scholarly journals Working Productivity Analysis on the Process of Drying Fish Using Solar Dryers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
I Gede Santosa ◽  
◽  
I Gede Bawa Susana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Continuous Heat ◽  
Drying Chamber

The process of drying fish using solar energy is strongly influenced by weather conditions. Sunlight is needed by household scale workers because it is cheap. On the other hand, sun drying creates additional workload for workers. Workers are exposed to hot sun during drying. Continuous heat exposure results in an increased work pulse. This affects the level of worker productivity. To anticipate this, a solar dryer is used by utilizing a solar collector as an absorber of sunlight and a drying chamber for the drying process of fish. The use of solar dryers has been shown to increase drying temperatures and reduce workers' sun exposure. This decreases the workload of workers, so that it has an impact on increasing productivity. Worker productivity increased by 133.94%.

scholarly journals Drying of cherry tree chips in the experimental biomass dryer with solar collector

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ivanova ◽  
B. Havrland ◽  
P. Hutla ◽  
A. Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Drying Chamber

Drying significantly influences the process of a biomass conversion into the renewable energy source as well as quality of solid biofuels (briquettes, pellets). The research is focused on monitoring and evaluation of the drying process in the case of cherry tree chips drying in experimental biomass dryer with solar collector. The dryer has been conceived as a result of the project which was realized at the State Agrarian University of Moldova. Technological and construction specifics of the biomass dryer are described in the paper. The moisture content of the cherry tree chips was observed in dependence of the drying time and at different locations of the drying chamber. The drying process in the biomass layer was found as non-uniform. Further parameters such as relative air humidity and the air temperature were measured and analysed, as well. It was concluded that the experimental biomass dryer with solar collector can work well in the conditions of the Central Moldova during the sunny period of the year.

scholarly journals Thermal Evaluation of a Hybrid Dryer with Solar and Geothermal Energy for Agroindustry Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 4079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emérita Delgado-Plaza ◽  
Juan Peralta-Jaramillo ◽  
Miguel Quilambaqui ◽  
Olga Gonzalez ◽  
José Reinoso-Tigre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Stabilization Time ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Drying Chamber

The process of drying at the agroindustry level is considered the most important stage for the storage and conservation of food, but an inadequate sizing of the systems can generate an excessive consumption of fuel and energy. In the case of the agricultural sector, especially in small and medium producers in Ecuador, they tend to dry cereals outdoors, spreading the product over black plastics, asphalt floors, or cements called “tendal”. This process depends on the weather conditions of the area and can take between one or four days of drying, tending to damage the product by fungi. On the other hand, certain producers build dryers empirically, using as the main fuel gas for domestic use, diesel, or firewood. Among the problems presented for these types of dryers are heat losses in the drying chamber as it is not thermally insolated, a lack of temperature control (above 60 °C) and drying speed, excessive fuel use, and 10% burned product, which are essential to control to obtain a quality product and savings in the energy consumption of the dryer. With regard to the problem raised above, the design and construction of a hybrid dryer that worked with 80% of thermal solar and low enthalpy aerogeothermal energy and 20% with electric power was conducted to optimize the drying process and ensure a quality dry product. The work proposes the dimensioning of each component of the dryer. As a result, it was found that the efficiency of the equipment was around 60%, reaching a maximum operating temperature of 52 °C, with a stabilization time of the system in the first hour within 40 min. It should be noted that the design of the prototype is easy to adapt and replicate.

Prediction of Water Vapor Concentration of Moist Air inside Batch Solar Dryers

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2035-2039
Author(s):  
Adrian Gabriel Ghiaus ◽  
Yannis Caouris ◽  
Viorel Fatu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Moisture Concentration ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Drying Chamber

Design optimization and evaluation of existing solar dryers can be done through numerical simulation of the complex and coupled transfer processes taking place inside drying units. Analysis of moisture concentration and relative humidity evolution of the drying air along with pressure, velocity and temperature profiles was done both inside the solar collector and drying chamber. Prediction of operation parameters for different design configurations allowed the identification of unwanted recirculation regions, saturation moist air zones and optimum operation time for an efficient drying process.

scholarly journals Implementation of an automated dryer with solar collector

2022 ◽  
Vol 2163 (1) ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
F J Regino-Ubarnes ◽  
H Y Jaramillo ◽  
F E Moreno-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Drying System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Percentage Of Water Absorption ◽  
Drying Chamber

Abstract This research work consists of the development of an automated sustainable drying system using forced and preheated air to reduce the production time of handmade bricks, so a dryer witha solar collector wasimplemented to take advantage of the energy from solar radiation. A virtualinstrument was developed, which allows to visualize the variables of temperature and humidityinside the drying chamber, additionally a temperature control was implemented, this control allows the system to maintain a constant temperature during the drying process. Samples were taken from the production of the brick kiln “El Tejar” and dried by this device, thenthe drying times and their physical and mechanical properties were compared, finding that the bricks dried with the proposed prototype retained these properties. As for the compressive strength tests for samples of both processes was around 30.6 Kgf/cm2 and 31.2 Kgf/cm2, the deflection resistance was around 1.2 Kgf/cm2 and 1.3 Kgf/cm2, the initial absorption rate was around 0.3 g/cm2/min and 0.4 g/cm2/min, and finally the percentage of water absorption for both processes were around 12.9% and 13.1%. The difference lies in the drying times, since drying in the artisanal brick kilns takes about 15 daysin the proposed dryer takes 9 days, resulting in a decrease of 40% in this process.

scholarly journals Modelling and CFD Simulation of Temperature and Airflow Distribution Inside a Forced Convection Mixed-Mode Solar Grain Dryer with a Preheater

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Johannes P. Angula ◽  
Freddie Inambao
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Airflow Distribution ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Drying Chamber

In this study, a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simulate the drying process of maize ears/cobs in a mixed-mode solar grain dryer. The dryer system is aimed to operate under forced convection and is integrated with a preheater to heat air prior to entering the solar collector. The 3D model was developed with great accuracy using SolidWorks software and the CFD simulation was carried out using ANSYS Fluent software. The study was aimed at analyzing and predicting temperature and airflow distribution in the mixed-mode solar dryer system. The CFD simulation was conducted at different airflow velocities varying from 0.5 m/s to 2 m/s for different temperature values of the preheater. Results from the simulation of the solar collector were satisfactory, indicating a minimum and maximum temperature of 59.7 ℃ and 70.5 ℃ at minimum and maximum drying conditions, respectively. The variation of temperature inside the drying chamber was predicted with an average maximum of 64.1 ℃ at the inlets. Results of airflow distribution in the solar collector and drying chamber indicated high turbulence and flow recirculation. This is a desirable flow combination that promotes good moisture evaporation from the maize ears during the drying process. This study proves that the use of computer software can allow one to clearly gain an understanding of the development, heat and mass transfer process, and performance of dryers used in the food drying industry. This approach can promote improvements in existing drying processes and increase food productivity.

Thermoregulatory responses to acute body heating in rats acclimated to continuous heat exposure

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Shido ◽  
T. Nagasaka
Keyword(s):  
Heat Load ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Thermoregulatory Responses ◽  
Colonic Temperature ◽  
Continuous Heat

Thermoregulatory responses to an acute heat load with intraperitoneal heating (IH) or indirect external warming (EW) by increasing ambient temperature (Ta) were investigated with direct and indirect calorimetry in rats acclimated to environments of 24.0 degrees C (Cn), 29.4 degrees C (H1), and 32.8 degrees C (H2) for greater than 15 days. The rats were placed in a direct calorimeter where the air temperature was maintained at 24 degrees C for the initial 3 h. IH was then made for 30 min through an electric heater implanted chronically (6.5 W.kg-1) in the peritoneal cavity, and EW was performed by raising the jacket water temperature surrounding the calorimeter from 24 to 39 degrees C (0.19 degrees C.min-1). Hypothalamic (Thy) and colonic temperature immediately before the start of the heat load tended to be higher as the acclimation temperature increased. During IH, the threshold Thy for the tail skin vasodilation (Tth) was significantly higher in H2 than in Cn rats. During EW, however, there was no difference in Tth between the groups. Metabolic heat production (M) was slightly suppressed during IH and significantly depressed only in H2 rats. During EW, M was suppressed in all the groups. The magnitude and duration of suppression were greater in H2 rats than in the other two groups. The responses in nonevaporative heat loss and thermal conductance (C) to the rise in Thy did not differ among the three groups during IH. According to the rise in Thy, however, there was a greater C increase in H2 than in Cn and H1 rats during EW.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Study on the Variable-Temperature Drying Process of Corn Drying in an Industrial Corn-Drying System Equipped with a Self-Adaptive Control Heat Exchanger

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2772
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Zhiheng Zeng ◽  
Xuefeng Zhang ◽  
Ye Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Kinetic ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Self Adaptive

To realize energy-saving and efficient industrial grain drying, the present work studied the variable-temperature drying process of corn drying in a novel industrial corn-drying system with a heat recycling and self-adaptive control function. The drying kinetics, thermal performance, heat-loss characteristics and the heat-recycling performance of the drying system under different allocations between flue gas and hot air were investigated, and the optimized drying process was proposed and compared with two constant drying processes. The results showed that the optimized drying process exhibited better drying kinetic and thermal performance than the two constant drying processes. More specifically, the total heat loss, total energy consumption and specific energy consumption of the optimized drying process were ascertained to be 36,132.85 MJ, 48,803.99 MJ and 7290.27 kJ/kg, respectively, which were lower than those of the other two processes. On the other hand, the thermal efficiency of the drying chamber for the optimized drying process was ascertained to be varied within the range of 6.81–41.71%. Overall, the validation results showed that the optimized drying process can significantly improve the drying performance of the drying system.

scholarly journals A Study of the Effects of Rain, Snow and Hail on the Atmospheric Electric Field near Ground

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Athanasios Karagioras ◽  
Konstantinos Kourtidis
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bounce Back

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of rain, snow and hail on potential gradient (PG), as observed in a period of ten years in Xanthi, northern Greece. An anticorrelation between PG and rainfall was observed for rain events that lasted several hours. When the precipitation rate was up to 2 mm/h, the decrease in PG was between 200 and 1300 V/m, in most cases being around 500 V/m. An event with rainfall rates up to 11 mm/h produced the largest drop in PG, of 2 kV/m. Shortly after rain, PG appeared to bounce back to somewhat higher values than the ones of fair-weather conditions. A decrease in mean hourly PG was observed, which was around 2–4 kV/m during the hail events which occurred concurrently with rain and from 0 to 3.5 kV/m for hail events with no rain. In the case of no drop, no concurrent drop in temperature was observed, while, for the other cases, it appeared that, for each degree drop in temperature, the drop in hourly mean PG was 1000 V/m; hence, we assume that the intensity of the hail event regulates the drop in PG. The frequency distribution of 1-minute PG exhibits a complex structure during hail events and extend from −18 to 11 kV/m, with most of the values in the negative range. During snow events, 1-minute PG exhibited rapid fluctuations between high positive and high negative values, its frequency distribution extending from −10 to 18 kV/m, with peaks at −10 and 3 kV/m.

Improvement of the visual warning system for various driving and road conditions in road transportation

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güray Tonguç ◽  
İsmail Hakkı Akçay ◽  
Habib Gürbüz
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Accelerometer Sensor ◽  
The Road ◽  
Information Displays ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Information

This study aims to identify the potential adverse driving conditions which result from driver behavior, road surfaces and weather conditions for vehicles during a cruise, and to inform the drivers of the other vehicles moving on the same route. Adverse driving condition scenarios were developed via acceleration data in lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions gathered by using an accelerometer sensor placed at the gravity center of the test vehicles. The drivers were warned through the symbols designed according to the developed scenarios in different shapes and colors, displayed on an information screen showing the position of the vehicle. Three different software programs were used for gathering and evaluating the accelerometer data, storing scenario-specific symbols on the internet and transferring these symbols to the other vehicle information displays. The road tests were performed in conditions present in Turkey. It was observed that the vehicle drivers were alerted with the warning symbols which were designed for dangerous road and driving conditions with a latency of approximately 6s on Google maps which appeared on the driver information screen.

Design and Fabrication of Gamma-Type Stirling Engine on Parabolic Dish of Solar Concentrator by a Compression Ratio Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanuengchat Saenyot ◽  
Kitsakorn Locharoenrat ◽  
Sarai Lekchaum
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
External Work ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
Solar Tracker

In this article, we have designed and fabricated the gamma-type Stirling engine based on the compression ratio technique. This engine is attached on a parabolic dish of a solar collector. The engine shows a good performance in terms of compression ratio, external work, total pressure, and engine’s speed. Our engine offers the thermal efficiency of 30.59 % so that it can reach the output mechanical power of 0.934. The temperature difference of 137 K can maintain very well for the heat collection of the solar collector even when the weather conditions are poor. Furthermore, our materials are environmentally friendly and this design is expected to be in the applications of the solar tracker in the future.

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