GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS AS A COMMON DENOMINATOR OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE “POST-PANDEMIC” WORLD.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganira Ibrahimova
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Reproduction System ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Global World ◽  
The Impact

There are already numerous opinions and forecasts about what the world economy will look like in the nearest future, in the wake of a post-pandemic period. The global world is facing now а social and economic crisis, never experienced before, the COVID-19 pandemic became a very significant trigger changing the way the world production was conducted in the previous era. In these conditions, large and small businesses are trying to cooperate with each other within the Global Value chains framework, to survive. As the main drivers of global production and financial systems, large corporations had to improve, but it is still difficult to say how long it will take. On the other side, after the pandemic recession, it is becoming more and more obvious that SME sector has increased its impact not only within the national economies, but also in a global scale. A huge amount of financial and institutional support is being provided to the SME sector by the governments, which eventually will lead to an improvement in the International Capital Reproduction System. However, there is still a gap in existing connections within the global value chains, which makes a big challenge for this integration process to be achieved. Although many aspects of globalization are now clearly understood, still there is scarce information on the transforming relations between large companies and their partners - smaller firms and the ways the formers integrate into the Global Value Chains. This study aims to define the evolution of the role of SMEs in the global value chains, identify and assess the factors that contribute to the integration of SMEs into global value chains and explore the impact of GVC onto their institutional framework.

scholarly journals Development of regional transport and logistics systems in the transformation of Russia's role in global value chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 05010
Author(s):  
Natalia Verbitskaya
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies ◽  
New Jobs

This article discusses the transformational capabilities of regional transport and logistics systems in the context of global value chains development, the so-called GVCs (Global value chains) [1], also related to the mining industry in Russia. The GVCs in the world economy are associated with increasing the efficiency of using national economies resources, creating and maintaining new jobs, increasing welfare and political stability, considered in the context of sustainable global development.

scholarly journals COVID and Small Businesses in the U.S., China, and Russia: Three Models of Government Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p14
Author(s):  
Andrey Mikhailitchenko ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Sanjay Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

The impact of the world COVID crisis on small businesses was extremely destructive. Governments of different countries being aware of critical importance of small business sector to national economies and societies as a whole undertook measures aimed at SME support. While the devastating effect of COVID on small business is quite comparable across the world, the scale and efficiency of government protective measures differ a lot in various countries. In this paper we made an attempt of comparative analysis of governmental efforts to protect small business economies on the example of SMEs in three countries: the U.S., China, and Russia.

scholarly journals The role of global value chains in the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the world economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Reyna Myrna Paredes-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Economic Growth Model ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The biggest problem that this health crisis has presented is the strong impact it has had on the world economy. As never before, another phenomenon, the COVID-19 pandemic, has come to put world trade at serious risk. This article aims to expose that. The magnitude of the health crisis is a consequence of the development of the current economic growth model and the role that Global Value Chains, as a fundamental part of the structure of the economic growth model, have had on the impact that this health crisis has had on the worldwide economy.

scholarly journals Strategic Innovation as a Factor of Adaptation of National Economies to the Development of Global Value Chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9765
Author(s):  
Andrei G. Shelomentsev ◽  
Kseniya S. Goncharova ◽  
Igor M. Stepnov ◽  
Julia A. Kovalchuk ◽  
Do Huong Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Strategic Innovation ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies

In age of sustainable development, strategic innovations have become the most important factor in the adaptation of national economies to dynamic global changes, encompassing trade and economic relations between the leading and developing countries of the World. At the same time, the task of this study was to reveal the complex and contradictory role of strategic innovations in the development of national economies against the background of the transformation of global value chains (GVCs). Main methods for solving the problem were empirical methods of comparative and structural analysis, as well as econometrics. The study analyzed 44 countries classified by the World Bank in the group of countries with per capita incomes below and above the average, as well as with high income. Results of the calculations made it possible to establish a highly differentiated relationship between the share of products manufactured by foreign companies operating in the host countries, on the one hand, and indicators of the dynamics of foreign direct investment (the number of researchers engaged in R&D, the number of technical specialists involved in research and development (R&D), the cost of research and development in the territory of the host countries), on the other hand. This made it possible to determine the role of strategic innovation in the adaptation of national economies. The established dependencies expand the understanding of the role of strategic innovations in the formation and further development of global value chains and their significance in evolution: from process and product innovations of individual companies to the formation of global innovation ecosystems.

International trade: Research of the reasons for the fall

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Nazarov ◽  
S. S. Lazaryan ◽  
I. V. Nikonov ◽  
A. I. Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Basic Commodity ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of various factors on the growth rate of international trade. Many experts interpreted the cross-border flows of goods decline against the backdrop of a growing global economy as an alarming sign that indicates a slowdown in the processes of globalization. To determine the reasons for the dynamics of international trade, the decompositions of its growth rate were carried out and allowed to single out the effect of the dollar exchange rate, the commodities prices and global value chains on the change in the volume of trade. As a result, it was discovered that the most part of the dynamics of international trade is due to fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar and prices for basic commodity groups. The negative contribution of trade within global value chains in 2014 was also revealed. During the investigated period (2000—2014), such a picture was observed only in the crisis periods, which may indicate the beginning of structural changes in the world trade.

The Reasoning Structure in Legal Disputes on the International Trade of Biotechnology: From a Judicial Balance by Chance to a Judicial Balance by Design

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alessandra GUIDA
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Competing Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Biotech Products

The international trade in biotech products boosts national economies and advances scientific as well as technology innovation. However, while trading these products increases the spread of benefits on a global scale, it also increases risks to human health and the environment (ie biosafety). This is because the effects of this technology on biosafety are still highly uncertain. Against this background, the judicial bodies under the World Trade Organization (WTO) find themselves in the middle of an intricate and polarised debate in which a proper judicial balance between free trade and biosafety becomes fundamental in order to determine whether requests for ensuring human and environmental health justify trade restrictions. This paper aims to highlight that the WTO is institutionally unready for balancing economic and non-economic values. In suggesting how to rationalise the judicial balance between the competing interests in the context of biotechnology, this paper demonstrates that the judicial adoption of a well-structured proportionality analysis can turn the current balance by chance into a balance by structure.

Hospitalitas Kristen Yang Hampir Hilang Pada Kasus Kematian Salah Satu Anggota Masyarakat Di Dusun Beringin, Luwu Utara, Sulawesi Selatan Akibat Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
desna rura sarapang
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Global World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Christian Hospitality

The emergence of a new virus in the global world at the end of 2019, namely Corona Virus Disease 2019, brought tremendous excitement to all inhabitants of the earth. The emergence of this virus brings tremendous concern and fear to the world because the spread of this virus is quite fast, even the most frightening is that the risk of death of people exposed to this virus is very large. Indonesia itself, cannot avoid the impact of this Covid-19 case. As a form of efforts to prevent and minimize transmission of the virus, the Indonesian government has issued a social distancing / physical distancing recommendation. This situation also causes the interaction between communities to be very limited. This situation seems to be able to eliminate hospitality among the community. This paper aims to emphasize the importance of maintaining the value of Christian hospitality in society amid the Covid-19 pandemic.

Assessment of the positions of the exporting countries of agri-food products on the world market according to their role in global value chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
World Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
The World

The place in the rankings of agricultural exporting countries in world trade is estimated in terms of the volume of imports and exports of raw materials and food. However, to assess the efficiency of agricultural exports, it is important to analyze the value added of exported goods produced in the country. The position of the exporting country in global value chains is derived from the type of agricultural production, which in turn depends on the level of development of the national economy, the availability and breadth of use of modern high technologies. The article examines the concept of the development of world agriculture from the point of view of the formation of global value chains, set out in the report of the UN World Food Organization [1] in comparison with the political decisions of such countries as India and the People’s Republic of China in the development of agricultural and food exports. The paper analyzes the risks associated with the consolidation of developing countries as suppliers of agricultural raw materials, as well as the conditions and action plan that allow the country-exporter of agricultural raw materials to move to higher levels in the global value chains on the world market. This experience should be considered to make comprehensive and effective decisions on the formation of the export policy of agricultural products and food of the Russian Federation, considering the food security of the country.

The Impact of Global Value Chains on the Euro Area Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore Dorrucci ◽  
Vanessa Gunnella ◽  
Alexander Al-Haschimi ◽  
Konstantins Benkovskis ◽  
Francesco Chiacchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Participation of Kazakhstan Pharmaceutical Companies in Global Value Chains Authors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-485
Author(s):  
Elena D. Frolova ◽  
Zulparuza A. Abdurahkmanova ◽  
Alexander A. Ishukov
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Economies

Growing interest of national economies in global value chains (GVCs) and the lack of micro-level research brought us to study the integration of countries in GVCs at the enterprise level (using the example of the pharmaceutical industry). We examine the situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan that is beginning to integrate into GVCs. Results of a questionnaire survey of the country’s pharmaceutical companies are considered along with public statistics. We developed a methodology to analyse the participation of a national entity in GVCs at the micro-level (including the enterprise participation in GVCs) and assess the performance of Kazakh pharmaceutical companies. The research is based on export and import data. A hypothesis on the participation of national pharmaceutical enterprises was partially confirmed: several surveyed companies participate in generic drugs GVCs at the production level, thus the value added is low. Features of pioneering entry into pharmaceutical global value chains for countries lacking such integration experience were demonstrated on a specific example. The obtained results can be used by countries starting the process of integration into pharmaceutical GVCs, as well as by Kazakhstan when developing the pharmaceutical industry.

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