scholarly journals METHODS IN CRIMINALISTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
V. Zhuravel
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Empirical Research Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Court Expert ◽  
Different Levels

The genesis and current condition of scientific approaches to defining methods in criminalistics are considered. It is noted that, despite the significant importance for the formation of the methodology of criminalistics science, no separate doctrine of its methods has been created yet. Conversely, scientists offer different definitions and classification constructions of methods of this science. There is not always a justifiable division of criminalistics methods into research methods and methods of practical activity. It is emphasized that the introduction of a single, unified, consistent classification of methods in criminalistics science is a prerequisite for the further effective scientific research in this area of knowledge and the solution of praxeological tasks in the activity of judicial investigative bodies, expert institutions, operational units. Finding out established approaches to the classification of methods in science of criminalistics will contribute to the final formation of the modern scientific criminalistics paradigm. In view of the results of the analysis of scientific approaches, it is proposed to divide the methods in forensics into two varieties, using the following terms: 1) methods of criminalistics that means methods of studying the subject of research of this field of knowledge, carrying out scientific research; 2) criminalistics methods, that is, the optimal methods of action of authorized subjects that are the result of the conducted research and recommended for practical use. Methods of criminalistics should be grouped into the following levels: philosophical, general scientific (methods of empirical research, methods of theoretical research, general logical methods), separate scientific (special) (borrowed, transformed, especially criminalistics). In turn, forensic methods can be divided into: methods of collecting, recording and investigating evidence; methods of using forensic and special techniques; methods of conducting individual investigative (search) actions; methods of designing and testing investigators, court, expert versions and construction of forecasting models, etc. The above points out that in the forensic scientific knowledge there is a complex, dynamic, subordinated system of numerous methods of different levels, spheres of action, directions, which are realized taking into account specific conditions and subject of research. At the same time, this system is open and constantly updated with new methods as a result of their development and renewing.

scholarly journals Scientific method as the foundation of scientific research

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Anita Kovačić-Popović
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Data Collection Method ◽  
General Scientific

The methodology deals with the methods of acquiring scientific knowledge, i.e. all aspects of scientific research as a method of gaining scientific knowledge about phenomena and processes. Scientific method enables gaining scientific knowledge by applying a series of principles, rules and procedures. Every research includes several general scientific methods. Hypothetical-deductive scientific method of acquiring knowledge and modeling method characterize empirical research, while comparative and analytical-deductive methods are applied in theoretical research. It is impossible to carry out research without a data collection method. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely define the methods, techniques and instruments that will be applied in research to gain new scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MANAGEMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED BUSINESS STRUCTURES

Management ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Asem Djamal Dawoud
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Business Structures

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. In modern economic conditions the formation of financial and economic factors to enhance the development of integrated business structures cannot take place without the active use of mathematical modeling methods. One of the main directions of improving the financial and economic mechanism is the use of these methods as an effective modern tool for strategic management of the development of integrated business structures.METHODS.The methodology of scientific research are general scientific and special research methods: All scientific research carried out within the framework of established integrated business structures, use general scientific methods, such as the method of scientific abstraction, the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of unity of historical and logical, positive and normative methods, as well as specific research methods. To the specific methods of research can be attributed modeling, which is presented in the study as the basis for effective management of the development of integrated business structures.FINDINGS. The hypothesis of the scientific study is to model the process of development of integrated business structures as a given condition for managing the available combined potential. The aim of the study is to substantiate theoretically the use of mathematical modeling in the management of the development of integrated business structures.CONCLUSION. It was determined that in modern conditions, under the specifics of the formation and development of integrated management structures, which includes many structural units, to improve the management mechanism can be achieved by using as an effective tool of computer technology, allowing a flexible and responsive to changing economic conditions.

scholarly journals Correction of convicts by reorientation of their emotional-volitional qualities

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 (6) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
TATIANA V. KIRILLOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject

The article examines scientific approaches to the study of the emotional and volitional spheres of convicts’ personality, their importance for the organization of corrective impact, corrective and preventive work with various categories of convicts. The subject of the article is the official statistics, scien- tific literature on the problem considered. The aim was to study the emotional and volitional qualities of convicts. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the system-structural, formal-logical methods, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. As a result of the work carried out, the concepts of «emotional sphere of personality» and «volitional sphere of personality» were studied in relation to the realities of the penitentiary society. The results of a study of the emotional-volitional qualities of convicts are presented, the classification of convicts according to their emotional-volitional qualities is substantiated. Conclusions are made about increasing the effectiveness of corrective impact on convicts, taking into account the results of the pilot study. Key words: convicts, emotional and volitional personality traits, diagnostics, correction, corrective impact.

scholarly journals Prevention and resolution of constitutional conflicts: concept and methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Irina A. Tretyak
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Conflict Prevention ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Enforcement ◽  
Conflicts Resolution ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cooperative Methods

The subject. The article is devoted to different methods of constitutional conflicts resolution, classification of constitutional conflicts, genesis of constitutional conflict diagnostics theory as a system of different measures for constitutional conflicts prevention.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that methods of constitutional conflicts resolution and prevention may be classified by different bases.The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description) as well as sociological and economic approaches. The main results and scope of their application. The author describes different groups of conflict resolution methods, it’s types and system. The optimal way to resolve the constitutional conflict is systematic application of the following principles: 1) the legality of measures; 2) priority of human and civil rights and freedoms; 3) ultimo ratio (last resort); 4) proportionality of measures; 5) the effectiveness of measures, aimed at resolving the constitutional conflict. Conclusions. Constitutional conflicts are resolved by special legal methods. Depending on the enforceability of such methods for the conflicting parties, such methods can be classified into: - enforcement methods, that are based on the constitutional power of legal enforcement to be applied to one side of the conflict by the other party or by the actor of the constitutional-legal conflict (measures of constitutional enforcement, the mechanism of checks and balances); - cooperative methods, which are understood as mechanisms for resolving constitutional conflicts, enshrined in the norms of constitutional law and based on cooperation, mutual assistance of the parties to the conflict on a parity basis (various forms of coordination, such as negotiations, mediation, conciliation). Methods and mechanisms of conflicts prevention are not the part of methods of resolving constitutional conflicts, since the first methods are applied before the appearance of constitutional and legal conflicts. A constitutional conflict diagnostics as a method of constitutional conflict prevention is based on risk management system and represents a system of legal and organizational measures, aimed at identifying risks of constitutional conflicts and legal monitoring.

On administrative responsibility of recipients of inter-budget transfers for violating the procedure and (or) terms of provision (expenditure) of inter-budget transfers

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2158-2168
Author(s):  
German N. SKLYAROV
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Law ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Administrative Responsibility

Subject. The article discusses administrative responsibility of recipients of inter-budget transfers (their officials) for violating the procedure and (or) conditions for provision (spending) of inter-budget transfers, including an attempt to determine the time of occurrence of the offense for which it is possible to bring to administrative responsibility. Objectives. The aim is to identify problems in the field of administrative and financial legislation that complicate the classification of violations of the procedure and (or) conditions for the provision (spending) of inter-budget transfers. Methods. The study draws on general scientific methods, like analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as formal logic and comparative law methods. Results. The findings include the following: 1) the current legislation does not define the moment, after which an inter-budget transfer is considered as granted; 2) in some cases, laws and regulations directly establish the time, from which the provision of inter-budget transfer is considered completed; 3) if there is no such an indication in a regulatory legal act, presumably, the inter-budget transfer is considered as provided when the funds entered the single account of the budget of a public law entity; 4) violations of the procedure and (or) conditions for the provision of inter-budget transfers are possible even before the actual provision of such transfers. Conclusions. The current version of Part 3 of Article 15.15.3 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses requires clarification as to the wording of the subject that committed an offense.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF INFLUENCE FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF TERRITORIAL SYSTEM MONODEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Nataliia Smochko
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Territorial Systems

The purpose of this work is a theoretical study of a factor group influencing the formation of mono-development in socio-geographical systems, in particular the classification of factors according to the following criteria: degree of influence, nature of influence, level of influence and the impact of globalization on all groups. Methods. The study used general scientific methods, including analysis, scientific synthesis, analytical method, methods of comparison and generalization. The scientific novelty is that the article identifies different groups of factors of monodevelopment in territorial systems, which should be understood as a set of reasons for the formation of its unique properties, connections, relationships and driving forces of functioning, transformation in modern geospace. It has been revealed that objective factors of territorial system monodevelopment act as system-forming factors and directly influence the level of viability and viability of monosystem and its subsystems, determine differences of preconditions of monodevelopment of territorial system. It is manifested in territorial-component and territorial-functional aspects on the socio-economic, natural resource and demographic potentials of the territorial system. Practical meaning. The results of this study are the basis for scientific and theoretical research of the territorial system of monodevelopment, the methodological basis for revealing the features of formation, functioning and transformation (improvement, stimulation and regulation) of spatial structures in modern geospatial.

scholarly journals AUXILIARY PREMISE THE PEOPLES OF SOUTHERN DAGESTAN IN THE XIX-BEGINNING. XX CENTURY. (ETHNO-ECOLOGICAL ASPECT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 760-769
Author(s):  
Zoya B. Ramazanova ◽  
Sevda A. Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Ecological Aspect ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Descriptive Method

The article is based on field ethnographic material collected by the author in southern Dagestan. Mainly considered buildings of the XIX-beginning. XX century. Auxiliary premises and buildings that had additional (applied) functions affected not only the volume of housing, but also significantly determined its appearance, the layout of the housing and economic complex, the composition of construction materials, the size and build-up of the yard, and the sanitary condition. The article indicates the attachment to the home of a storeroom for food and other auxiliary buildings. When writing the article, we used General scientific methods (analysis, synthesis), which allow us to consider the role and place of auxiliary buildings in the ethnoculture of the peoples of southern Dagestan, and show what is special in connection with various conditions (environmental). In addition to General scientific research, the article uses special research methods: identification of the specific, descriptive method, etc. In the article, we came to the following results – the considered auxiliary (economic, applied) buildings had two ecological functions: storage of food and household equipment (barn, sheds) and for keeping livestock. In conclusion, a little is said about the Soviet time, and the post-Soviet time is not affected, since at this time there is no certain pattern of development of the traditional economic complex.

scholarly journals «INFORMOLOGY» IN DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH: TERMS AND ESSENTIAL APPROACHES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Matvienko ◽  
Michael Tsyvin
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Information Approach ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Scientific Consensus ◽  
Information Processes ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of the article is to identify essential approaches to understanding informology and the practice of using «informological» terminology in disciplinary research. The research methodology is based on a set of general scientific methods of generalization, systematization and forecasting. Methodology. Research methods used: analysis of the documentary flow of publications in which the subject or object is informology or related problematic aspects, the method of analogy to find common and separate in the approaches of researchers to the essence of informology, hypothetical analysis allowed to draw conclusions about scientific consensus in among Ukrainian scientists on informology as a «science of information». The scientific novelty is to identify modern approaches to understanding informology in disciplinary research, substantiate the conclusion that there is a scientific consensus in the understanding of informology as a science of information while not presenting research that would clearly outline the substantive basis of informology and justify the list of disciplines generalizing science. Conclusions. In the domestic scientific discourse, informology is considered to be a generalizing science that covers the study of all aspects related to information and information processes. There is a scientific consensus in the disciplinary community regarding this understanding. The existence of informology as a theoretical and methodological basis in the system of scientific research is characterized by the factual absence of the representation in the scientific discourse of its subject-content bases. The considered approaches, considerations, and terminological applications related to «informology» do not highlight its role as a generalizing science for disciplines that use the information approach, do not reveal conceptual interdisciplinary theories, concepts, and models proposed on its basis within the information approach and do not present the epistemological potential of informology. Keywords: informology, information sciences, information approach, scientific consensus, terminology.

Current Problems of Concluding an Agreement on the Alimony Payment for Minors in Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3(33)) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Yulia ARTEMYEVA ◽  
Natalya IVANOVSKAYA ◽  
Valentina KONCHEVA ◽  
Elena SITKAREVA
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Social Modeling ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The purpose of the manuscript is to analyze the trends and peculiarities of contractual regulation of alimony obligations concerning minors in Russia. The authors use a set of philosophical, general and special scientific methods of cognition of theoretical and empirical materials. In the course of the research, a dialectical-materialistic method was used to study the norms of family and civil law in their interrelations, interdependence, contradictions, taking into account all-roundness and objectivity in the study. In order to conduct a comprehensive study of problematic issues, general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, systemic) and private-science (comparative-legal, formal-legal, technical-legal, social modeling of the research) methods of cognition are used in the manuscript. The proposed comparative legal study allows for determining the main directions for the following: comprehensive improvement of the legal norms for the protection of the interests of the child in the process of divorcing parents, establishing the subject composition of agreements on the payment of alimony, determining the criteria for taking into account the various factors of participation in the life of the child when calculating the amount of content, developing a system of extra-judicial resolution of material welfare issues of the child during divorce, to optimize judicial practice, create a comfortable atmosphere for the development and upbringing of children.  

Formation of a new industrial landscape in the context of innovative risks

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
E. Levina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Landscape ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Landscape ◽  
Different Levels

The problem of risk management, especially in the new conditions associated with global challenges and threats and the transformation of the economy, is of an urgent nature. The aim of the study is to expand the possibilities of minimizing risks for enterprises in the conditions of the formation of a new industrial landscape. The object of the study is the risks of industrial enterprises. The subject of the study is the features of minimizing the risks of industrial enterprises in the conditions of economic transformation. The methodology of the study consisted of the following general scientific and private scientific methods and approaches: the method of analysis and synthesis for studying the features of management and risk minimization in organizations of different levels, methods of classification and generalization for expanding the typologies of risks of industrial enterprises, structural and functional, systemic and situational approaches for risk analysis and the development of proposals for their minimization, as well as mathematical and statistical methods of analysis of open empirical data. The results of the study. The paper presents theoretical and applied aspects of using platform solutions and artificial intelligence elements to minimize the risks of industrial enterprises in the development of a new economic landscape. Conclusions. The author of the article supplemented the typologies of risks of industrial enterprises and proposed solutions to minimize them. Application. The results of the study can be used for further studies of this problem.

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