scholarly journals Why the Concept of Private Demand for Innovations Should Be Understand: The case of ex-YU countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slagjana Stojanovska ◽  
Violeta Madzova ◽  
Biljana Gjozinska
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Private Demand ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

This paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of private demand for innovation in the context of the ex-YU countries such as Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Macedonia from 2011 to 2016. One key variable for the importance of demand for innovation is the buyer sophistication. This signals the ability of buyers to select products and services based on performance rather than price and to bear the cost of products at the beginning of the life cycle. The companies that face a sophisticated domestic market are likely to sell high quality products and a close proximity to such consumers should to enables the company to better understand the needs and desires of the customers and how they perceive the value of the product. For cultural or historical reasons, buyers may be more demanding in some countries than in others. Hence, оur start point is that “higher degrees of buyer sophistication can to explain higher shares of innovative sales” (Hollanders and Es-Sadki, 2017, p. 42) and opposite “lower shares of innovative sales could to explain lower degrees of buyer sophistication” in the above countries. Thus, our analysis relies on two key indicators, the “buyer sophistication” and the “sales of new-to-market and new-to-firm product innovations”, which are including, the first in the Global Competitiveness Report and the second, in the European Innovation Scoreboard. Looking at the results, it can be noted that Serbia has a big gap between the two indicators, so the extent of buyer sophistication is lower from the extent of innovative sales. Аs business leaders make a subjective assessment of the GCR’s indicator Buyer sophistication, it can be assumed that Serbian business leaders assess the sophistication of domestic customers much lower than it is. This example is somewhat similar to the Slovenian business leaders. These two countries achieve the same level of sales of innovative products, while Macedonia and Croatia are in the same group and have lower sales of innovative products. This finding calls for demand-oriented policies which would have to influence the innovation culture in the market, making buyers more risk taking, aware of innovations and empower them to buy and use them.

scholarly journals THE PRIVATE DEMAND FOR INNOVATION: THE CASE OF EX - YU COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Slagjana Stojanovska ◽  
Violeta Madzova ◽  
Biljana Gjozinska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Private Demand ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Sophisticated Technology

In the era of high sophisticated technology, the innovation is recognized as a key driver towards better national competitiveness and economic growth, creating opportunities for better employment and better responding to global social challenges. At the company level however, innovation improves efficiency, boosts company productivity and provides numerous benefits to the consumers. Being identified as a key variable for the importance of demand for innovation, buyer sophistication signals the ability of buyers to select products and services based on performance rather than price. Furthermore, the companies witnessing more sophisticated domestic market are likely to sell products with higher quality and to better understand the customers’ needs and how they perceive the value of the product. This paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of private demand for innovation in selected ex- YU countries using the two key indicators: “buyer sophistication” and “sales of new-to-market and new-to-firm product innovations for the period 2011-2016. Although sharing the same socio-political and historical background, the analysis of these selected countries show significant discrepancies among their business leaders’ assessments about the level of their customer demand for innovation and business sophistication.

MODERN INNOVATION POLICY IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pavlovna Gusakova ◽  
◽  
Alina Valeryevna Ryabkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with the conditions for the formation and implementation of innovation policy in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, including in the food industry. Against the background of the growth of positive dynamics of domestic research and development expenditures in the Russian Federation, the share of high-tech products in the Russian agro-industrial complex in 2018 is only 7.1% of the total volume. The share of food industry enterprises engaged in innovative activities increased from 11.6% to 14.2% in 2010-2018, while the cost of innovative products increased 2.3 times. The most important factor in the activity of innovative activities of enterprises is state support. Innovation policy in the agro-industrial complex is designed to promote the development of the food industry and the growth of its national and global competitiveness.

IN SEARCH OF EDUCATIONAL STRATEGY FOR UKRAINE

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viсtor Ognevyuk
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
School Management ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
Management School ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

The article deals with the world rating of Ukrainian educational sphere according to The Global Competitiveness Report and UNESCO Science Report. It shows comparative indices of Ukraine in contrast to the other countries of these world ratings according to the “Quality of primary education”, “Penetration of primary education”, “Penetration of secondary education”, “Quality of secondary education”, “Quality of education in Sciences”, “Quality of school management”, “School access to the internet” and others. The article also defines strategic directions of reforming Ukrainian education system to improve its position in the world international ratings.

Perceptions of the Neighborhood Built Environment for Walking Behavior in Older Adults Living in Close Proximity

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482097925
Author(s):  
Florian Herbolsheimer ◽  
Atiya Mahmood ◽  
Nadine Ungar ◽  
Yvonne L. Michael ◽  
Frank Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Pedestrian Infrastructure ◽  
Neighborhood Built Environment

Past research documents a discordance between perceived and objectively assessed neighborhood environmental features on walking behavior. Therefore, we examined differences in the perception of the same neighborhood built environment. Participants were grouped if they lived 400 m or closer to each other. The perception of the pedestrian infrastructure, neighborhood aesthetics, safety from crime, and safety from traffic was derived from a telephone survey from two North American metropolitan areas; 173 individuals were clustered into 42 groups. Older adults who walked for transport in their neighborhood experienced the same neighborhood as more walkable (β = .19; p = .011) with better pedestrian infrastructure (β = .16; p = .037). Older adults with physical limitations experienced the same neighborhood as less safe from crime (β = −.17; p = .030) and traffic (β = −.20; p = .009). The study supports the notion that individual behavior and physical restrictions alter the environment’s perception and explains part of the discordance between objective and subjective assessment of the neighborhood environment.

Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi (Cost) Hasil Produk Inovatif UMKM Desa Kemuning Ngargoyoso Jawa Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Lailah Fujianti ◽  
Shinta Budi Astuti ◽  
Rizki Ramadhan Putra Yasa
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Central Java Province

Abstrak   Kemuning adalah desa di kecamatan Ngargoyoso, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Secara geografis batas Desa Kemuning  sebelah barat berbatasan dengan Desa Ngargoyoso, sebelah timur berbatasan dengan Desa Segoro Gunung, sebelah Utara  berbatasan Kecamatan Jenawi dan sebelah selatan berbatasan Desa Girimulyo. Desa ini memiliki Misi yang ingin diwujudkan  yaitu Desa Wisata. Pemerintah setempat  memberikan pelatihan untuk membuat produk inovatif guna melengkapi kebutuhan sebagai desa wisata kepada pelaku UMKM dan Penrajin. Produk Inovatif tersebut akan dijual kepada pengunjung wisata sebagai oleh-oleh. Akan tetapi pelaku UMKM dan Penrajin memiliki kelemahan pembukuan usaha terlebih lagi dalam penetuan biaya produksi produk inovatif. Mereka hanya memperhitungkan biaya bahan baku sebagai komponen biaya produksi.   Tim pengabdian FEB Universitas melaksanakan pengabdian  untuk memberikan materi mengenai konsep perhitungan biaya produksi yang dilakukan dengan interaktif.     Kata Kunci: Desa Kemuning, Harga Pokok Poduksi, Smart Village   Abstract:  Kemuning Villages is one of the villages located in Ngargoyoso district, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. Geographically, Kemuning Village is bordered to the west by Ngargoyoso Village, to the east by Segoro Gunung Village, to the north by Jenawi District and to the south by Girimulyo Village. Kemuning village has a mission to be realized, namely the Tourism Village. The local government provides training to make innovative products to complement the needs of a tourism village for MSMEs and craftsmen. These innovative products will be sold to tourist visitors as souvenirs. However, SMEs and craftsmen have weaknesses in business bookkeeping, especially in determining the cost of producing innovative products. They only take into account the cost of raw materials as a component of production costs. The Team from FEB University Pancasila carried out the service to provide material on the concept of calculating production costs which was carried out interactively.     Keywords: Desa Kemuning, Cost of Good Sold, Smart Village

scholarly journals IFRS Adoption in Developing Countries: What Is the Impact?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Chris D. Gingrich ◽  
Leah Kratz ◽  
Ryan Faraci
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Accounting Environment ◽  
Mandatory Adoption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Financial Environment

This study explores the impact of mandatory adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in developing countries on business leaders’ perceptions of the overall accounting and financial environment. The study employs survey data from the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report to gauge business leaders’ perceptions of the accounting and financial environment. Eight countries across Latin America, Africa, and Asia comprise case studies, all of whom recently adopted mandatory IFRS use for publicly listed companies. Each survey variable is tracked over time, comparing pre and post IFRS adoption, vis-à-vis the same variable in a control country that did not adopt IFRS. IFRS adoption shows mostly positive impacts on the accounting environment in four cases. The impact of adoption in the other three countries is mostly insignificant. These results should encourage policymakers in developing countries to improve auditing and enforcement practices to increase the likelihood of positive results from IFRS adoption.

scholarly journals Sustainability level, corruption and tax evasion: a cross-country analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hichem Khlif ◽  
Achraf Guidara ◽  
Khaled Hussainey
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between the level of sustainability and tax evasion and test whether the level of corruption moderates such a relationship. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 65 developed and developing countries. Tax evasion is measured using a macro indirect approach used by Schneider et al. (2010). The sustainability level and corruption variables are collected from The Global Competitiveness Report for 2012-2013. Findings This study finds that the level of tax evasion is negatively associated with the level of sustainability (overall score and social and environmental score) and the quality of infrastructure. When we distinguish between low- and high-corruption countries, we find that this negative association is significant for low-corruption countries and insignificant for high-corruption countries. These results imply that the level of corruption may reduce the tendency of individuals in a given state to accept and trust their government in general and comply with the tax rules in particular. Originality/value Our empirical findings have policy implications for governments with high levels of tax evasion, as they highlight the importance of states’ engagements towards their citizens in reducing tax evasion.

scholarly journals Międzynarodowa konkurencyjność gospodarek Grupy Wyszehradzkiej

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2 (29)) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Szczodrowski
Keyword(s):  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

Cel. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i ogólna ocena kierunku zmian konkurencyjności krajów Grupy Wyszehradzkiej: Czech, Węgier, Polski i Słowacji. Kraje te są porównywane ze sobą, ze względu na to, że w podobnym czasie zaczęły przemiany rynkowe, w tym samym czasie stały się członkami Unii Europejskiej i stanowią zwarty geograficz-nie blok krajów w Europie Środkowej. W konsekwencji, potencjalni inwestorzy analizują zachodzące zmiany, aby podejmować optymalne decyzje w zakresie wyboru miejsca działalności gospodarczej. Analiza dotyczy roku 2016, w odniesieniu do pierwszego, peł-nego roku członkostwa w UE, czyli 2005.Metoda. W celu względnej porównywalności, posłużono się głównymi danymi z rankin-gów: WEF Global Competitiveness Report, IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook oraz sporządzanego przez Bank Światowy Doing Business Report.Wyniki. Analiza rankingów ukazuje, że nie wszystkim krajom udało się w omawianym okresie na tyle wzmocnić swoje gospodarki, aby polepszyć międzynarodową konkuren-cyjność. W zakończeniu przedstawiono wnioski, wynikające z przeprowadzonych analiz.

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