scholarly journals Geological exploration and industrial development of the Bilozerskyi iron ore region

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
O. A. Lysenko ◽  
R. P. Kolotiievskyi ◽  
A. S. Stankin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Mine Development

The latest information on geological and structural position and geological structure of deposits of rich iron ores of the Belozerskyi iron ore district is summarized, and the state of their industrial development is characterized. During the exploitation of the Pivdenno-Bilozirske and Pereverzivske deposits, due to geological study, mining exploration and additional exploration of deep horizons, specialized and feasibility study a significant amount of new geological data has been received. This data allowed to clarify the position, morphology and internal structure of ore bodies, qualitative, physical and mechanical properties of ores and enclosing rocks, hydrogeological, geological, engineering and mining conditions. The article presents the results of the analysis and interpretation of the latest geological information and actual data on the mine development of deposits – modern views on the geological structure of objects, the characteristics of the basic natural conditions and parameters that affect the efficiency of industrial mining of rich iron ores. The state of geological prospecting in the region is very uneven. The most studied are the Pivdenno-Bilozirska and Pereverzivska fields, which are currently being developed. The rich iron ores of these deposits are classified as high quality in both Ukraine and Europe. These ores do not require beneficiation and are suitable for agglomeration and open-hearth process. This circumstance helps to reduce the cost of mining and increase the commercial efficiency. For the mine development of both deposits, a common infrastructure is used – permanent mine openings, mine shafts, support facilities and services. Joint development of the deposits will ensure the long-term stable operation of the plant without reducing the production of rich iron ores. The deposits are characterized by difficult mining and technical operating conditions. The ore deposits are covered by a cover up to 250–350 meters of loose water-saturated sedimentary deposits. The iron ore strata and the host rocks have heterogeneous physical and mechanical properties. Iron ores are mined using a productive level-room system. Empty rooms are filled consolidating stowing. The advanced drainage and continuous groundwater withdrawal from mines are used in the mining process. The progressive system of iron ores mining ensures: preservation of the productivity and quality of aquifers, which are used for municipal water supply; preservation of the earth’s surface from avalanches and landslides in the mining area; stable environmental conditions at the plant area and in the surrounding area; efficiency and completeness of extraction of iron ores from the bowels; the optimal level of economic indicators of the enterprise.

Structure and properties of compact articles from high-alloyed iron powder with adding of boron nitride

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
B. O. Bolshakov ◽  
◽  
R. F. Galiakbarov ◽  
A. M. Smyslov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Wide Range

The results of the research of structure and properties of a composite compact from 13 Cr – 2 Мо and BN powders depending on the concentration of boron nitride are provided. It is shown that adding boron nitride in an amount of more than 2% by weight of the charge mixture leads to the formation of extended grain boundary porosity and finely dispersed BN layers in the structure, which provides a high level of wearing properties of the material. The effect of boron nitride concentration on physical and mechanical properties is determined. It was found that the introduction of a small amount of BN (up to 2 % by weight) into the compacts leads to an increase in plasticity, bending strength, and toughness by reducing the friction forces between the metal powder particles during pressing and a more complete grain boundary diffusion process during sintering. The formation of a regulated structure-phase composition of powder compacts of 13 Cr – 2 Mо – BN when the content of boron nitride changes in them allows us to provide the specified physical and mechanical properties in a wide range. The obtained results of studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the developed material allow us to reasonably choose the necessary composition of the powder compact for sealing structures of the flow part of steam turbines, depending on their operating conditions.

Features of Numerical Modeling In Situ Stress State Massive of Rocky and Issues of Verification of the Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan E. Sas ◽  
Elena B. Cherepetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Jointed Rock ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Building Foundation ◽  
State Stress

Modern buildings erected on bedrock or is to be equipped directly in an array (in particular hydroelectric power stations, underground storage facilities and soon), are technically complex, often unique objects construction. At the same time, the cost of design and construction of such facilities is very high. In this context, particular relevance is the question of stable and safe operation of facilities. Now, generally recognized that the study of the functioning of large technical systems (such as the base - structure) with a randomly varying characteristics most adequately carried out was done by different types of complex modeling, particularly mathematical, simulation, and in some cases - physical modeling [3]. However, before moving to a system of «building/foundation» is necessary to examine the massif in situ. Modern software systems (such as Plaxis, ZSoil, Comsol, Abaqus, and soon) have are significant opportunities that allow to make calculations with high accuracy. In particular, implemented a specialized model of soils, such as models of Hoek-Brown, Jointed Rock and others [5]. They allow you to get a more objective picture of the state stress of the array according to the degree of fracturing and anisotropy properties. They allow you to get a more objective picture of the state stress of the array according to the degree of fracturing and anisotropy properties. In addition, is possible a reflection of the detailed features of the geological structure in the 3D calculation that gives an idea of the influence of the field to an array of building/foundation. But, it is necessary to understand that the simulation is based on idealization and averaging the physical and mechanical properties of the medium under study. The inevitable errors and inaccuracies in the calculations. As a real rock massif is a complex system, in the work showed of drawing up an analysis of structural models and their implementation using conventional concepts and a more detailed study. The isolation of the structural elements and boundaries in an array of rocky soils should be approached with special attention. This is due, primarily, with the features of the geological structure of the study area: for example, improperly allocate lithological boundaries as in the case of consideration arrays dispersed soils, because rocky soils is a monolithic solid. Select elements should be performed in accordance with the characteristic feature, such as a fracture, blocking and so on. Besides the issue of numerical modeling of rock masses, in the issues of verification data obtained by numerical method. With the increasing complexity of the technical constructions, increasingly there is a need to verify the results of numerical simulations with actual operating voltage value in the array. Since the field of stress research methods is very expensive and labor-intensive, trade-off seems logical to use in the verification of the results of numerical modeling of acoustic emission (AE) [6]. This method may be used in combination of laboratory tests. With this approach, it is possible to achieve significant improvements in the quality of the received information.

scholarly journals Physical and mechanical properties of the rocks of the Starobinsky deposit forming the Third potash layer and its roof

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-494
Author(s):  
A. B. Petrovsky ◽  
V. Ya. Prushak ◽  
E. A. Lutovich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Roof Falling ◽  
Main Factor

The geological structure and the physical-mechanical properties of rocks composing and overlapping the Third potash formation in the areas of the mine field mine No. 4 JSC Belaruskali, which are scheduled to practice, are studied. The geological sections of the Third potash layer and its roof were built, the thickness of sylvinite and halite layers was measured, the roof falling of the rocks of the layer with a height of up to 20 m was assessed, and the type of immediate roof was determined by the composition and structure of its constituent rocks. It was established that the strength under uniaxial compression of both sylvinite and halite layers for the areas under consideration differs slightly. Therefore, to solve engineering problems of ensuring the stability of mine workings and to calculate fastening parameters, strength values averaged over the groups of layers can be used that correlate well with the percentage of weak and clay interlayers. The same applies to Poisson’s ratio, the values of which for various layers of formation are slightly different and can be taken by their averaging. It is shown that the main factor that negatively affects the strength of rocks occurring in the roof of the Third potash seam is the presence of weak and clay interlayers, which increases with depth. The introduction of the obtained results allows us to improve the calculation accuracy of securing mining parameters, to reduce the costs of their maintenance, and to improve the safety of mining operations in developing the Third potash formation in complex geological and mining conditions.

Estimation of geophysical and physical and mechanical properties on the example of quaternary soils of Sergiev Posad district

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
V. V. Romanov ◽  
D. S. Daev ◽  
L. E. Chesalov ◽  
A. I. Poserenin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Radioactive Substance ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Near Surface Geophysics

The Sergiev Posad polygon of the MGRI-RSGPU is located on the watershed of the Pazha and Torgosha rivers located on the southern slope of the Klinsky-Dmitrovsky ridge; geologically, the upper part of its section is composed of clay soils of Quaternary and Cretaceous age. The paper gives an analysis of the values of seismic, electrical and physical and mechanical properties of soils, as well as resistivity of water sources and reservoirs. Main methods of near-surface geophysics allow obtaining this information. The performed methods made it possible to specify the geological structure of the first 15 meters of the section, to refine the hydrogeological conditions of the test site, to determine the properties of the grounds as bases for buildings and structures. Also, the effect of the radioactive substance oonthe state of the underlying soils has been established by means of a specially prepared soil radiometer plate .

CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE FOAM FROM MAIZENA FLOUR AND PAPER WASTE FOR SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Arya Yudanto ◽  
Isti Pudjihastuti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Best Value

Biodegradable Foam (Biofoam) production is an effort to reduce plastic waste in Indonesia. This product is made to replace Styrofoam, whose raw material is carcinogenic in the form of styrene which cannot be dissolved by the digestive system and is difficult to excrete through urine or feces which can trigger the growth of cancer in the long term and is harmful to the environment. Biofoam in this study is made from cornstarch with the addition of cellulose taken from paper waste. Based on the research that has been done, cornstarch-based biofoam with the addition of cellulose from paper waste as a biofiller can affect the physical and mechanical characteristics of the biofoam produced. The biofoam with a starch:cellulose ratio of 13:10 grams resulted in the best value of water adsorption in the amount 47.26%, also give the best result on tensile strength value and biodegradability value in the amount of 4.548 MPa and 11.943%. The addition of cellulose to the biofoam mixture in an appropriate amount will reduce the water absorption value of the biofoam. Because cellulose can cover the cavities generated by the starch expansion process in the biofoam. Therefore, the addition of cellulose also affects the mechanical properties of biofoam, namely tensile strength. Where the low filler composition in the biofoam will increase the tensile strength, but when the filler composition has passed an optimum point, the filler particles will experience agglomeration thereby reducing the tensile strength of the biofoam product. The variation in operating conditions in the manufacture of starch-based biofoam with the addition of a biofiller in the form of cellulose from paper waste did not significantly affect it. The variation in operating conditions only affects the visual appearance of the biofoam produced. Biofoam samples with the best visual appearance were produced at an operating temperature of 160 ? with an operating time of 30 minutes. Where high temperatures can affect th

Study of the influence of the efficiency of application of asphalt concrete reinforced by basaltic fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Artur Onyshchenko ◽  
◽  
Mykola Garkusha ◽  
Oleksandr Fedorenko ◽  
Yevgen Plazii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Increasing the load on highways and constantly increasing the intensity of traffic requires the use of road construction materials with improved physical and mechanical properties. Asphalt concrete is one of the most common and effective materials, which allows to provide the necessary strength and durability of the pavement structure. However, the use of traditional materials for its preparation - mineral material and road bitumen has a limited resource, which does not always meet traffic conditions. Modern scientific research in materials science allows to use mixtures of asphalt concrete and asphalt concrete road with the use of basalt fiber.Apply mixtures of asphalt concrete and asphalt concrete road with the use of basalt fiber, allows to increase the mechanical characteristics - tensile strength and resistance to fatigue from repeated loads, which increases the crack resistance of asphalt concrete layers of pavement structures, as well as increases resistance to shape change. accumulation of residual deformations.Problem Statement. From the literature analysis it is established that the coating of non-rigid pavement is in difficult operating conditions, which is confirmed by the intensive growth of defects in the form of tracks, landslides, inflows, cracks, due to increasing parameters of transport loads and high summer temperatures, so there is a need new materials.Purpose. Is to study the impact of the effectiveness of asphalt concrete reinforced with basalt fiber.Results. The results of physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concretes with the use of basalt fiber are obtained. The results of formation of residual deformations in the form of track in asphalt concrete with the use of basalt fiber are obtained. As a result of the conducted researches the analysis of efficiency of application of basalt fiber in asphalt concrete mix is executed.On the basis of the carried-out researches the basic requirements to asphalt concrete mix with use of basalt fiber are establishedConclusions. The research results were used in the development of regulations for the design, construction and repair of asphalt layers of roads in Ukraine.Keywords: asphalt concrete road with basalt fiber, asphalt concrete mixes with basalt fiber, loading, covering, stability, temperature.

scholarly journals Influence of the Soil Genesis on Physical and Mechanical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Marschalko ◽  
Işık Yilmaz ◽  
Lucie Fojtová ◽  
Karel Kubečka ◽  
Tomáš Bouchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Soil Genesis ◽  
Foundation Soil ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations

The paper deals with the influence of soil genesis on the physical-mechanical properties. The presented case study was conducted in the region of the Ostrava Basin where there is a varied genetic composition of the Quaternary geological structure on the underlying Neogeneous sediments which are sediments of analogous granulometry but different genesis. In this study, 7827 soil samples of an eolian, fluvial, glacial, and deluvial origin and their laboratory analyses results were used. The study identified different values in certain cases, mostly in coarser-grained foundation soils, such as sandy loam S4 (MS) and clayey sand F4 (CS). The soils of the fluvial origin manifest different values than other genetic types. Next, based on regression analyses, dependence was proved neither on the deposition depth (depth of samples) nor from the point of view of the individual foundation soil classes or the genetic types. The contribution of the paper is to point at the influence of genesis on the foundation soil properties so that engineering geologists and geotechnicians pay more attention to the genesis during engineering-geological and geotechnical investigations.

scholarly journals Improvement of sub-level caving mining methods during high-grade iron ore mining

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
A.V. Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Mining Methods ◽  
Quantitative Recovery

Purpose. To improve of the sub-level caving mining methods during mining of deposits of high-grade iron ores by applying a rational mode and intensifying the ore drawing. Methodology. It included an analysis of scientific literature, design documentation and the practice of mining of deposits of high-grade iron-ores in complex geomechanical conditions of deep horizons of mines, to establish the formation of fundamentally new foundations of scientific-and-design solutions for the rational extraction of minerals; numerical (application a special computer software package PFC 3D) and physical (based on the application of volumetric physical models and equivalent materials) modeling of ore drawing, aimed at identifying regularities of recovery process depending on the mining-geological and mining conditions of the mining of deposits, and also the physical- and-mechanical properties of the loosened ore mass. Findings. Regularities of changes in the qualitative and quantitative recovery percentages depending on the intensity of the ore drawing and physical-and-mechanical properties of the ore have been established using numerical and physical simulation. The obtained regularities made it possible to substantiate the rational parameters of the structural elements of the technological scheme for drawing and delivery of ore. A linear-alternating condition of ore drawing was developed, which will ensure an increase in the extraction of pure ore up to 10% and, as a result, up to 4.6% of quantitative and up to 5.2% of qualitative indicators of ore percentages, as well as up to 1.5% of absolute quality of mined ore mass. Originality. Power-law dependencies of the change in the angle of ore tapping on the intensity of the ore drawing and the ultimate strength of the ore for uniaxial compression have been established as well as dependencies of the increase in the volume of the tapping figure, when a linear-alternating condition of ore drawing is applied, on the intensity of the ore drawing, the height of the collapsed ore layer and the ultimate strength of the ore for uniaxial compression. Practical value. A linear-alternating condition of ore drawing has been developed, the implementation of which in practice makes it possible to increase the qualitative and quantitative recovery percentages and eliminate the human factor while observing the ore drawing planograms.

scholarly journals Development of a polymer composition to protect textile material from bio-damage

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
A. Burkitbay ◽  
V. M. Satayeva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Textile Material ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Textile Materials

The article presents a method for increasing the microbiological resistance of textile materials under operating conditions. Studies were conducted using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), maleic acid (MA) and a solution of silver ions (SI). This fabric was treated with an dressing composition to improve the antimicrobial properties of the textile material. In addition, research has been conducted to identify the physical and mechanical properties of samples treated with different concentrations of dressing composition, to prevent negative effects on the protection function and practicality of wear. The study revealed the most optimal concentrations of the composition components: PVA - 8 g/l, SI - 50 ml/l, MA - 5 g/l.

scholarly journals Engineering and geological zoning of the Malmyzhsky deposit weathering crusts (Svoboda area)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Bobina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weathering Crust ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Porphyry Deposit ◽  
Geochemical Zoning ◽  
Copper Porphyry ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Weathering Crusts ◽  
Mine Development

Introduction. Interest in the study of weathering crusts arose at a time when geological engineers faced the problem of developing open pits formed by eluvial soils. However, the exact and detailed division of the weathering crusts into engineering-geological zones, especially when studying mineral deposits, is not given due attention even today. Therefore, in the course of prospecting, it is important to correctly determine weathering crust type and profile, and establish the possibility of changing the engineering and geological conditions when opening the rock mass by mine workings for further slope stability prediction of the designed mining structures. Research aim is to determine vertical engineering-geological zoning of the Malmyzhsky deposit weathering crusts (Svoboda area) and identify patterns in alluvial deposits physical and mechanical properties change, which define the safety of mine development. Methodology. A significant number of Russian and foreign scientists have considered the formation of weathering crusts from different positions. They established the geochemical zoning and engineeringgeological zoning of the weathering crusts. Results. The article describes the Svoboda area at the Malmyzhsky gold-copper-porphyry deposit. Engineering and geological zoning of the weathering crust section was carried out according to a set of features, including structural and textural features, mineral composition, physical and mechanical properties of rocks. Within it, three zones are identified at the Malmyzhsky field, the Svoboda area: IV – dispersed, III – litomarge, and II – clastic. Physical and mechanical properties of rock building up the considered weathering crust have been analyzed proving that change in geological conditions within even one zone of the Malmyzhsky gold-copper-porphyry deposit (Svoboda area) entails a change in the choice of projected pit wall angles.

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