scholarly journals 2020 Cool-Season Forage Variety Recommendations for Florida

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
A. R. Blount ◽  
M. Wallau ◽  
E. Rios ◽  
J. M. B. Vendramini ◽  
J. C. B. Dubeux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Previous Version ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Short Days

Perennial warm-season pasture grasses used in Florida become dormant in late fall and winter because of short days, cooler temperatures, and frosts. Many livestock producers may choose to establish cool-season annual pasture species to supplement their forage production. These plants are usually higher in total digestible nutrients (TDN) and crude protein (CP) than summer perennial grasses, translating into greater animal performance (Dubeux et al., 2016). Planting and growing these forage crops can involve considerable expense and is somewhat risky because rainfall is often unpredictable during the fall establishment period. The species and varieties for potential use vary in the distribution of production during the cooler months and in the type of soils where they are best adapted. This publication provides the most up-to-date information on current adapted cool-season forage varieties. The recommendation of varieties is based on multi-location, multi-year cultivar evaluation experiments that may include trials in Georgia and other states. Previous version: Wallau, Marcelo, Ann Blount, Esteban Rios, Joao Vendramini, Jose Dubeux, Md Babar, and Kevin Kenworthy. 2019. “2019 Cool-Season Forage Variety Recommendations for Florida”. EDIS2019 (August). https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/view/115513.

Forage production for dairy farming in terms of the Research Station “Poyma”

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
А.А. Анисимов ◽  
П.И. Комахин ◽  
В.Н. Золотарев
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Animal Product ◽  
Advanced Experience ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Silage Production

Важнейшей проблемой продовольственной безопасности страны является уровень обеспеченности населения молочными продуктами. В связи с этим большое значение имеет опыт работы передовых хозяйств такого профиля в определённых почвенно-климатических и природно-экологических условиях. ФГБУ «Опытная станция «Пойма» является одним из наиболее эффективных хозяйств в Московской области по производству молока. Общая площадь сельскохозяйственных угодий составляет 6135 га, из них 2000 га пашни. В структуре посевных площадей 95% и более занимают кормовые культуры, в том числе 12–14% — однолетние травы, 68–70% — многолетние травы и природные кормовые угодья, 15–16% — кукуруза на силос. Основное производство кормов сосредоточено на высокоплодородных пойменных землях, на долю которых приходится 84% кормовых угодий. В статье изложены результаты системного применения достижений науки и передового опыта по стабильному производству высококачественных объёмистых кормов. Проведён анализ состояния кормопроизводства и животноводства хозяйства с 1982 по 2020 год, освещены научные подходы к увеличению производства кормов и животноводческой продукции. Системное освоение передовых научных разработок по созданию высокопродуктивных кормовых посевов и стабильному производству высококачественных объёмистых кормов, их рациональному хранению и использованию, техническая модернизация позволили увеличить среднегодовой надой на корову с 4079 до 9708 кг, или более чем в 2,3 раза, при одновременном снижении расхода кормов на 1 кг молока с 1,37 до 0,90 корм. ед. при повышении рентабельности с 16 до 28%. Food safety of the country is highly affected by the availability of milk products. Therefore, the experience of leading farms is of great importance under certain environmental conditions. The Research Station “Poyma” is one of the leading milk producers in the Moscow region. Its fields occupy around 6135 ha. The proportion of forage crops amounts to 95% including 12–14% of annual grasses, 68–70% of perennial grasses and natural forage lands as well as 15–16% of maize for silage production. 84% of the total cultivation area are high-fertile floodlands. This article focuses on the application of the latest scientific findings and advanced experience for stable production of high-quality bulk fodder. The efficiency of forage production and Animal Husbandry was analyzed in the period from 1982 to 2020. The methods and practices were reviewed to optimize forage and animal product resources. Average annual milk yield was improved from 4079 to 9708 kg per cow, or by more than 2.3 times due to the introduction of the latest findings into the production process including the cultivation of high-productive forage crops, stabilization of bulk fodder supplies, feed effective storage and use. Forage consumption dropped from 1.37 to 0.90 feed units for the production of 1 kg of milk, payback increased from 16 to 28%.

Establishment of Warm- and Cool-Season Native Perennial Grasses on the North-West Slopes of New South Wales. Ii. Establishment and Seedling Survival in the Field

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Lodge
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Native Pastures

Emergence and survival of the seedlings of warm-season native perennial grasses Aristida ramosa R.Br., Bothriochloa macra (Steud.) S . T. Blake, Dichanthium sericeum (R.Br.) Camus, Sporobolus elongatus R.Br., Eragvostis leptostachya Steud. and Chloris truncata R.Br. and the cool-season species Stipa variabilis Hughes and Danthonia linkii Kunth were studied in both native pastures and sown monospecific plots on the north- west slopes of New South Wales. The most favourable period for the successful emergence and establishment of warm-season grasses was from mid summer to early autumn. Cool-season native perennial grasses established best from seedlings that appeared from mid autumn to late winter. Few seedlings were observed to germinate in spring, probably as a result of large variations in temperature, low minimum temperatures or intra and interspecific competition. Seedlings growing in native pasture spent long periods in the vegetative phase compared to the early flowering of seedlings in the sown plots. In the pasture studied only two seedlings flowered over 700 days after emergence, and many others after persisting for up to 2 years died without producing seed. These findings indicate that the seedlings in these native pastures were under considerable stress and that the adult populations of the species examined were relatively stable and little recruitment occurred.

Change of physical and chemical properties of grey forest soil of Tatarstan agrocenosis under the influence of Alfalfa cultivated on different mineral nutrition backgrounds

10.12737/1382 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
Сочнева ◽  
Svetlana Sochneva ◽  
Миннулин ◽  
Genadiy Minnulin ◽  
Сафиоллин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In the world more than 100 types of crops are cultivated on the fodder purposes, including perennial grasses, corn, fodder and forage crops account, which provides about 70% of the livestock’s necessity. Among the perennial grasses, the leading position, both in areas under crops and the yield, is alfalfa crop, which is grown in 165 countries around the world according to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, especially in the countries of Americas (20-25 million hectares). Furthermore, the palatability ratio of green and dry alfalfa is significantly higher, compared to other legumes perennial grasses. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of alfalfa forage production in the modern forage production. This paper presents the current issues of growing alfalfa on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition. In our country its acreage needs to be expanded to 350 hectares (40% of the acreage of perennial grasses), because the farming biologization without the inclusion this crop in the field, forage and farms crop rotation is theoretically impossible and not feasible. In order to obtain the high biomass of at least 23 tons per hectare and agriculture biologization on gray forest soils of the Republic of Tatarstan we recommend to cultivate alfalfa mixed with awnless rump and meadow fescue in the ratio of 0,70:0,15:0,15. In households with high use of chemicals so that to obtain for more than 36 tons per hectare of green herbage mass in polyspecific grasses, it should prevail crop components (awnless rump and meadow fescue), which are in a leading position, according to the impact on the agro biological properties of the soil of Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan.

scholarly journals Yield, Yield Distribution, and Forage Quality of Warm-Season Perennial Grasses Grown for Pasture or Biofuel in the Southern Great Plains

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Rogers ◽  
Frank J. Motal ◽  
Jagadeesh Mosali
Keyword(s):  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Yield Distribution ◽  
South Central

Fifteen introduced and native warm-season perennial grasses were evaluated for yield, yield distribution, and quality in south-central Oklahoma. These grasses have production potential for forage and/or biofuel. Each was harvested one to four times per year. “Alamo” switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) had a two-year average dry matter yield of 17690 kg . Over 1/3 of this production occurred in May with a crude protein (CP) range of 97–115 g . Alamo’s high yield potential and early spring growth make it attractive for spring forage production and fall biomass production. Other grasses with two-year average dry matter yields over 11200 kg  and 1/3 of yearly production occurring early in the growing season that have potential dual purpose use include “Selection 75” kleingrass (Panicum coloratum), “Midland 99” bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), “Carostan” flaccidgrass (Pennisetum flaccidum), and “Ermelo” weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula).

scholarly journals 40 Alternative forages for dairy heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Matthew Akins ◽  
Elizabeth Remick ◽  
Huawei Su ◽  
Lingyan Li ◽  
Abbey Grisham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Moderate Energy

Abstract Dairy heifers have moderate energy needs with diets containing high proportions of corn silage, often exceeding needs of pregnant heifers. Use of moderate energy forages to decrease energy and increase NDF content has been successful to control intake and growth of pregnant heifers. Several forages could be used, including cereal grain forages/straws, warm season perennial grasses, sorghum forages, and corn stover. Higher NDF content diets control intake through rumen fill as heifers eat approximately 1% of bodyweight in NDF daily. Research at the University of Wisconsin found reduced intakes and more desirable gains for pregnant heifers fed diets that included either corn stover, wheat straw, or eastern gamagrass (0.8–1.0 kg gain/day) compared with heifers fed an alfalfa/corn silage diet (1.2 kg gain/day). A study feeding alfalfa stemlage also found that heifers had more desirable gains (0.9–1.0 kg/day) when fed diets with stemlage or straw than heifers fed an alfalfa/corn silage diet. Sorghum forages may also work to partially replace corn silage in the forage program, with an opportunity to double-crop with cereal grain forages. Wisconsin studies show that sorghum forages can have similar or greater yields than corn silage when planted in early to mid-June and harvested once in the fall, with sorghums being more responsive to irrigation and nitrogen than corn. Most sorghums had similar or greater yields than corn silage when fertilized at 22–45 kg N/acre or irrigated at 50–75% of levels recommended for corn. A recent study found heifers fed sorghum-sudangrass silage based diets had lower intakes due to higher NDF content leading to more optimal daily gains (0.9 kg/d) than heifers fed a corn silage/alfalfa silage/grass hay diet that had similar protein and energy content, but was lower in NDF content. Use of alternative forages can help control nutrient intake and thus growth, and can also help control costs and improve nutrient/manure management by lowering intakes and forage production costs.

Establishment of Warm- and Cool-Season Native Perennial Grasses on the North-West Slopes of New South Wales. I. Dormancy and Germination

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Lodge ◽  
RDB Whalley
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Ecological Implications

The dormancy and germination of two groups of native perennial grasses were investigated in caryopses or dispersal units. The species were the warm-season native perennial grasses Aristida ramosa R.Br., Bothriochloa macra (Steud.) S. T . Blake. Dichanthium sericeum (R.Br.) Camus, Sporobolus elongatus R.Br., Eragrostis leptostachya Steud., Chloris truncata R.Br. and the cool-season species Stipa variabilis Hughes and Danthonia linkii Kunth. Optimum temperatures for germination were 20-35°C for A . ramosa; 15-35° for D. sericeum and C. Truncata; 20-25° for E. leptostachya; 20-30° for B. macra and S. elongatus and 15-25° for D. linkii and S . Variabilis. At 1O° and 40° D. linkii and A. ramosa respectively were the only species that had high germination percentages. Removal of the lemma and palea from freshly harvested units of A. ramosa, B. macra, D. sericeum, C. Truncata and S. variabilis significantly increased germination. In units stored at 12-27°C there was a breakdown in dormancy after 2-3 months in A. ramosa and B. macra and after 9 months in S. elongatus. In the germination of D. sericeum and D. linkii the lemma and palea appeared to have a long-term inhibitory role. Twenty-week-old whole dispersal units of B. macra, S. elongatus and E. leptostachya and 40-week-old units of S. elongatus and E. leptostachya had an obligate light requirement for germination. The ecological implications of these data in the successful germination of natural seed falls and artificial seedings are discussed.

Effect of Aminocyclopyrachlor on Seedling Grasses

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie L. Wirt ◽  
Rodney G. Lym
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Big Bluestem ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Western Wheatgrass ◽  
Warm Season Grasses

When invasive weeds are removed with herbicides, revegetation of native species is often desirable. The extended soil activity of aminocyclopyrachlor is important for long-term weed control but could reduce recovery of native species as well. The effect of aminocyclopyrachlor applied alone or with chlorsulfuron on cool- and warm-season grass species commonly used for revegetation was evaluated. The cool-season grasses included green needlegrass, intermediate wheatgrass, and western wheatgrass, whereas the warm-season grasses were big bluestem, sideoats grama, and switchgrass. A separate experiment was conducted for each species. Aminocyclopyrachlor was applied at 91 to 329 g ha−1 alone or with chlorsulfuron from 42 to 133 g ha−1 approximately 30 d after emergence. Warm-season grasses generally were more tolerant of aminocyclopyrachlor than the cool-season grasses evaluated in this study. Switchgrass and big bluestem were the most tolerant of the warm-season species when aminocyclopyrachlor was applied at 168 g ha−1 and averaged 199 and 150% forage production, respectively, compared with the control. Green needlegrass was the most tolerant cool-season grass. Western wheatgrass was the least tolerant species evaluated because forage production only averaged 32% of the control the year after treatment and thus would not be suitable for seeding if aminocyclopyrachlor was applied. The effect of chlorsulfuron applied with aminocyclopyrachlor varied by grass species. For example, green needlegrass injury 8 wk after treatment (WAT) averaged 30 and 48% when aminocylopyrachlor was applied alone, respectively, but injury was reduced to less than 16% when aminocyclopyrachlor was applied with chlorsulfuron. However, injury on the less-tolerant intermediate wheatgrass ranged from 48 to 92% by 4 WAT when aminocyclopyrachlor was applied alone and from 60 to 86% when chlorsulfuron was included in the treatment.

scholarly journals New promising annual crops for green mass in the Far North

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
E. S. Pestereva ◽  
S. A. Pavlova ◽  
N. N. Zhirkova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Far North ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Oilseed Radish ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Fodder Crops

Relevance and methods. The article presents the results of studies conducted at the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture. Scientific research on the study of promising new forage crops was carried out on site 30 "A" (on the basis of the forage production laboratory of the YANIISKh) on the second floodplain terrace of the river. Lena in 2016–2018. The effect of three sowing dates on the yield of promising annual fodder crops is studied.Results. The results of studies on the growth, development, productivity, nutritional value of promising annual crops are presented. Productivity in three sowing periods during the harvesting period of sunflower reached feed units 1.2– 2.7 t/ha, crude protein — 2.5–5.1 t/ha, corn — feed units 0.7–2.2 t/ha, crude protein — 2.8–6.9 t /ha, oilseed radish feed units 1.1–1.3 t/ha, crude protein 3.3–5.0 t/ha. The optimal sowing and harvesting dates of promising annual fodder crops for the production of high-quality succulent and voluminous feeds are established — 1 term (sowing — I decade of June, harvesting — II decade of August); 2 term (sowing — the 2nd decade of June, harvesting — the 3rd decade of August) in the phase of mass flowering and discarding panicles of the tested feed crops.

The quality of pork according to the back fat thickness

10.12737/1384 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Пинчук ◽  
Viktor Pinchuk ◽  
Рябичева ◽  
Angelina Ryabicheva ◽  
Стрельцов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In the world more than 100 types of crops are cultivated on the fodder purposes, including perennial grasses, corn, fodder and forage crops account, which provides about 70% of the livestock’s necessity. Among the perennial grasses, the leading position, both in areas under crops and the yield, is alfalfa crop, which is grown in 165 countries around the world according to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, especially in the countries of Americas (20-25 million hectares). Furthermore, the palatability ratio of green and dry alfalfa is significantly higher, compared to other legumes perennial grasses. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of alfalfa forage production in the modern forage production. This paper presents the current issues of growing alfalfa on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition. In our country its acreage needs to be expanded to 350 hectares (40% of the acreage of perennial grasses), because the farming biologization without the inclusion this crop in the field, forage and farms crop rotation is theoretically impossible and not feasible. In order to obtain the high biomass of at least 23 tons per hectare and agriculture biologization on gray forest soils of the Republic of Tatarstan we recommend to cultivate alfalfa mixed with awnless rump and meadow fescue in the ratio of 0,70:0,15:0,15. In households with high use of chemicals so that to obtain for more than 36 tons per hectare of green herbage mass in polyspecific grasses, it should prevail crop components (awnless rump and meadow fescue), which are in a leading position, according to the impact on the agro biological properties of the soil of Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan.

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