scholarly journals VENTURE CAPITAL IN THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEM OF INNOVATIVE ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (45) ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Ruslana Bilyk
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Venture Financing ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Venture Business

In the article are considered the theoretical bases of venture financing. The economic essence and specificity of venture capital, as well as its main forms and influence on financial provision of innovative economy, are highlighted. Interaction of innovation development and venture investment is considered. The possibilities of using venture capital are determined as an additional source of financing for innovation activity. The world experience of formation and development of venture capital, mechanisms of organization of venture enterprises are analyzed. The present state and main tendencies of development of the venture capital market in the developed countries of the world are researched. The possibilities of using the experience of innovative economies for Ukraine are revealed, where venture capital with its distribution of risk can become one of the effective methods of raising capital to overcome the crisis and deep structural restructuring of the national economy. Conclusions regarding are made the conformity of development of Ukrainian venture financing to the world tendencies. The factors are revealed, which restrain the effective development of the domestic market of venture investments. The risks typical for venture financing are determined, which are conditioned by its features and specificity of the mechanism of such financing. The ways of minimizing and avoiding the risks of venture financing for the investor and the enterprise-recipient are set out. The practice of using venture financing in Ukraine is evaluated, on the basis of which conclusions are made about the high efficiency of venture financing for the newest innovative enterprises. The complex of measures was proposed and recommendations on creation of favorable investment climate for stimulating the development of venture business, activation of innovation activity in Ukraine, were given.

WTO SUCCESSOR TO GATT

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-187
Author(s):  
Arif Sultan
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

Within a short span of time a number of economic blocs have emergedon the world horizon. In this race, all countriedeveloped, developingand underdeveloped-are included. Members of the North America FreeTrade Agreement (NAITA) and the European Economic Community(EEC) are primarily of the developed countries, while the EconomicCooperation Organization (ECO) and the Association of South EastAsian Nations (ASEAN) are of the developing and underdevelopedAsian countries.The developed countries are scrambling to create hegemonies throughthe General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT). In these circumstances,economic cooperation among Muslim countries should be onthe top of their agenda.Muslim countries today constitute about one-third of the membershipof the United Nations. There are around 56 independentMuslim states with a population of around 800 million coveringabout 20 percent of the land area of the world. Stretchingbetween Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans, the Muslim Worldstraddles from North Africa to Indonesia, in two major Islamicblocs, they are concentrated in the heart of Africa to Indonesia,in two major blocs, they are concentrated in the heart of Africaand Asia and a smaller group in South and Southeast Asia.'GATT is a multilateral agreement on tariffs and trade establishing thecode of rules, regulations, and modalities regulating and operating internationaltrade. It also serves as a forum for discussions and negotiations ...

A Decade of the World Trade Organization and the Trade Performance of Muslim Countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Ruzita Mohd. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Wto Agreements

The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on 1 January 1995 as a successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), has played an important role in promoting global free trade. The implementation of its agreements, however, has not been smooth and easy. In fact this has been particularly difficult for developing countries, since they are expected to be on a level playing field with the developed countries. After more than a decade of existence, it is worth looking at the WTO’s impact on developing countries, particularly Muslim countries. This paper focuses mainly on the performance of merchandise trade of Muslim countries after they joined the WTO. I first analyze their participation in world merchandise trade and highlight their trade characteristics in general. This is then followed by a short discussion on the implications of WTO agreements on Muslim countries and some recommendations on how to face this challenge.

Infinite Needs–Finite Resources: The Future of Healthcare

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Richard D. Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Performance ◽  
Service Workers ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Tensions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Developed World

The single greatest challenge facing managers in the developed countries of the world is to raise the productivity of knowledge and service workers. This challenge, which will dominate the management agenda for the next several decades, will ultimately determine the competitive performance of companies. Even more important, it will determine the very fabric of society and the quality of life of every industrialized nation. … Unless this challenge is met, the developed world will face increasing social tensions, increasing polarization, increasing radicalization, possibly even class war.

Human capital in the new development strategy of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 410-423
Author(s):  
Konstantin Konstantinovich Kolin
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
National Human ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Main Components

The article analyzes the modern concept of human capital and its role in the socioeconomic development of society. The structure of human capital in Russia and the state of its main components have been studied. The necessity of creating mechanisms for significantly more effective use of the intellectual potential of scientific and educational institutions of the country, as well as of the formation of a national innovation system, is shown. It is demonstrated that according to the World Bank estimates, today the national human capital in developing countries accounts for more than half of their national wealth, and in the developed countries of the world – for about 70-80%. Thus, human capital is now considered as the most important economic category, the importance of which will significantly increase in the 21st century. The author believes that it is advisable to use the positive experience of the functioning of such a system in China.

scholarly journals Study on the development of nanotechnology in advanced countries and in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Fracalossi Rediguieri
Keyword(s):  
Reference Lists ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

The study shows how nanotechnology evolves in developed countries and Brazil, raising aspects of private and governmental initiatives. The investigation was based in scientific literature, electronic articles and conference reports. Several sources of literature were used, including electronic databases and reference lists. By this study, it was observed that, although nanotechnology is in initial stage of development all over the world, the developed countries have had growing public and private investments in the area each year. In those countries, there is a concern toward both, the formation of specialists in nanotechnology and the transference of technology developed in universities and research institutes to industry. In Brazil, the study showed that despite the growing concern of investigators, national research centers and financial centers toward the development of the nanotechnology, there is still a need for more investment and formation of area specialists.

scholarly journals Globalization, Knowledge Economy and the implication for Indigenous Knowledge

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Kgomotso H Moahi
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flow Of Information

This paper considers the impact that globalization and the knowledge economy have on the protection and promotion of indigenous knowledge. It is asserted that globalization and the knowledge economy have opened up the world and facilitated the flow of information and knowledge. However, the flow of knowledge has been governed by uneven economic and political power between the developed countries and the devel-oping countries. This has a number of ramifications for IK. The dilemma faced is that whichever method is taken to protect IK (IPR regimes, documenting IK etc) exposes IK to some misappropriation. Protecting it through IPR is also fraught with problems. Documenting IK exposes IK to the public domain and makes it that much easier to be misused. However, not protecting IK runs the danger of having it disappear as the custodians holding it die off, or as communities become swamped by the effects of globalization. The conclu-sion therefore is that governments have to take more interest in protecting, promoting and using IK than they have been doing.

Cycle of Poverty in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-139
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Idowu Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Cycle ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty ◽  
Do So

Poverty is no longer fashionable even in the less developed countries of the world. The world has deemed poverty-ridden regions of the world as ‘anathema', forbidden, and ignoble. At the same time ways to get out of the menace are regularly strategised over a period of time. The developed countries of the world had been able to nip poverty to the bud significantly, but the developing countries still have a lot to do so as to overcome the menace. Poverty in the developing countries operates in a cycle of repetitions. This makes it difficult to curtail. How can poverty be reduced in the developing countries? This study reveals the reason while poverty has become a domestic phenomenon in developing countries and the way forward. The theory on poverty is evaluated alongside the present economic situation in Africa. The cycle of poverty, which includes the social cycle of poverty (SCP), political cycle of poverty (PCP), and the economic cycle of poverty (ECP), are examined. This study analyses the strategies to break the cycle of poverty in Africa and other developing countries.

THE MANAGEMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL AS A TYPE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES: GOALS & OBJECTIVES

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-191
Author(s):  
Tetyana Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
World Market ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Venture Capital Investment ◽  
Venture Investment ◽  
The World ◽  
Capital Financing ◽  
The One ◽  
Venture Business

In the context of Ukraine’s integration into the world market, there is a growing interest in creating a control system for all stages of venture capital activities. The mechanism of effective management of venture activities of an enterprise should become a tool for establishing this system. The system of information flows is of great importance, which provides information to the process of making management decisions on a risky innovative project at a venture capital enterprise. The purpose of the venture business is to make a profit on the invested funds [1]. Unlike simple investment, venture capital is the most risky form of capital investment. However, if the project is successful, venture capital investment is the most profitable. Venture investment is, on the one hand, a way of financing the innovative vector of the economy, on the other, an innovative form of entrepreneurship. The main goal of venture capital financing is that the monetary capital of some entrepreneurs and the intellectual capabilities of others (original ideas or technologies) are combined in the real sector of the economy in order to bring profit to both types of entrepreneurship in a new company.

scholarly journals On the Relationship between Innovation Activity and Manufacturing Upgrading of Emerging Countries: Evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xie ◽  
Guixue Zang ◽  
Feifei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovation Product ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Relationship

Most research into the relationship between innovation activity and manufacturing upgrading has been conducted in developed economies, such as the countries of North America and Europe. Due to the non-replicability of the developed countries’ development modes, most emerging countries cannot directly copy the manufacturing upgrading path of the developed countries. However, knowledge about the relationship between innovation activity and manufacturing upgrading in emerging economies remains limited. This paper sheds light on the relationship between innovation activity and manufacturing upgrading in emerging countries from the following three types of innovation, namely, technical innovation, product innovation, and institutional innovation. By using data from Chinese provinces for the period 2001–2015, this paper empirically investigates the relationship between innovation activity and manufacturing upgrading in emerging countries. The results show that technical innovation, product innovation, and institutional innovation have significantly positive driving-force effects on manufacturing upgrading, which indicates that innovation is an important source of promoting manufacturing upgrading for emerging countries. Moreover, the effect above is more prominent for technical innovation. The results are resilient to the alternative indicators of innovation and the alternative indicators of manufacturing upgrading. This paper provides a theoretical and empirical reference for conducting innovation-incentive policy and promoting the optimization of manufacturing structure.

Design of High-Tech Metre Gauge Coaches on Indian Railways

1992 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
K B L Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Vertical Mode ◽  
The Past ◽  
Test Speed ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
The World ◽  
Lateral Mode ◽  
Ride Index ◽  
The Developed Countries

This paper traces the steps taken by the Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) of Indian Railways in the past to improve the metre gauge bogie design, which resulted in crossing the age-old speed barrier of 75 km/h, initially in 1977, when the Pink City Express was introduced at a maximum permissible speed of 100 km/h. The ‘Sperling ride index’ achieved at that time at the 110 km/h test speed was nearing 3.2 in the lateral mode and 3.33 in the vertical mode. Major design modifications are described that were carried out in the conventional metre gauge bogie/body, using indigenous technology, while designing high-tech metre gauge (MG) coaches. These are suitable for running on Indian Railways' track at a maximum permissible speed of 120 km/h and at the same time provide superior riding characteristics (with sperling ride index restricted to 2.75) comparable to those available on the main line coaches of 1000 mm gauge in the developed countries of the world.

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