHNOLOGY

AoIR Selected Papers of Internet Research ◽

10.5210/spir.v2020i0.11300 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sejin Paik ◽

Kate K. Mays ◽

Rebecca F. Giovannetti ◽

James E. Katz

Keyword(s):

Technology Acceptance ◽

Critical Role ◽

Emerging Technology ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Public Officials ◽

Private Companies ◽

Individual Level ◽

Dna Collection ◽

Using Data

In the last few years, smart security and physical identification technologies have grown exponentially; people are increasingly installing smart video devices to monitor their homes and buying DNA kits to collect and analyze their genetics. As the number of users and profits of these businesses increase, so too does the potential for privacy violations and exploitation. To explore these dynamics of privacy in emerging technology, we conducted a U.S. nationally representative survey (N=1,587) and asked respondents for their perceptions of a number of emerging technologies such as facial recognition, DNA collection and biometrics monitoring. We also measured individual-level traits that have been found to influence technology acceptance. The results show that the actor wielding the technology matters for people’s acceptance. Respondents were overall more comfortable with public officials and airlines using more invasive technologies to guarantee people’s safety, as compared to private companies or non-profits using data for research. When keeping the actor constant across privacy technologies, there was an overwhelming preference for less invasive means of privacy data sharing. These findings indicate how the concept of normalization, social context and agents of control play a critical role in the way people accept emerging technology into their lives.

Tobacco and tobacco branding in films most popular in the UK from 2009 to 2017

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (12) ◽

pp. 1103-1108

Author(s):

Alexander Barker ◽

Jo Cranwell ◽

Iona Fitzpatrick ◽

Kathy Whittamore ◽

Khaldoon Alfayad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Population Exposure ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Box Office ◽

Secular Decline ◽

Smoking Uptake ◽

The Uk

BackgroundExposure to tobacco content in films is a cause of smoking uptake in young people. In an earlier study, we reported that tobacco content occurred in 70% of UK box office films popular between 1989 and 2008. We now report an analysis of tobacco content in a sample of the top grossing UK box office films between 2009 and 2017, and of population exposure resulting from audience exposure to the 2017 films.MethodsOccurrence of tobacco intervals (actual tobacco use, implied use, appearance of smoking paraphernalia or branding) was measured by 5 min interval coding in the 15 most commercially successful films in the UK in each year from 2009 to 2017. A nationally representative survey was used to estimate population exposure to the top 15 films from 2017.ResultsWe coded 3248 intervals from the 135 films. Tobacco content appeared in 245 intervals (8%, 95% CI 7% to 9%) across 56 (41%, 95% CI 33% to 49%) films. Tobacco content occurred in films in all BBFC age ratings, and 36 (64%, 95% CI 51% to 77%) of films containing tobacco imagery were classified as suitable for viewing by people aged under 15 years. Although less prevalent than in our earlier study, there was no evidence of a secular decline in tobacco content during this study period. The top 15 films from 2017 delivered approximately 21.6 (95% CI 21.06–22.14) million tobacco impressions to young people aged 10–18 years in the UK.ConclusionsTobacco content continues to appear in UK Box Office films and is widely seen by young people, representing a major driver of smoking uptake.

The Impact of Multimorbidity on Quality of Life Among Midlife Women: Findings from a U.S. Nationally Representative Survey

Journal of Women s Health ◽

10.1089/jwh.2014.4907 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 374-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Kathleen Lang ◽

Ivy M. Alexander ◽

James Simon ◽

Matthew Sussman ◽

Iris Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Midlife Women ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Psychosocial family-level mediators in the intergenerational transmission of trauma: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.04.27.21256190 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emma Mew ◽

Kate Nyhan ◽

Jessica Bonumwezi ◽

Vanessa Blas ◽

Hannah Gorman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intergenerational Transmission ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Critical Role ◽

Intergenerational Transmission Of Trauma ◽

Causal Diagram ◽

Transmission Of Trauma ◽

Family Level ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Introduction: Psychosocial factors within the family appear to play a critical role in mediating the intergenerational transmission of trauma; however, there has yet to be a review article that quantitatively synthesizes causal mechanisms across a diversity of trauma-types. This study aims to systematically consolidate the epidemiological research on family-level psychosocial mediators and moderators to ultimately produce causal diagram(s) in the intergenerational transmission of trauma. Methods and analysis: We will identify epidemiological peer-reviewed publications, dissertations, and conference abstracts that measure the impact of at least one psychosocial family-level factor mediating or moderating the relationship between parental trauma exposure and a child mental health outcome. English, French, Kinyarwanda, and Spanish articles will be eligible. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PTSDpubs, Scopus and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses and will conduct forward citation chaining of included documents. Two reviewers will perform screening and data extraction independently. We will extract reported mediators, moderators, and relevant study characteristics for included studies. Findings will be presented using narrative syntheses, descriptive analyses, mediation meta-analyses, moderating meta-analyses, and causal diagram(s), where possible. We will also perform a risk of bias assessment for studies included in meta-analyses and will construct a funnel plot to assess publication bias. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not needed for this review. Results will be presented at academic conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal in hopes to inform the development and evaluation of resilience-building interventions.