scholarly journals Designing of Facility Layout Ecobrick Material Using Ergonomic Intervention Reduce Muscoloskeletal Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
Tri Budiyanto ◽  
◽  
Hayati Mukti Asih ◽  
Okka Adiyanto ◽  
Irvan Kristanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Parts ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Similar Materials ◽  
Body Map ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Lower Neck

Kamulyan waste bank is a place to collect the waste from the household around Lowanu Village, Brontokusuman, Mergangsan, Yogyakarta. This waste is distributed to garbage collectors and sorted. Plastic waste that cannot be recycled is used as material for making ecobricks. Ecobricks are materials made from used plastic bottles filled with plastic sachets, plastic bags, and similar materials that are compressed. In making ecobricks, workers perform activities in a sitting position on the floor with both legs folded in and a slightly bent posture. This work attitude causes muscle complaints in the upper and lower neck, upper arm, right elbow, left wrist, and left hand. The purpose of the study was to improve work attitudes to reduce muscle complaints in body parts by designing ergonomic work facilities. This research was conducted with ergonomics intervention on the design of ecobrick plastic compaction work facilities with the Nordic Body Map-VAS Modified Questionnaire. The muscle complaints of the workers' body parts were determined using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. The results of the study provide a design for compaction of ecobrick plastic materials with dimensions of table length 134.44 cm, table width 66.39 cm, table height 71.63 cm, length of seat mat 41.41 cm, width of seat mat 43.49 cm, height seat 44.51 cm, backrest height 55.5 cm, and backrest width 45.88 cm. Based on the NBM-VAS questionnaire, it shows that the initial condition of pain or pain in the upper neck and lower neck with a moderate pain value is aimed at a scale of 6.5 cm and 7.3 cm to mild pain with a scale of 4.2 cm and 4.3 cm. . Moderate pain in the left wrist and left hand with a scale of 6.1 cm, respectively, to no pain on a scale of 3.1 cm and 3 cm.

PERANCANGAN MESIN PEMIPIL JAGUNG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN NORDIC BODY MAP

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Firman Ardiansyah Ekoanindiyo ◽  
Antoni Yohanes ◽  
Endro Prihastono
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Elbow ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Body Map

Based on calculations by the Directorate General of Food Plants (Ditjen TP), Ministry of Agriculture. Corn production in the last 5 years has increased by an average of 12.49% per year. According to the Secretary of the Directorate General of Food Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture (Kementan) Maman Suherman in 2019 maize production is estimated to reach 33 million tonnes of dry shell (PK) in an interview with Republika on January 6, 2019. Cepiring sub-district, Kendal district, apart from being planted with rice in the rainy season, rice fields also planted with maize. After harvesting, the corn that has been plucked is separated from the cob using a corn sheller. The shelling machine is used using diesel fuel and electricity, with workers standing for long periods of time, causing fatigue in the arms, waist, thighs and back. The data processing of the nordic body map questionnaire was carried out to determine the complaints on the skeleton and muscles of the workers. From the results of the questionnaire above, most Sido Rejo farmers feel complaints on their right shoulder, left upper arm, back, right upper arm, back, waist, left elbow, right elbow, left forearm, right forearm, left wrist, wrist right, left hand, right hand, left thigh, right thigh, left calf, right calf, left leg to right leg. With anthropometric measurements, the dimensions of the body used are the height of the sitting shoulders and the data used are the average data or the 50th percentile. With this solar sheller, it can save fuel and be environmentally friendly and reduce the complaints of the frame and muscles of farmers

scholarly journals Evaluation of a panel of spermatological methods for assessing reprotoxic compounds in multilayer semen plastic bags

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schulze ◽  
F. Schröter ◽  
M. Jung ◽  
U. Jakop
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Semen Preservation ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

AbstractThe increase of fertility performance in sows is one of the biggest achievements in pig production over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, pig farms using artificial insemination (AI) repeatedly experienced in recent year’s fertility problems with dramatic consequences due to toxic compounds from plastic semen bags. In particular, bisphenol A diglycidyl-ether (BADGE) present in multilayer plastic bags can leach into the semen and could affect the functionality of the spermatozoa. Former studies could not find any alterations in spermatozoa based on the exposure to BADGE. The aim of the study was to evaluate effects of BADGE on boar spermatozoa using an extended panel of spermatological methods. In spring 2019, a large drop in farrowing rates from 92.6 ± 2.3% to 63.7 ± 11.1% in four sow farms in Croatia was detected. In migration studies, BADGE could be identified as a causal toxic compound and leached into the extended semen in concentration of 0.37 ± 0.05 mg/L. Detailed spermatological studies showed that significant predictors for effects on spermatozoa were different levels of motility and kinematic data after a prolonged storage time, thermo-resistance test (prolonged incubation time), mitochondrial activity, membrane integrity and fluidity. No serious effects were observed for sperm morphology and DNA fragmentation. These results provide new insights into the development of a new quality assurance concept for a detailed spermatological examination during testing of plastic materials for boar semen preservation. It could be shown that boar spermatozoa are an excellent biosensor to detect potential toxicity and fertility-relevant compounds.

scholarly journals Study of the Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in a Controlled Composting Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Vaverková ◽  
František Toman ◽  
Dana Adamcová ◽  
Jana Kotovicová
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Material ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Scale Test

Study of the Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in a Controlled Composting EnvironmentThe objective of this study was to determine the degrability/biodegradability of disposable plastic bags available on the market that are labeled as degradable/biodegradable and those certified as compost. The investigated materials were obtained from chain stores in the Czech Republic and Poland. Seven kinds of bags (commercially available) were used in this study. One of them was a disposable bag made of HDPE and mixed with totally degradable plastic additive (TDPA additive). Another was a disposable made of polyethylene with the addition of pro-oxidant additive (d2w additive). One was labeled as 100% degradable within various periods of time, from three months up to three years, and four were certified as compostable. The test was carried out in a controlled composting environment. The biodisintegration degree of the obtained pieces was evaluated following a modified version of ČSN EN 14806 Norm "Packaging - Preliminary evaluation of the disintegration of the packaging materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory scale test" and a modified version of ČSN EN ISO 20200 "Plastics - Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in laboratory-scale test" (ISO 20200:2004). The emphasis was put on determination whether the bags are degradable/biodegradable or not.

Working Memory for Movements

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary M. Smyth ◽  
Lindsay R. Pendleton
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
The Right ◽  
Spatial Locations ◽  
With Memory

Movement to spatial targets that can, in principle, be carried out by more than one effector can be distinguished from movements that involve specific configurations of body parts. The experiments reported here investigate memory span for a series of hand configurations and memory span for a series of hand movements to spatial locations. Spans were produced normally, or in conditions in which a suppression task was carried out on the right or the left hand while the movements to be remembered were presented. All movements were recalled using the right hand. There were two suppression tasks. One involved repeatedly squeezing a tube and so changing the configuration of the hand, and the other involved tapping a repeated series of spatial targets. The spatial tapping task interfered with span for spatial locations when it was presented on either the right or the left hand but did not affect span for movement pattern. The movement suppression task interfered with memory for movement pattern when it was presented on either the right or the left hand, but did not interfere with span for spatial locations. It is concluded that memory for movement configurations involves different processes from those used in spatial tasks and that there may be a need for a subsystem of working memory that is specific for movement configuration.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Functional Barrier Properties of Chitosan Acetate Films with Conventionally Applied Polymers

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3491
Author(s):  
Andrea Walzl ◽  
Samir Kopacic ◽  
Wolfgang Bauer ◽  
Erich Leitner
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Films ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Oil Hydrocarbons ◽  
Migration Experiment ◽  
Materials Used

The current demand to cut back on the use of plastic materials has brought a major boost to the search for bio-based alternatives. Not only are plastic bags and primary food packaging under scrutiny here, but also those materials used as functional barriers to reduce, for example, the migration of mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) from recycled paper and board packaging. Most of the barriers now in use are synthetic, often have only moderate barrier functionalities and in addition reduce the environmentally-friendly character of cellulose-based materials. Against this background, bio-based polymers have been evaluated in terms of their functional barrier properties. Chitosan was found to be among the best performers in these materials. In this study, the behavior of a lab-made chitosan acetate film was compared with conventionally produced polymer films. The two-sided migration experiment described recently was used to determine the barrier properties of the tested materials. This not only allowed to test the intrinsic migration of the films and the permeation through them, but also to simulate real packaging situations by using a recycled paper as donor for MOH. The migrated fractions were determined using gas-chromatography-based techniques. While the conventionally produced polymer films showed only moderate barrier function, excellent results were seen for the biopolymer. It reduced the migration from the recycled paper to not detectable, singling it out as a good alternative to conventional materials.

Unusual presentation of acute compartment syndrome of the forearm and hand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e235980
Author(s):  
Ruchi Maniar ◽  
Ali Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Abdur Rehman ◽  
Nikos Reissis
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Left Forearm ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Good Healing ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Unknown Period

A 49-year-old man was referred to orthopaedics with an acute onset of left forearm and hand swelling, widespread blisters and erythema after lying face down on the floor for an unknown period of time. He also presented with left wrist stiffness due to pain and clawing of the fingers and glove-type loss of sensation in the whole hand. Any attempt to straighten the fingers or extend the wrist exacerbated the pain. Symptoms deteriorated rapidly. Compartment syndrome was diagnosed and surgical fasciotomies of his left forearm and left hand were performed following multidisciplinary urgent discussions between plastic surgeons, microbiologists, anaesthetists and orthopaedic surgeons. The left forearm and left hand underwent extensive decompression and subsequent skin grafting and had good healing despite the initial skin presentation. The patient has made a satisfactory recovery and has required extensive hand physiotherapy and social care.

scholarly journals Plastic Food Packaging: Perceptions and Attitudes of Portuguese Consumers about Environmental Impact and Recycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9953
Author(s):  
Morgana Weber Macena ◽  
Rita Carvalho ◽  
Luísa Paula Cruz-Lopes ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Plastic Packages ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Strongly Agree

The use of plastics for packaging has some advantages, since they are flexible and inexpensive. However, most plastics are of single use, which, combined with low recycling or reuse ratios, contributes substantially to environmental pollution. This work is part of a project studying the habits of Portuguese citizens concerning plastic food packaging and focuses on aspects related to sustainability. The survey was carried out via an online questionnaire about sustainability, recycling, and knowledge of the effects of plastic materials or their residues on the environment. The results were obtained based on a statistical analysis of the data. The participants tend to think about the negative impact of plastic packages on the environment; 39% sometimes do not buy plastic; and 30% try to look for alternatives. A substantial fraction, 81%, support the avoidance of plastic utensils and reduction in the use of plastic bags. Most participants have a good knowledge of recycling and strongly agree with the use of recycled materials, and 87% of respondents practice separation of different types of waste for recycling. Changing plastic consumption habits has not been an easy task. Nevertheless, it is expected that society will increasingly move toward sustainable habits, questioning its actions and considering their impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Accidental radioisotope burns - Management of late sequelae

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S88-S91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipin T. Varghese ◽  
Shaji Thomas ◽  
Balakrishnan Nair ◽  
Mathew P. C. ◽  
Paul Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Suppression ◽  
Tensor Fascia Lata ◽  
Early Presentation ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Wound Excision ◽  
Recurrent Ulcers ◽  
Tfl Flap

ABSTRACTAccidental radioisotope burns are rare. The major components of radiation injury are burns, interstitial pneumonitis, acute bone marrow suppression, acute renal failure and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Radiation burns, though localized in distribution, have systemic effects, and can be extremely difficult to heal, even after multiple surgeries. In a 25 year old male who sustained such trauma by accidental industrial exposure to Iridium192 the early presentation involved recurrent haematemesis, pancytopenia and bone marrow suppression. After three weeks he developed burns in contact areas in the left hand, left side of the chest, abdomen and right inguinal region. All except the inguinal wound healed spontaneously but the former became a non-healing ulcer. Pancytopenia and bone marrow depression followed. He was treated with morphine and NSAIDs, epidural buprinorphine and bupivicaine for pain relief, steroids, antibiotics followed by wound excision and reconstruction with tensor fascia lata(TFL) flap. Patient had breakdown of abdominal scar later and it was excised with 0.5 cm margins up to the underlying muscle and the wound was covered by a latissimis dorsi flap. Further scar break down and recurrent ulcers occurred at different sites including left wrist, left thumb and right heel in the next two years which needed multiple surgical interventions.

scholarly journals Tools design of bread production process to minimize musculoskeletal disorders based on OCRA method

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Bidiawati ◽  
Lestari Setiawati ◽  
Yulia Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Human Energy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Body Map ◽  
Bread Production ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The Right

Less supportive working methods may lead operators inconvenience while working. This discomfort can be caused by a non-ergonomic work environment. Bread baking process is done manually using human energy. This work is done repeatedly for a long time, thereby posing a risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This is at risk of causing pain in some parts of the worker's body. Ergonomic work facilities and equipment are essential to minimize risk at work. The result of NBM (Nordic Body Map) questionnaire indicate that the biggest complaint is on the right back of the worker's arm and shoulders. In baking process, the operator must bend almost 90 degrees. This posture can cause health problems, especially musculoskeletal.  Based on observations using the OCRA (Occuptional Repetitive Action) method, the OCRA index value for the right hand is 8.56 and for the left hand is 7.84, with the red area and the average category of risk. Therefore, a trolley is designed in this study as a tool to minimize musculoskeletal complaints, using workers anthropometric data.  

scholarly journals Pemetaan Potensi Muskuloskletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Aktivitas Manual Material Handling (MMH) Kelapa Sawit

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Zulfhi Surya
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Manual Material Handling ◽  
Lower Neck ◽  
The Right

<p>Palm oil (Elaeis) is an important industrial plants producing cooking oil, industrial oil, and fuel (biodiesel) as the palm oil business is currently exceptional. Work activities in palm oil plantations, especially, loading and unloading are potentially causing Musculoskletal Disorders (MSDs). Manual Materials Handling (MMH) activities in palm oil business potentially occurs MSDs at (1) the upper neck; (2) the lower neck; (3) the left shoulder; (4) the right shoulder; (5) the backs; (6) on the right arm; (7) under the left arm; (8) the right forearm; (9) the left wrist; (10) the right wrist; (11) the left hand; and (12) the right hand. MSDs happens due to these 12 body parts are in direct contact with the activities. The primary cause of MSDs is unnatural working attitude and excessive muscle tension began from the design of a working system that is designed not in accordance with the workers’ limitations.</p><p>Keywords: Palm Oil, Musculoskletal Disorders, Manual Material Handling</p>

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