scholarly journals PROMISING MIXED CROPS OF SUDAN GRASS WITH FORAGE CROPS

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
B.N. Nasiyev ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
Mixed Crops

An important factor in increasing the efficiency of crop diversification in West Kazakhstan and reducing the dependence of crop productivity on weather conditions is the expansion of crops most adapted to unsustainable humidification of plants such as chickpeas, Sudan grass, sorghum, corn and sunflower. One of the ways to increase the productivity of Sudanese grass is to use its mixed crops with chickpeas, sunflower, corn and sorghum. Mixtures due to the best quality indicators of feed provide the maximum yield of feed units and digestible protein. The article presents research data on the study of mixed crops of Sudanese grass with annual crops in the conditions of the 1st dry-steppe zone of Western Kazakhstan. A comparative test of mixed crops by yield from digestible protein area units revealed the most nutritionally valuable mixtures. So, in the research of 2018-2020, the largest yield for digestible protein was obtained on the variant using sunflower for silage mixed with Sudan grass (1.65 c/ha), slightly lower on the versions of using a mixture of Sudan grass and corn for silage (1.58 c/ha) and a mixture of sorghum and Sudan grass for silage (1.55 c/ha).

scholarly journals Application of fertilizers and growth stimulants for growing chickpeas in the dry steppe zone of the Middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00013
Author(s):  
Anton V. Novikov ◽  
Nikolai A. Prosandeev ◽  
Alexey N. Burunov
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Development Factor ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Multifactorial Experiment

The results of the 2016–2017 studies are presented. Indicators of the crop structure, productivity and fodder values of chickpea varieties (Privo 1, Volgogradsky 10, Volzhanin) are determined. Different methods of crops treatment with growth stimulants Growth matrix, Megamix Profi, Aminokat + Raikat Development are described. The multifactorial experiment included two options of mineral nutrition (without and with fertilizers N12P52 (factor A); three varieties of chickpeas: “Privo 1”, “Volzhanin”, “Volgogradsky 10” (factor B); two options of vegetation treatment: without and with treatment using Growth Matrix, Megamix Profi, Aminokat + Raikat Development (factor C). The studies have shown that all treatment options f increased productivity of chickpeas and crops quality. The maximum yield was obtained by applying N12P52 for Volzhanin variety treated with Megamix Profi and Aminokat + Raikat Development (2.19 t/ha and 2.16 t/ha with a dry matter of 1.97-1.95 t/ha, digestible protein of 0.36-0.33 t/ ha and an exchange energy yield of 27.10-26.90 GJ/ha, respectively).

scholarly journals Climate change and economic efficiency of agricultural production in the Steppe zone

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Tararico ◽  
Yu. V. Soroka ◽  
R. V. Saidak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Dry Steppe

Relevance of research. Due to ongoing climate change, almost the entire territory of the Steppe of Ukraine by annual humidity factor belongs to the dry and very dry zones, the relative area of ​​which has increased by 13.2% of the total area of ​​the country compared to the 1960-1990s. At the same time, for today in Ukraine only about 500 thousand hectares are actually irrigated, that is 19% of the potential area. Purpose of research. To determine the patterns and trends of climate change in the western part of the dry Steppe of Ukraine and analyze the economic indicators of production activity in the region as to the variable weather conditions. Research methodology. Climate change was estimated on the basis of Climate Water Balance (CWB) and Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) values. The analysis of the economic efficiency of agricultural production was carried out by analyzing the statistical data for Odessa region and for the chosen agricultural enterprise. Research results and conclusions. The use of significant heat supply in the dry Steppe zone is limited by insufficient water supply conditions. In the years of 1991-2016  the average annual rainfall was 480 mm and since the early 2000s there has been a slight increase in that. However, even having 500-550 mm of average annual rainfall that has been observed over the past five years, it is not enough for providing high-yield agricultural production. High thermal regime couses high evaporation that in turn, leads to water supply deficit, which at the end of the growing season amounts to 336-436 mm. According to the HTC index in the region 80% of cases show severe and moderately arid vegetation conditions. At the same time, irrigation area in the region has decreased to a minimum, which has led to the domination of winter cereals and sunflower in the cropping system. Under variable weather conditions, winter wheat yields ranged from 19.4 to 38.5 c/ ha (31.4 c/ha on average) and sunflower - from 12.2 to 21.4 c/ha (17.4 c/ha on average), winter rape - from 13.1 to 20.9 c/ha (18.2 c/ha). It was proved a close direct relationship between the sale price of products of all studied crops and their cost price, as well as the inverse relationship of these indicators with the crop yield. The profitability of winter wheat from 2011 till 2016 ranged from 17 to 153 USD/ha with an average value of 86 USD/ha, winter rape - from 39 to 273 USD/ha with an average value of 166 USD  ha and sunflower - from 116 to 315 USD/ha with an average value of 192 USD/ha. Corn and soybeans have proven to be unprofitable in some years, which obviously explains rather small areas under these crops in the region. Above mentioned demonstrates the high economic instability of agricultural production in changing weather conditions, which is accompanied by significant risks for producers, especially when attracting credits. This situation, in turn, leads to a limited use of intensification means, in particular mineral fertilizers, which promotes agrochemical soil degradation. Under unstable water supply, the magnitude of net profit variation per hectare of arable land in Odessa region is 33-188 USD/ha (111 USD/ha on average). It is possible to increase these indicators by increasing the share of winter rape in the cropping system. With the optimization of the water and air soil regimes as well as crop rotation factor, the profitability of agricultural production in the region can be increased up to 580-600 USD/ha. Similar results were obtained after analyzing the statistical data from the southern regions within the dry steppe zone.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF SILO PREPARATION OF LUPIN, FORAGE CROPS AND THEIR MIXTURES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Сорокин ◽  
Alexander Sorokin ◽  
Елена Исаева ◽  
Elena Isaeva ◽  
Валентина Руцкая ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Mixed Crops ◽  
Term Data

Average long-term data of yield, dry matter and row protein content, nutritional value of silage samples made of green mass of single and mixed crops of narrow-leafed lupin BL -78-07, oat (var. Pamyati Bulavina), payza (var. Krasava), Sudan grass (var. Kinel-skaya 100) of different seeding rates are given. Annual data of silo description made of white lupin var. Alyi parus and Sudan grass var. Kinelskaya 100 of single and mixed crops of two sowing date are given too. The feed cost was determined based on calculation of total costs made from technological maps of single and mixed crops cultivation and silo laying under production conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of modern preparations on soybean crop productivity in the conditions of forest steppe of the Middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00130
Author(s):  
Vasily G. Vasin ◽  
Ramis N. Saniev ◽  
Alexey V. Vasin ◽  
Nikolai A. Prosandeev ◽  
Alexey N. Burunov
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of scientific research on the growth-stimulating preparations in the pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds and crops according to the development phases in the foreststeppe zone of the Middle Volga. It contains the results of the 2016-2018 research with an assessment of indicators of plant safety, photosynthetic activity and soybean yield in different treatment options by growth factors. The two-component preparations in pre-sowing seed treatment contribute to better soybean germination up to 78.12%. The pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Risotorphine and Raykat Start preparations forms the maximum leaf area. Comparing three years, we can say that the leaves work more productively in the variants with the use of Risotorphine and Raykat Start in pre-sowing treatment. Weather conditions in 2018 allowed soybean crops to form a high yield. The yield level was in the range of 1.48 - 1.98 t / ha. Inoculation of seeds with Raykat Start followed by crops treatment in the phase of 3-5 leaves and budding allowed achieving maximum yield for all years of research. After treating the seeds with Raykat Start, the maximum grain yield was 1.40 t/ha with a double-treatment of crops by microfertilizing mixture Megamix Profi in a phase of 3-5 leaves and budding.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS TO CHANGE OF PROPERTIES OF THE RECLAIMED SOLONETZES IN THE DRY STEPPE ZONE

2010 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
I. Lyubimova ◽  
A. Aksenov ◽  
A. Gorobets
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
High Carbonate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Estimation of the impact of weather conditions on the change in the content of readily soluble salts and metabolic bases and humus in the reclaimed automorphic high-carbonate solonetzes of the dry-steppe zone at different of types of meliorative effects. The given results of researches show that weather conditions first of all render effects on rapidly changing soil properties, such as readily soluble salt content and exchangeable elements. There is no evidence of reliable correlations between humus content and weather conditions. Directionality and the share of the impact of climate indicators on different properties of reclaimed solonetzes is different, but in most cases it's is less than 30% of the share of influence of other factors.

scholarly journals Productivity of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) of various ecological and geographical origin in the condition of Akmola region

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dyusibayeva ◽  
A. Rysbekova ◽  
I Zhirnova ◽  
A. Zhakenova ◽  
A. Seitkhozhayev
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Stable Yield

Abstract. Relevance of research. Creation of high productive and tolerant to adverse environmental factors varieties is one of the most important tasks of plant breeding. The high yield is ensured by the development of the basic elements of the plant's crop structure. To increase the efficiency of breeding work, the study of the initial material is of great importance. The purpose of the study is the study of economically valuable traits of proso millet of various ecological and geographical origin in the condition of dry steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan. Materials and research methods. Phenological observations and field assessments were carried out on crops according to the field experiment methodology. The research material was varieties and samples of millet of various origin. Results. At the result of the structural analysis for 2018–2019 the number of varieties and samples of proso millet were selected as on separate economically valuable traits: varieties Shortandinskoe 7, Shortandinskoe 10, Shortandinskoe 11, Pavlodarskoe, Pavlodarskoe 4, Yarkoe 5, Yarkoe 6, Yarkoe 7, Pamyati Bersieva, Kormovoe 89, Barnaulskoe Kormovoe, Kormovoe proso, Uralskoe 109, Aktybinskoe kormovoe, Kokchetavskoe 66, Abakanskoe kormovoe; samples: K-3742, K-5786, K-3137, and their complex traits: Omskoe 11, Pavlodarskoe, Barnaulskoe kormovoe, Uralskoe 109. Stable yield in contrasting weather conditions by years was observed in varieties Omskoe 11 and Uralskoe 109. Scientific novelty. In the dry-steppe zone of the Akmola region in contrasting weather conditions, the most valuable samples with maximum productivity were identified. Direct relationship has been established between the mass of 1000 seeds in panicles and the average yield of proso millet varieties and samples. Selected genotypes are of the greatest interest for using them in breeding programs for high productivity.

scholarly journals Influence of sowing time productivity of green mass of Sudan grass dry steppe zone in northern Kazakhstan

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
N Serekpaev ◽  
S Seifullin ◽  
A Nogayev ◽  
S Bekbulatov ◽  
B Dorj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Sciences

In this article we analyze the effect of sowing date on yield of Sudan grass green mass. The study was conducted over 2 years on the basis of working farms in the dry steppe zone of Kazakhstan. The yield of Sudan grass green mass is depending on the most favorable sowing dates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.219 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.63-67

scholarly journals Efficiency of Nicandra physaloides (variety Nakhodka) under the conditions of the steppe zone of the Volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov ◽  
Nataliya Viktorovna Nikolaychenko ◽  
Nikolay Ivanovich Strizkov ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Zaytcev ◽  
Vladimir Ivanovich Norovyatkin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Maximum Field ◽  
Vegetation Phase

The results of long-term studies of botanical, biological and agrotechnical features of the new introduced fodder culture Nicandra physaloides are presented. The maximum field germination (76.5%) was after sowing with a row spacing of 30 cm and a seeding rate of 0.15 million pcs / ha. The assimilation apparatus of Nikandra is formed in close dependence on weather conditions, the vegetation phase, and growing techniques. The maximum rates of leaf surface formation were in the budding – flowering phase. With an increase in planting density, the leaf surface increases and reaches the highest rates (45.50 thousand m2 / ha) with a seeding rate of 0.25 million pcs / ha in sowing with a row spacing of 45 cm, which is 1.4 times lower than with a minimum seeding rate (0.15 million pcs / ha) and the same sowing method. The accumulation of green and dry biomass took place analogously to the formation of the leaf surface. On average, over the years of research, maximum results on the yield of green mass (40.3 t / ha), the number of feed units (7.52 t / ha), digestible protein (1.06 t / ha), the content of digestible protein in 1 fodder unit (140.8 g) was after a wide-row sowing method (45.0 cm) and a seeding rate of 0.2 million pcs / ha. It is shown that a decrease and an increase in the seeding rate leads to a decrease in the biomass yield of the Nikandra by 12–15%.

Productivity and nutritional value of Sudan grass as monoculture and grass mixture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.Т. Андреева ◽  
Н.Г. Пилипенко ◽  
Л.П. Сидорова ◽  
Н.Ю. Харченко
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Представлены результаты полевых и лабораторных исследований за 2015–2017 годы по возделыванию суданской травы в одновидовых и поливидовых посевах с зернобобовыми культурами в кормопроизводстве Забайкалья. Исследования выполнены на лугово-чернозёмной мучнисто-карбонатной почве. Дана оценка суданской травы в одновидовых и поливидовых посевах по адаптивности к условиям выращивания, показаны хозяйственно ценные признаки данных посевов. Установлена возможность повышения продуктивности и питательной ценности кормовых агроценозов путём использования суданской травы в поливидовых посевах с зернобобовыми культурами. По продуктивности и питательной ценности поливидовые посевы превосходили одновидовые агроценозы суданской травы: по зелёной массе — в 1,4–1,8 раза, переваримому протеину — в 2,2–3,7 раза. В поливидовых посевах наилучшие результаты обеспечила суданская трава с кормовыми бобами: урожайность зелёной массы составила 36,6 т/га, сухого вещества — 8,9 т/га, кормовых единиц — 7,39 т/га, содержание переваримого протеина — 968 кг/га, обменной энергии — 89,9 ГДж/га, обеспеченность 1 корм. ед. переваримым протеином — 131 г. Поливидовые посевы суданской травы с кормовыми бобами увеличили продуктивность в сравнении с одновидовыми посевами по сбору кормовых единиц в 2,6 раза, переваримому протеину — в 3,7 раза, валовой энергии — в 2,6 раза. Все культуры устойчивы к засухе и полеганию. Отмечено отсутствие поражённости вредителями и болезнями у суданской травы и бобовых культур. The paper deals with field and lab experiments on pure Sudan grass seedings or its mixtures with grain legume crops in Trans-Baikal in 2015–2017. The field trial took place on carbonate meadow chernozem. The experiments tested crop stress-resistance as well as other economically important traits. Cultivation of Sudan grass together with grain legume crops positively affected crop productivity and nutritional value. Mixtures exceeded pure stands of Sudan grass by 1.4–1.8 times in green mass and 2.2–3.7 times — in digestible protein. Sudan grass combined with forage beans performed the best: green mass yield amounted to 36.6 t ha-1, dry matter — 8.9 t ha-1, feed units — 7,39 t ha-1, digestible protein — 968 kg ha-1 or 131 g/feed unit, gross energy — 89.9 GJ ha-1. Multi-species swards produced 2.6 times more feed units compared to pure seeding as well as 3.7 times more digestible protein and 2.6 times more gross energy. All the crops were resistant to drought and lodging. Sudan grass and forage beans showed no symptoms of pests and diseases.

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