scholarly journals Wireworms in Florida Sugarcane

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
R. H. Cherry ◽  
M. Karounos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Damage ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Flood Duration ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Ratoon Sugarcane ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
Soil Insecticides

Wireworms, the larval stage of a click beetle, often cause severe damage to numerous crops in Florida. At least twelve species of wireworms have been found in southern Florida, but only the corn wireworm, Melanotus communis, is considered to cause significant economic damage to sugarcane. Since M. communis is the important wireworm species, the rest of this document will pertain to this species. Generally, wireworms are a pest of newly planted sugarcane and only rarely a pest in ratoon sugarcane. More studies are needed, but the current information suggests substantial percentages (e.g. 40% or more) of wireworms could be killed by flooding but, in general, the flood duration had to be at least 4 to 5 weeks at water temperatures above 24 °C. Soil insecticides are generally used in newly planted sugarcane for wireworm control. Insecticides are not used for wireworm control in ratoon sugarcane. Pheromone traps are untested in Florida sugarcane for click beetles but have an important function in for both mass trapping and monitoring in other agricultural systems.

Behavior-based control of insect crop pests

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra A. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Crop Pests ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Crop Development

Manipulation of insect behavior can provide the foundation for effective strategies for control of insect crop pests. A detailed understanding of life cycles and the behavioral repertoires of insect pests is essential for development of this approach. A variety of strategies have been developed based on behavioral manipulation and include mass trapping, attract-and-kill, auto-dissemination, mating and host plant location disruption, and push-pull. Insight into application of these strategies for insect pests within Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera/Thysanoptera are provided, but first with an overview of economic damage and traditional control approaches, and overview of relevant behavioral/ecological traits. Then examples are provided of how these different control strategies are applied for each taxonomic group. The future of these approaches in the context of altered crop development for repellency or as anti-feedants, the effects of climate change and the risks of behaviorally-based methods are discussed.

scholarly journals Firefly genomes illuminate parallel origins of bioluminescence in beetles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Fallon ◽  
Sarah E. Lower ◽  
Ching-Ho Chang ◽  
Manabu Bessho-Uehara ◽  
Gavin J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Firefly Luciferase ◽  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Photinus Pyralis ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The North ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Light Organs ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractFireflies and their fascinating luminous courtships have inspired centuries of scientific study. Today firefly luciferase is widely used in biotechnology, but the evolutionary origin of their bioluminescence remains unclear. To shed light on this long-standing question, we sequenced the genomes of two firefly species that diverged over 100 million-years-ago: the North AmericanPhotinus pyralisand JapaneseAquatica lateralis.We also sequenced the genome of a related click-beetle, the CaribbeanIgnelater luminosus,with bioluminescent biochemistry near-identical to fireflies, but anatomically unique light organs, suggesting the intriguing but contentious hypothesis of parallel gains of bioluminescence. Our analyses support two independent gains of bioluminescence between fireflies and click-beetles, and provide new insights into the genes, chemical defenses, and symbionts that evolved alongside their luminous lifestyle.One Sentence Summary:Comparative analyses of the first linkage-group-resolution genomes of fireflies and related bioluminescent beetles address long-standing questions of the origin and evolution of bioluminescence and its associated traits.

scholarly journals Effect of Collection Month, Visible Light, and Air Movement on the Attraction of Male Agriotes obscurus L. (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Click Beetles to Female Sex Pheromone

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Joyce P. S. Leung ◽  
Jenny S. Cory ◽  
J. Todd Kabaluk ◽  
Alida F. Janmaat
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Agriotes Obscurus ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Click Beetle

Elaterid female sex pheromone, while currently used for monitoring the adult life stage (click beetle), has only recently been explored as a potential management tool. Consequently, there is little understanding of how abiotic and biotic conditions influence the response of click beetles to the pheromone. We examined whether the response of male Agriotes obscurus L. (Coleoptera: Elateridae) beetles to a cellulose-based formulation of female sex pheromone (‘pheromone granules’) is influenced by air movement, presence of visible light, and month of beetle collection. In addition, we investigated the distance from which beetles were attracted to the pheromone granules. Click beetle response was determined by measuring movement parameters in free-walking arena experiments. The response to pheromone was not affected by the presence or absence of visible light. We found that beetles collected earlier in the season had increased activity and interaction with pheromone under moving air conditions, compared to beetles collected later. When controlling for storage time, we confirmed that individuals collected in May were less active than beetles collected in March and April. In the field, beetles were recaptured from up to 14 m away from a pheromone granule source, with over 50% being recovered within 4.4 h from a distance of 7 m or less. Understanding how abiotic and biotic factors affect pest response to pheromone can lead to more effective and novel uses of pheromone-based management strategies.

scholarly journals Distribution and relative abundance of the economically important click beetles (Elateridae: Agriotes sp.) in Hungary

2010 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Antal Nagy ◽  
István Dávid ◽  
István Szarukán
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Significant Damage

Click beetle (Elateridae: Agriotes sp.) species of 24 sites in different regions of Hungary were studied in 2010. A. brevis, A. sputator, A. obscurus, A. lineatus, A. rufipalpis and A. ustulatus were sampled by pheromone traps in maize fields. During the study more than 80000 beetles were caught. The three most common species were A. ustulatus, A. sputator and A. rufipalpis. The distribution of the studied species was uneven. In south Hungary A. ustulatus, A, rufipalpis and A. sputator were the three most abundant species. In the Transdanubia A. sputator was the most abundant. A. ustulatus reached higher abundance in only three sites (3/12). A. obscurus occurred only in west Hungary (Transdanubia). In eastern Hungary the abundance of studied species was higher. In this reason we have to monitor the populations of these pests and if it is necessary we have to take actions against them. In Transdanubia the abundance were generally lower but in many cases reached the threshold of significant damage. Beyond that 13 additional species were sampled so the total number of sampled species was 19.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Selected Parapheromones for Mass Trapping of Mango Fruit Fly, Ceratitis cosyra Walker and Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Mango

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
C. Ebi
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Male Annihilation ◽  
Ceratitis Cosyra

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop in Nigeria. It is a source of essential vitamins and is also cultivated for its nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. Fruit flies infest various commercial fruit crops and cause economic damage. Mass trapping and male annihilation technique (MAT) has been the most useful and common means of controlling fruit flies with special focus on Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) on mangoes. The study evaluated the effectiveness of four types of parapheromones namely, methyl eugenol (liquid and solid forms), cuelure, terpinyl acetate and trimedlure for mass trapping of fruit flies on Mango. Modified Lynfield traps containing the parapheromones were randomly set on the mango orchards in three replicates in Nigeria Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT) orchard, Okigwe, Imo state, Southeast Nigeria. This study was conducted during the mango fruiting period of 2019 season, when the density of fruit flies peaked. Effect of parapheromones on mean number of damaged dropped fruits was also evaluated. The mean population of B. dorsalis and Ceratitis cosyra was significantly higher (P>0.05) in liquid methyl eugenol traps when compared to other parapheromones. Bactrocera dorsalis recorded more than 90% of the fruit flies that were trapped especially in the first 3 weeks of trapping. In orchard I, Liquid methyl eugenol significantly (P<0.05) trapped highest number of B. dorsalis (270.20) in week I and similar trends were observed in orchard II. There was steady decline in damaged dropped mango fruits as the study progressed (Fig. 1 and 2). Use of liquid methyl eugenol was most effective in trapping B. dorsalis and C. cosyra, and it can be incorporated in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programmes for the control of fruit flies.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of click beetle complexes in perennial plantings of the Western Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 04015
Author(s):  
Valeriy Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Western Caucasus ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
The Western Caucasus

The complexes of click beetles in the perennial plantations of the Western Caucasus are formed at the expense of species from the surrounding (adjacent) biotopes. In the forest zone, the complexes are formed by their similarity to meadow biotopes (biocenoses) with inclusions of dominant species from meadow biotopes of the foothill lane. Agriotes tauricus Heyd., and Drasterius bimaculatus (Rossi) are common species in all lanes and zones of the studied region. Species Agriotes gurgistanus (Fald.), Melanotus fusciceps (Gyll.), Athous Circassiensis Reitt., Agriotes sputator (L.) are most often dominant of elateridocoplex.

scholarly journals The first mainland European Mesozoic click-beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) revealed by X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning of an Upper Cretaceous amber from Hungary

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márton Szabó ◽  
Robin Kundrata ◽  
Johana Hoffmannova ◽  
Tamás Németh ◽  
Emese Bodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Tomography Scanning

AbstractFossil bioinclusions in amber are invaluable source of information on the past evolution and diversity of various organisms, as well as on the paleoecosystems in general. The click-beetles, Elateridae, which originated and greatly diversified during the Mesozoic, are mostly known from the adpression-like fossils, and their diversity in the Cretaceous ambers is only poorly documented. In this study, we describe a new click-beetle based on an incomplete inclusion in ajkaite, an Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) amber from the Ajka Coal Formation from Hungary. We used X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning to reconstruct its morphology because it is deposited in an opaque piece of amber. Our results suggest that the newly described Ajkaelater merkli gen. et sp. nov. belongs to subfamily Elaterinae. It represents the first Mesozoic beetle reported from Hungary, and the first Mesozoic Elateridae formally described from mainland Europe. Our discovery supports an Eurasian distribution and diversification of Elaterinae already in the Cretaceous. The paleoenvironment of the Ajka Coal Formation agrees well with the presumed habitat preference of the new fossil taxon. The discovery of a presumably saproxylic click-beetle shed further light on the yet poorly known paleoecosystem of the Santonian present-day western Hungary.

Two Protodynastic Objects in Brussels and the Origin of the Bilobate Cult-Sign of Neith

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Hendrickx
Keyword(s):  
Original Form ◽  
Middle Kingdom ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Click Beetle

New publication and discussion of two fragmentary stone objects of Protodynastic date in the Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire in Brussels, together with a further fragment from one of them, found a few years ago in the excavations of the DAIK at Umm el-Qa'ab. The carved decoration of both includes representations of the click beetle (Agrypnus notodonta Latr.), sacred to Neith. From their iconography, it is suggested that the bilobate cult-sign of Neith originally consisted of the image of two click beetles, flanking two crossed arrows attached to a pole. Three different symbols of Neith can be distinguished during the Protodynastic Period: the bilobate object, two crossed arrows, and two bows tied together. The original meaning of the bilobate object seems to have been forgotten before the end of the Old Kingdom, and during the Middle Kingdom it lost its original form and was henceforward depicted as an oval. The significance given to it at that time remains open to discussion, but its traditional identification as a shield is most probably the result of the far more recent assimilation of Neith to the Greek goddess Athena.

Descriptions of two new species of click-beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from Turkey

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1415 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
GIUSEPPE PLATIA ◽  
MAHMUT KABALAK ◽  
OSMAN SERT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Two New Species

In this study, two new species of click-beetles, Ampedus turcicus n. sp. and Athous (Orthathous) demirsoyi n.sp., are described from Turkey. The morphologies of these new species and their genital organs are described, photographs of each species and character details are provided, and distribution maps are given.

scholarly journals A Wireworm Glyphonix bimarginatus (Schaeffer) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Elateridae)

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Dakshina R. Seal ◽  
Rafia A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
The World ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Glyphonix bimarginatus (Figure 1) is a common click beetle pest of various economically important crops. The larvae of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are elongated, wire-like and commonly known as wireworms. Wireworms are considered as subterranean economic pests during their larval stages in many parts of the world including the United States. The larvae of Glyphonix bimarginatus are commonly found with larvae of other click beetles in the field. Larvae of Glyphonix bimarginatus occurs in soil rich in organic matter and rarely in sandy soil. Young roots and germinating seeds are commonly fed upon by the larvae. This document describes its distribution, life cycle and biology, hosts, economic importance, and management. Also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1233

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