scholarly journals Complex-Network-Based Cyber-Physical Production Systems Subject to Cascading Failures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sichao Liu ◽  
Lihui Wang ◽  
Xi Vincent Wang ◽  
Magnus Wiktorsson
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Network Reliability ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Manufacturing Resource ◽  
Resource Data ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Complex

The manufacturing industry is facing multi-dimensional, ever-growing challenges ranging from the lack of real-time manufacturing resource data, the inability of catching production exceptions, to the occurrence of cascading failures. This paper proposes a network-based cyber-physical production system to model, diagnose and control complex production systems subject to cascading failures. The goal is to study and characterise the evolution of cascading failure mechanisms and further mitigate the vulnerability of the manufacturing system. This is achieved through the deployment and synergistic integration of the Internet of technology with the reliability importance theory. The paper contributes to the network reliability theory and applications by proposing new importance measures and strategies to support the operation of cyber-physical production systems.

scholarly journals A Cascading Failure Model for Command and Control Networks with Hierarchy Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiue Gao ◽  
Duoping Zhang ◽  
Keqiu Li ◽  
Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Command And Control ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Failure Model ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Load Redistribution ◽  
Initial Load ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Cascading failures in the command and control networks (C2 networks) could substantially affect the network invulnerability to some extent. In particular, without considering the characteristics of hierarchy structure, it is quite misleading to employ the existing cascading failure models and effectively analyze the invulnerability of C2 networks. Therefore, a novel cascading failure model for command and control networks with hierarchy structure is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a method of defining the node’s initial load in C2 networks based on hierarchy-degree is proposed. By applying the method, the impact of organizational positions and the degree of the node on its initial load could be highlighted. Secondly, a nonuniform adjustable load redistribution strategy (NALR strategy) is put forward in this paper. More specifically, adjusting the redistribution coefficient could allocate the load from failure nodes to the higher and the same level neighboring nodes according to different proportions. It could be demonstrated by simulation results that the robustness of C2 networks against cascading failures could be dramatically improved by adjusting the initial load adjustment coefficient, the tolerance parameter, and the load redistribution coefficient. And finally, comparisons with other relational models are provided to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper. Subsequently, the invulnerability of C2 networks could be enhanced.

scholarly journals Adaptive planning and control in cyber-physical production systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νικόλαος Νικολάκης
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Adaptive Planning ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control

Αντικείμενο αυτής της εργασίας είναι η μελέτη των συστημάτων παραγωγής ως κυβερνο-φυσικών συστημάτων επικεντρώνοντας στον προσαρμοστικό σχεδιασμό/προγραμματισμό κι έλεγχό τους. Απώτερος σκοπός είναι η δυνατότητα αναδιαμόρφωσής τους για την αύξηση της αυτοματοποίησης και της ευελιξίας στις συνθήκες εργασίας καθώς και σε μεταβαλλόμενες απαιτήσεις παραγωγής. Για αυτό το λόγο, μέθοδοι, που μεταφράζονται σε διαφορετικά επίπεδα της πυραμίδας αυτοματισμού, μέσω της αρχιτεκτονικής 5C για κυβερνο-φυσικά συστήματα, έχουν διερευνηθεί κι ενσωματωθεί σε υπό-μελέτη κυβερνο-φυσικά συστήματα. Πρώτον, μελετάται ο δυναμικός έλεγχος κλειστού βρόχου ενός κυβερνο-φυσικού συστήματος σχετικά με την ασφαλή συνεργασία ανθρώπου-ρομπότ σε ένα περιβάλλον εργασίας. Μια αρχική εφαρμογή αξιολογείται σε μια συγκεκριμένη περίπτωση χρήσης και συγκρίνονται τα αποτελέσματά της σχετικά με τη χρήση ενός ή περισσοτέρων αισθητήρων. Η σύγκριση πραγματοποιείται με βάση τον χρόνο απόκρισης του συστήματος για την ανίχνευση της ανθρώπινης παρουσίας εντός μιας προκαθορισμένης ζώνης ασφαλείας. Στη συνέχεια, εξετάζονται οι χειρωνακτικές εργασίες συναρμολόγησης, συζητείται ο προσαρμοστικός προγραμματισμός και ο επαναπροσδιορισμός του σταθμού συναρμολόγησης. Η εφαρμογή ψηφιακού διδύμου παρουσιάζεται για να κλείσει ψηφιακά το βρόχο μεταξύ φυσικού και εικονικού συστήματος, επιτρέποντας έτσι μια αποτελεσματική, από πλευράς κόστους, βελτίωση του σχεδιασμού, της ανάθεσης καθώς και ολόκληρου του κύκλου ζωής των διαδικασιών παραγωγής με βάση τον άνθρωπο. Μια μελέτη περίπτωσης σε χώρο αποθήκης καταδεικνύει τη σκοπιμότητα και αποτελεσματικότητα της προτεινόμενης προσέγγισης. Επίσης, στο πλαίσιο της τρίτης μελέτης, συζητείται ένα ολιστικό πλαίσιο για τα αναδιαμορφώσιμα κυβερνο-φυσικά συστήματα παραγωγής, που υλοποιούνται από τις τεχνολογίες των υπηρεσιών πακέτων λογισμικού (containers). Η παρουσιαζόμενη προσέγγιση ενισχύει την ευελιξία σε ένα κυβερνο-φυσικό σύστημα παραγωγής μέσω της δυναμικής αναδιάρθρωσης του συστήματος αυτοματισμού και του χρονοδιαγράμματος παραγωγής, με βάση τα συμβάντα. Η προτεινόμενη λύση υλοποιήθηκε σε μια εφαρμογή λογισμικού και εφαρμόστηκε σε ένα κυβερνο-φυσικό σύστημα παραγωγής μικρής κλίμακας που προέρχεται από την αυτοκινητοβιομηχανία. Τέλος, η συμβολή των στρωμάτων ολοκλήρωσης της αρχιτεκτονικής 5C για την υλοποίηση και την ανάπτυξη λειτουργιών CPPS, που μετατρέπει τις συμβατικές διαδικασίες παραγωγής σε έξυπνες, έχει αξιολογηθεί μέσω ενός συνόλου δεικτών επιπέδου ευελιξίας μέσω του αυτοματισμού και δεικτών χαρακτηριστικών των κυβερνο-φυσικών συστημάτων παραγωγής.

scholarly journals Resilience in Industry 4.0 Digital Infrastructures and Platforms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ribeiro ◽  
António Almeida ◽  
Américo Azevedo ◽  
Filipe Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Product Customization ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control

We live in a world where companies are shifting to the industry 4.0 paradigm. One of the pillars of Industry 4.0 is the digitalization of physical assets and manufacturing processes, moving toward the Cyber-Physical Production Systems concept (CPPS). In these systems, every component of the production process – machines, tools, workstations, etc. – is equipped with sensors, possesses information about itself, and can interact with each other, allowing the production of smaller batches at lower prices and increase product customization through adaptative processes. Consequently, companies are evolving their information systems to have more visibility and control over their production systems. This change increases both the production system’s agility and its vulnerability to communication and information related disruptions. Hence, companies that adhere to Industry 4.0 enabling technologies must adopt new methodologies and tools to become aware of the new risks that arise by the introduction of new digital platforms, their impacts in the production systems, and how they may react to remain resilient. In this paper, disruption events and adequate mitigation strategies are analysed, modelled, and simulated as part of a methodology designed to measure the impacts of disruptive events on the production system.

Physiksimulation cyber-physischer Produktionssysteme*/Physical simulation of cyber-physical production systems – Planning and control of cyber-physical production systems using physical simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (04) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
M. Glatt ◽  
J. Aurich
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Systems Planning ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control

Cyber-physische Produktionssysteme erlauben die wirtschaftliche Herstellung kundenindividueller Produkte in großen Stückzahlen. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie die physikalische Modellierung genutzt werden kann, um Materialflussprozesse in cyber-physischen Produktionssystemen zu simulieren. Ziel ist, durch simulationsbasierte Steuerungseingriffe Störungen im Materialfluss zu reduzieren und Durchlaufzeiten zu verringern.   Cyber-physical production systems make it possible to economically manufacture customized products in large quantities. The goal of this article is to show how physical modeling can be used to simulate material flow processes in cyber-physical production systems. Based on the simulation results, control interventions can contribute to reduce disruptions in the material flow and shorten lead times.

An Ontology-Based Approach for Production Planning and Control of Cyber-Physical Production Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 274-300
Author(s):  
Elvis Hozdić
Keyword(s):  
Production Planning ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Production Planning And Control ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Foundational Ontology ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control

The objective of this research is to develop a new ontology-based approach for the management and control of cyber-physical production systems (CPPSs). In the CPPSs, the management and control functions are integrated with a physical part of manufacturing system. The function of production planning and control of manufacturing systems (PPC) is an important part of the management and control of the CPPSs. The elements of the cyber system structure enable the dynamic management and control of manufacturing systems in real time, through the realization of the digitalized and cybernated functions of PPC. The proposed approach to management and control of the CPPSs is based on the foundational ontology of manufacturing systems. The digitalized production planning, scheduling, and control functions are implemented as a multi-agent system (MAS). The communication between agents was addressed to support the autonomic decision for each individual agent. A case study demonstrates feasibility of the approach through the use of simulation experiments.

Intelligente Werkstattfertigung*/Intelligent job shop manufacturing - Control mechanisms for job shop manufacturing of series products using the German “Industrie 4.0” approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (04) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
E. Uhlmann ◽  
B. Schallock ◽  
F. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Production Control ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Industrie 4.0 ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control

Die „intelligente selbstorganisierende Werkstattproduktion“ (iWePro) folgt dem Konzept einer dezentralisierten Produktionssteuerung. Erstmalig wird die Anwendung der Selbstorganisation auf die Serienproduktion von Automobilkomponenten untersucht, die momentan nach Lean-Prinzipien für große Stückzahlen verkettet aufgebaut ist. Zukünftig soll mit dem Werkstattprinzip schwankenden Auslastungen entgegengewirkt werden. Die Fertigungssteuerung für die dadurch wahlfrei zugreifbaren Produktionsmaschinen lässt sich konventionell kaum, wohl aber mit Zukunftskonzepten und Industrie 4.0-Technologien umsetzen.   “Intelligent self-organizing shop floor production” (iWePro) uses the concept of decentralized production control solutions. For the first time, a concept of self-organization is applied to the production of car components, which are currently a moving line according to traditional lean production large batch principles. In the future, the traditional shop floor structure of disconnected machines should guarantee a higher utilisation rate but needs innovative technology and control mechanisms for cyber-physical production systems (CPPS).

Reliable software-based control as enabler for flexible production systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Soler Perez Olaya ◽  
Stefan Mätzler ◽  
Martin Wollschlaeger
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Networked Control Systems ◽  
Information Source ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Flexible Production Systems ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe current evolution of the industrial production systems to cyber physical production systems requires an increased flexibility of the system structure that is nowadays still difficult to find in the industrial systems. The control applications are extremely strict by requiting jitter-free communication of sensor and control values in networked control systems. The software-based control approach presented here enhances the reliability of the control system using a control value matrix as information source. This approach benefits of predictive control algorithms that rely on model-based strategies.

scholarly journals Safety 4.0 for collaborative robotics in the factories of the future

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-850
Author(s):  
Luca Caruana ◽  
Emmanuel Francalanza
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Collaborative Environments ◽  
Collaborative Manufacturing ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems

Technology changes present a constant drive for evolvement in the manufacturing industry. This development has brought about a complete change in the way the industry implements technologies. The complexity of state-of-the-art technologies is on the increase as new and unforeseen perils continue to emerge. One of the main challenges being faced is the adaptation of manufacturing systems to the latest safety and security considerations. The research hypothesis being investigated is that a logically structured procedure incorporating safety and security would be able to assist in designing an ergonomic and collaborative manufacturing system while identifying and analysing risks, eventually establishing feasible solutions for these specific burdens. This paper therefore contributes a methodology which was developed to address issues of safety and security in the design and implementation of cyber-physical production systems in collaborative environments.

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