scholarly journals Institutional Traps of Digitalization of Russian Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
M. A. Golovchin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Original Matrix ◽  
Russian Higher Education ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Institutional Traps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Russian Universities

In 2016-2018 the state in Russia adopted a package of program documents, which implies the transfer of education to the large-scale introduction of digital technologies. This phenomenon has been called “digitalization of education”. In scientific literature, electronization and digitalization are increasingly called one of the institutional traps for the development of Russian universities, since the corresponding institutional environment has not yet been formed due to the forced nature of innovations. As a result, the processes of introducing new technologies into education are still not regulated. Within the framework of the purpose of the study, the manifestations of the trap of electronization and digitalization of Russian higher education were analyzed on the basis of sociological data, and the theoretical modeling of the process of adaptation of educational agents to the institution of digitalization was carried out.In the course of the study, the approaches were summarized that have been developed in discussions on educational digitalization. The article presents the author’s vision of the studied phenomenon as an institutional trap; as well as understanding of the institutional features and characteristics of electronization and digitalization in education.The research method is the analysis of estimates obtained in the course of an expert survey which was conducted by the Vologda Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences among the representatives of the teaching staff of state universities in the Vologda region. In the course of this analysis, the indicators of educational digitalization as an effective innovation were clarified such as an increased accessibility of educational resources; simplification of communication and the process of transferring knowledge from teacher to student; increased opportunities for training specialists for the new (digital) economy; improving the quality of education in universities, etc. Based on the results of the empirical study, it has been determined that the conditions for the development of digitalization in Russian universities are currently ambiguous, which is closely related to the level of competitiveness of the educational organization.The scientific novelty of the research consists in the presentation of an original matrix describing the process of university employees adaptation to the conditions of digital transformation of education. The matrix is proposed on the basis of a sociological analysis of the impact of the trap of electronization and digitalization on the activities of educational agents. The matrix can be taken into account in the practice of higher education management.

scholarly journals Responses to the Challenges of Training and Retaining Scholars in Russian Academia

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-187
Author(s):  
Elena Denisova-Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Staff Development ◽  
Academic Dishonesty ◽  
Education System ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Russian Higher Education ◽  
Russian Universities

he Russian higher education system is currently facing the mounting challenges of competition, internationalisation, restrictions on academic freedom, inequalities in access, massification, academic dishonesty and corruption. This paper discusses how Russian universities are able to develop, attract and retain academics in the profession under such difficult conditions. Analysing two recent and ongoing large-scale measures − the reform of doctoral education (staff development) and effective contracts (employee retention) – the author argues that the remaining improper dependencies among the actors and institutions involved should be considered more seriously. This case might be applicable beyond Russia and other post-Soviet countries, as anti-corruption reforms can often result in unintended consequences.

The academic profession in Russia’s two capitals: The impact of 20 years of transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Sivak ◽  
Maria Yudkevich
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Academic Profession ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Personal Strain ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Russian Universities

This paper studies the dynamics of key characteristics of the academic profession in Russia based on the analysis of university faculty in the two largest cities in Russia – Moscow and St Petersburg. We use data on Russian university faculty from two large-scale comparative studies of the academic profession (‘The Carnegie Study’ carried out in 1992 in 14 countries, including Russia, and ‘The Changing Academic Profession Study’, 2007–2012, with 19 participating countries and which Russia joined in 2012) to look at how faculty’s characteristics and attitudes toward different aspects of their academic life changed over 20 years (1992–2011) such as faculty’s views on reasons to leave or to stay at a university, on university’s management and the role of faculty in decision making. Using the example of universities in the two largest Russian cities, we demonstrate that the high degree of overall centralization of governance in Russian universities barely changed in 20 years. Our paper provides comparisons of teaching/research preferences and views on statements concerning personal strain associated with work, academic career perspectives, etc., not only in Russian universities between the years 1992 and 2012, but also in Russia and other ‘Changing Academic Profession’ countries.

scholarly journals Desafíos para responder a las necesidades de formación docente en Educación Media Superior / Challenges to Respond to the Needs of Educational Training in Higher Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Dr. José de la luz Sánchez Tepatzi ◽  
Dra. María Valentina Téllez Montes ◽  
Mtro. Alejandro Sánchez Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Context Data ◽  
Higher Secondary Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Formación Docente

ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the proposal of the Integral Reform of Higher Secondary Education (RIEMS) to meet the training needs of teachers of that educational level and the challenges for its implementation. To put this proposal in context, data from a study carried out in the state of Tlaxcala in 2014 are retaken. One of the fields that he was investigating were professional profiles and training needs. The results of the study indicate that their needs are mainly related to fields related to didactics, and the areas of greatest deficiency revealed by large-scale evaluations. Different studies emphasize problems in training: the scarce approach with teachers to identify their needs, the absence of a pedagogical system that responds to the conditions of teachers, and few studies of the impact of training on improving teaching and learning.RESUMENEste trabajo analiza la propuesta de la Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior (RIEMS) para atender las necesidades de formación de los profesores de ese nivel educativo y los retos para su implementación. Para poner en contexto dicha propuesta se retoman datos de un estudio realizado en el estado de Tlaxcala en el año 2014. Uno de los campos que indagaba eran los perfiles profesionales y las necesidades de formación. Los resultados del estudio señalan que sus necesidades versan principalmente en torno a campos relacionados con la didáctica, y las áreas de mayor deficiencia que revelan las evaluaciones de gran escala. Distintos estudios enfatizan como problemas en la formación: el escaso acercamiento con los docentes para identificar sus necesidades, ausencia de un sistema pedagógico que responda a las condiciones de los profesores, y pocos estudios del impacto de la formación en la mejora de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.

scholarly journals Study of Nanotechnology and Its Application

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar Gupta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Rapid Sampling ◽  
The Impact

Nanotechnology is new frontiers of this century. The world is facing great challenges in meeting rising demands for basic commodities(e.g., food, water and energy), finished goods (e.g., cellphones, cars and airplanes) and services (e.g., shelter, healthcare and employment) while reducing and minimizing the impact of human activities on Earth’s global environment and climate. Nanotechnology has emerged as a versatile platform that could provide efficient, cost-effective and environmentally acceptable solutions to the global sustainability challenges facing society. In recent years there has been a rapid increase in nanotechnology in the fields of medicine and more specifically in targeted drug delivery. Opportunities of utilizing nanotechnology to address global challenges in (1) water purification, (2) clean energy technologies, (3) greenhouse gases management, (4) materials supply and utilization, and (5) green manufacturing and hemistry. Smart delivery of nutrients, bio-separation of proteins, rapid sampling of biological and chemical contaminants, and nano encapsulation of nutraceuticals are some of the emerging topics of nanotechnology for food and agriculture. Nanotechnology is helping to considerably improve, even revolutionize, many technology and Industry sectors: information technology, energy, environmental science, medicine, homeland security, food safety, and transportation, among many others. Today’s nanotechnology harnesses current progress in chemistry, physics, materials science, and biotechnology to create novel materials that have unique properties because their structures are determined on the nanometer scale. This paper summarizes the various applications of nanotechnology in recent decades Nanotechnology is one of the leading scientific fields today since it combines knowledge from the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine, Informatics, and Engineering. It is an emerging technological field with great potential to lead in great breakthroughs that can be applied in real life. Novel Nano and biomaterials, and Nano devices are fabricated and controlled by nanotechnology tools and techniques, which investigate and tune the properties, responses, and functions of living and non-living matter, at sizes below100 nm. The application and use of Nano materials in electronic and mechanical devices, in optical and magnetic components, quantum computing, tissue engineering, and other biotechnologies, with smallest features, widths well below 100 nm, are the economically most important parts of the nanotechnology nowadays and presumably in the near future. The number of Nano products is rapidly growing since more and more Nano engineered materials are reaching the global market the continuous revolution in nanotechnology will result in the fabrication of nanomaterial with properties and functionalities which are going to have positive changes in the lives of our citizens, be it in health, environment, electronics or any other field. In the energy generation challenge where the conventional fuel resources cannot remain the dominant energy source, taking into account the increasing consumption demand and the CO2 .Emissions alternative renewable energy sources based on new technologies have to be promoted. Innovative solar cell technologies that utilize nanostructured materials and composite systems such as organic photovoltaic offer great technological potential due to their attractive properties such as the potential of large-scale and low-cost roll-to-roll manufacturing processes

scholarly journals The Impact of New Technologies and Human Capital on the Contribution of New Ways to the Economy of the Regions of the Northwest Federal District

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Pskov Region ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Econometric impact assessments of new technologies and human capital on a contribution of new technological ways to per capita GDP in regions of Northwest Federal District of Russia are received. Coefficients of elasticity of a contribution of new ways to per capita GDP on use of the new technologies estimated by armament the work equity new fixed assets and for use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education are estimated. The use of new technologies is the most effective in St. Petersburg, in the Murmansk, Leningrad regions and in the Komi Republic. Efficiency use of new technologies in the Pskov region is the lowest. The human capital is most effectively in the Komi Republic, the Murmansk and Leningrad regions. Efficiency use of a human capital in the Pskov region is the lowest.

scholarly journals The Research on the Global Competitiveness of the Leading Russian Universities

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
V. S. Senashenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
University Ranking ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Russian Higher Education ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Russian Universities

The article is a review of a monograph “The Global Competitiveness of Leading Universities: Models and Methods for Estimating and Forecasting” written by I.P. Boiko, V.G. Khalin, E.M. Anokhina. The book discusses the models and methods for university competitiveness assessment, approaches to the formation of university ranking, specific problems concerning improving of the competitiveness of Russian universities and the system of Russian higher education. The reviewed monograph will be useful to a wide range of readers who are interested in the development of the Russian higher education system.

Consortium of online digital libraries: the experience of 280 universities in Russia and the CIS countries

Infolib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Anastasia Privalova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Russian Higher Education ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Russian Universities

The activity of the modern university library is connected, among other things, with the creation of strong links between different educational and scientific organizations. The goal of such cooperation is to improve the quality and accessibility of Russian higher education, including its digital forms. These problems are solved by a non-profit project of the electronic library system Lan, called Consortium of Network Electronic Libraries (Consortium NEL). It helps universities to optimize costs, increase the number of books and manuals for free. The project already involves 284 universities from Russia and the CIS countries (Kazakhstan, Belarus). Their publications form a book collection of 37 000 textbooks, manuals, workshops and lecture courses on the Lan’s platform. The article describes how the project was created, what is its current state and what are its opportunities. The experience of 284 Russian universities and universities of the CIS countries can be useful for libraries of all educational organizations.

Statistical Analysis of the Dynamics of Performance Indicators of Russian Universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
A. V. Melikyan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Publication Activity ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Russian Higher Education ◽  
Passing Score

The article presents the results of a study based on statistical methods for analyzing trends in the Russian higher education system over the five-year period preceding the global crisis provoked by the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19. This study is one of the first attempts at a large-scale analysis of the growth rates of the performance indicators of universities in recent years. Its results, according to the author, make it possible to form both a general picture of changes in Russian higher education and a detailed picture for individual groups of universities.The author has analyzed the dynamics of six indicators of the activity of organizations of higher professional education (535 universities from 80 constituent entities of the Russian Federation): the passing score of the Unified State Examination (USE), the qualifications of academic staff, their publication activity, the internationalization of the student body, the profitability of activities and the provision of educational and laboratory premises. Trends in the change in the values of these indicators are revealed depending on the form of ownership, specialization and status of the university.It was found that, in general, the average values of the indicators for five years increased: the passing score of the USE - by 5%; the share of the teaching staff with an academic degree in the total number of teaching staff - by 5%; the number of publications per one scientific and pedagogical worker (SPW) - 2.2 times; the share of foreign students in the total number of students - 1.5 times; profitability of activities - 1.3 times; the total area of educational and laboratory premises - by 8%.At the same time, in non-state universities, the USE passing score has decreased, and they lag behind state universities in terms of growth in the publication activity of the teaching staff and the internationalization of the student body. However, their results are higher in terms of the growth of profitability of activities and provision of educational and laboratory premises.Specialized universities have achieved an increase in the indicators of the publication activity of academic staff and the internationalization of the student body. Among the negative trends, a decrease in the passing score of the USE in medical universities, as well as in the equipment of teaching and laboratory facilities of medical and sports universities, was revealed.The highest growth in the publication activity of SPW was observed in national research universities (24.5%), and in the internationalization of the student body - in federal universities (33.3%).Changes in the operating conditions of universities during a pandemic are likely to have an ambiguous effect on the analyzed indicators in subsequent periods. For their adequate assessment, it may be necessary to adjust the methodology for calculating indicators of the activity of higher education institutions, taking into account their intensive use of distance learning technologies.

Privacy Factors for Successful Ubiquitous Computing

2010 ◽  
pp. 1408-1424
Author(s):  
Linda Little ◽  
Pam Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Impact

Certain privacy principles have been established by industry, (e.g. USCAM, 2006). Over the past two years, we have been trying to understand whether such principles reflect the concerns of the ordinary citizen. We have developed a method of enquiry which displays a rich context to the user in order to elicit more detailed information about those privacy factors that underpin our acceptance of ubiquitous computing. To investigate use and acceptance Videotaped Activity Scenarios specifically related to the exchange of health, financial, shopping and e-voting information and a large scale survey were used. We present a detailed analysis of user concerns firstly in terms of a set of constructs that might reflect user-generated privacy principles; secondly those factors likely to play a key role in an individual’s cost-benefit analysis and thirdly, longer-term concerns of the citizen in terms of the impact of new technologies on social engagement and human values.

Psychiatric epidemiology: Looking to the future

2020 ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Jayati Das-Munshi ◽  
Tamsin Ford ◽  
Matthew Hotopf ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
Robert Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

In this final chapter to the second edition of Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology, developments in psychiatric epidemiology since the first edition are summarized and the editors offer a view on where the future may lie. The themes summarized in this chapter include those related to large-scale datasets or ‘big data’, new technologies and science communication (including data generated through GPS tracking systems and the impact of social media), expanding biological data and biobanks, as well as the impact of globalization, migration, and culture on understanding psychiatric epidemiological principles. The last part of this chapter raises the important issue of open science initiatives. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion on the constancy and ongoing evolution of psychiatric epidemiology.

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