Prediction of Water Vapor Concentration of Moist Air inside Batch Solar Dryers

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2035-2039
Author(s):  
Adrian Gabriel Ghiaus ◽  
Yannis Caouris ◽  
Viorel Fatu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Moisture Concentration ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Drying Chamber

Design optimization and evaluation of existing solar dryers can be done through numerical simulation of the complex and coupled transfer processes taking place inside drying units. Analysis of moisture concentration and relative humidity evolution of the drying air along with pressure, velocity and temperature profiles was done both inside the solar collector and drying chamber. Prediction of operation parameters for different design configurations allowed the identification of unwanted recirculation regions, saturation moist air zones and optimum operation time for an efficient drying process.

scholarly journals Drying of cherry tree chips in the experimental biomass dryer with solar collector

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ivanova ◽  
B. Havrland ◽  
P. Hutla ◽  
A. Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Drying Chamber

Drying significantly influences the process of a biomass conversion into the renewable energy source as well as quality of solid biofuels (briquettes, pellets). The research is focused on monitoring and evaluation of the drying process in the case of cherry tree chips drying in experimental biomass dryer with solar collector. The dryer has been conceived as a result of the project which was realized at the State Agrarian University of Moldova. Technological and construction specifics of the biomass dryer are described in the paper. The moisture content of the cherry tree chips was observed in dependence of the drying time and at different locations of the drying chamber. The drying process in the biomass layer was found as non-uniform. Further parameters such as relative air humidity and the air temperature were measured and analysed, as well. It was concluded that the experimental biomass dryer with solar collector can work well in the conditions of the Central Moldova during the sunny period of the year.

scholarly journals Working Productivity Analysis on the Process of Drying Fish Using Solar Dryers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
I Gede Santosa ◽  
◽  
I Gede Bawa Susana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Continuous Heat ◽  
Drying Chamber

The process of drying fish using solar energy is strongly influenced by weather conditions. Sunlight is needed by household scale workers because it is cheap. On the other hand, sun drying creates additional workload for workers. Workers are exposed to hot sun during drying. Continuous heat exposure results in an increased work pulse. This affects the level of worker productivity. To anticipate this, a solar dryer is used by utilizing a solar collector as an absorber of sunlight and a drying chamber for the drying process of fish. The use of solar dryers has been shown to increase drying temperatures and reduce workers' sun exposure. This decreases the workload of workers, so that it has an impact on increasing productivity. Worker productivity increased by 133.94%.

scholarly journals Implementation of an automated dryer with solar collector

2022 ◽  
Vol 2163 (1) ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
F J Regino-Ubarnes ◽  
H Y Jaramillo ◽  
F E Moreno-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Drying System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Percentage Of Water Absorption ◽  
Drying Chamber

Abstract This research work consists of the development of an automated sustainable drying system using forced and preheated air to reduce the production time of handmade bricks, so a dryer witha solar collector wasimplemented to take advantage of the energy from solar radiation. A virtualinstrument was developed, which allows to visualize the variables of temperature and humidityinside the drying chamber, additionally a temperature control was implemented, this control allows the system to maintain a constant temperature during the drying process. Samples were taken from the production of the brick kiln “El Tejar” and dried by this device, thenthe drying times and their physical and mechanical properties were compared, finding that the bricks dried with the proposed prototype retained these properties. As for the compressive strength tests for samples of both processes was around 30.6 Kgf/cm2 and 31.2 Kgf/cm2, the deflection resistance was around 1.2 Kgf/cm2 and 1.3 Kgf/cm2, the initial absorption rate was around 0.3 g/cm2/min and 0.4 g/cm2/min, and finally the percentage of water absorption for both processes were around 12.9% and 13.1%. The difference lies in the drying times, since drying in the artisanal brick kilns takes about 15 daysin the proposed dryer takes 9 days, resulting in a decrease of 40% in this process.

Transient Thermal Efficiency of Natural Hybrid Dryer System on Chimney Height Variation of Exhaust Moist Air

2015 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
Made Ricki Murti ◽  
Chan Woo Park
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Height Variation ◽  
Biomass Stove ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Drying Chamber

In developing countries, the sun and biomass are very important as the alternative and renewable energy sources that is very necessary the effort for utilizing them maximally. This study has developed a natural hybrid dryer system utilizing the heat energy was generated from the biomass stove and the solar collector. This dryer system has been tested on the chimney height variation of exhaust moist air, namely: 2m, 4m, and 6m. For assessment of thermal efficiency, several variables of experimental data was collected consist of: several point of air flow temperatures, the ambient temperature, air flow velocities, mass of material which was dried, and solar radiation. Further, the efficiency of solar collector, the efficiency of biomass stove, the efficiency of drying chamber, and the total efficiency of system against the time as the purpose of this study. The result showed that with increased of chimney height of exhaust moist air caused the increase of air mass flow rate, and further caused the increase of heat transfer rate in the biomass stove and solar collector against the time. It caused the increased of transient thermal efficiency of biomass stove and solar collector against the time and it was influencing the increase of evaporation rate. Thus, the drying speed was increasing and with chimney height of 6m was the fastest with the drying time was 7 hours, while 7.5 hours and 8 hours were for height of 4m and 2m respectively. With increased of chimney height of exhaust moist air caused the efficiency of the drying chamber was decreasing and the total efficiency of system was increasing slightly, each was decreasing against the time due to decreasing of mass.

scholarly journals Modelling and CFD Simulation of Temperature and Airflow Distribution Inside a Forced Convection Mixed-Mode Solar Grain Dryer with a Preheater

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Johannes P. Angula ◽  
Freddie Inambao
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Airflow Distribution ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Drying Chamber

In this study, a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simulate the drying process of maize ears/cobs in a mixed-mode solar grain dryer. The dryer system is aimed to operate under forced convection and is integrated with a preheater to heat air prior to entering the solar collector. The 3D model was developed with great accuracy using SolidWorks software and the CFD simulation was carried out using ANSYS Fluent software. The study was aimed at analyzing and predicting temperature and airflow distribution in the mixed-mode solar dryer system. The CFD simulation was conducted at different airflow velocities varying from 0.5 m/s to 2 m/s for different temperature values of the preheater. Results from the simulation of the solar collector were satisfactory, indicating a minimum and maximum temperature of 59.7 ℃ and 70.5 ℃ at minimum and maximum drying conditions, respectively. The variation of temperature inside the drying chamber was predicted with an average maximum of 64.1 ℃ at the inlets. Results of airflow distribution in the solar collector and drying chamber indicated high turbulence and flow recirculation. This is a desirable flow combination that promotes good moisture evaporation from the maize ears during the drying process. This study proves that the use of computer software can allow one to clearly gain an understanding of the development, heat and mass transfer process, and performance of dryers used in the food drying industry. This approach can promote improvements in existing drying processes and increase food productivity.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Rice Drying Model and Analysis of Tempering Characteristics Based on Drying Accumulated Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11113
Author(s):  
Yi Jin ◽  
Jun Yin ◽  
Huihuang Xie ◽  
Zhongjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Ratio ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Accumulated Temperature ◽  
Mass And Heat Transfer ◽  
Rice Drying

Previous research has shown that the accumulated temperature can describe drying processes as well as crop growth. To describe the mass and heat transfer processes in the rice drying process more accurately, a mathematical model of rice drying was proposed based on the drying accumulated temperature, and the optimal tempering ratio for conventional hot air drying was obtained through data comparison and analysis. First, it was proven that there was an exponential relationship between the moisture ratio and the drying accumulated temperature of rice. Second, by comparing and analyzing the fitting results of seven different drying mathematical models, the model with the highest fitting degree was selected and reconstructed to obtain the drying accumulated temperature–moisture ratio model. Finally, the new model was used to fit the results of two drying experiments without and with tempering, and the tempering characteristics of rice drying were proved by comparing and analyzing the coefficient difference between the two models. The results showed that the optimal tempering ratio was 3. This study thus provides a reference for rice drying process parameters.

scholarly journals RANCANGAN RUANG PENGERING BERBASIS ERGONOMI MENURUNKAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PERAJIN IKAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gede Bawa Susana
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Working Posture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Participatory Method

With  traditional fish drying process,  most possible can cause an unhealthy  working posture , such as a squatting action.   As a consequence , worker will suffer a  musculoskeletal disorders because of not  ergonomic tools and bad working posture. Without ergonomics  working  procedures was found that  the average of   musculoskeletal complaints after working is 52.25 ± 1.03. To solve this ccomplaints, a drying chamber based ergonomics design was built in order to reduce musculoskeletal disorders. Dimensions of the drying chamber were based on anthropometric data of fish craftsmen and the material of drying chamber was by the participatory method. Test was performed on 20 samples and the result showed that the mean rate of  musculoskeletal complaints after working is 38.30 ± 1.30. The ergonomic based design for drying camber application can reduce  the musculoskeletal complaints up to 26.7%.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling and Performance Analysis of a New Hybrid Solar Dryer of Lemon Slices for Controlling Drying Temperature

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wengang Hao ◽  
Shuonan Liu ◽  
Baoqi Mi ◽  
Yanhua Lai
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drying Curves ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector ◽  
Drying Chamber

A new hybrid solar dryer was designed and constructed in this study, which consisted of a flat-plate solar collector with dual-function (DF-FPSC), drying chamber with glass, fan etc. The DF-FPSC was firstly applied in drying agricultural products. The innovative application of hybrid solar dryer can control the drying chamber air temperature within a suitable range by different operation strategies. Drying experiments for lemon slices in the hybrid solar dryer were conducted by comparing open sun drying (OSD). Eight mathematical models of drying characteristics were employed to select the most suitable model for describing the drying curves of lemon slices. Furthermore, energy, exergy economic and environment (4E) analysis were also adopted to analyze the drying process of lemon slices. The results show that under the same experimental condition, the drying capability of the hybrid solar dryer was stronger than that of OSD. Meanwhile, it was found that the Two term and Wang and Singh models were the most suitable for fitting the lemon slices’ drying characteristics inside the hybrid solar dryer. The drying chamber air temperature can be controlled under about 60 °C during the process of lemon slices’ drying. The experimental results show the feasibility and validity of the proposed hybrid solar dryer.

Preparation of PS@SiO2, PS@TiO2，PS@TiO2/SiO2 Core-Shell Composites by a Spray Drying Process and Their Hollow Spheres after Removing PS Cores by Calcinations

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 389-392
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Hong Liang Li ◽  
Ying Chun Zhu ◽  
Ai Ping Fu ◽  
Yong Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polystyrene (PS) spheres encapsulated core-shell composites of SiO2or TiO2nanoparticles were prepared by the spray drying technique and hollow spheres of SiO2or TiO2nanoparticles were then derived by removing the PS cores with calcinations. The PS spheres were dispersed into the SiO2or TiO2colloids, forming a suspension and then the suspensions were sprayed to form micrometer-sized droplets, as the droplets rush through the drying chamber, the PS spheres were encapsulated into the core of SiO2or TiO2particles due to the high temperatures and the instant evaporation, obtaining PS@SiO2, PS@TiO2or PS@SiO2/TiO2core-shell composites. After removing the PS core by calcination at 550°C, SiO2or TiO2hollow spheres were then derived. The influence of drying temperature, the concentration of the SiO2or TiO2particles and the ratio of PS sphere to the particles on the structures and specific surface area of the hollow spheres were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements.

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