scholarly journals The comparative advantages and the patterns export of vietnam agricultural product at integration context

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Huynh Ngoc Chuong ◽  
Dinh Thi Nguyet Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Phuong ◽  
Tran Cao Quy ◽  
Nguyen Quang Vinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
The Government

The paper aims to identify agricultural produce with comparative advantages in addition to the structure of Vietnam's agricultural exports in the context of international trade integration in the period from 2000 to 2018. By using the Worldbank data (the SITC- revision 3), the indicators of the product structure analysis HHI and the revealed comparative advantage RCA indicated that given rapid commercial integration of Vietnam from 2000 to 2018, Vietnam only focused on limited key agricultural produce and neglect those with huge export potentials, though the structure of the export industry has been more diversity while that of export markets barely show changes. This implies that Vietnam is only focusing on certain markets and has not made good use of the trade agreements it has entered into to exploit the remaining markets. Through the research results, the authors believe that Vietnam has great room and opportunity in taking advantage of trade agreements, especially the EVFTA agreement (effective from August 1, 2020) to improve Vietnam's export capacity. Finally, through the research results and related references, the authors give 6 recommendations to the government and enterprises operating in the field of agricultural produce to maximize the export capacity of agricultural produce in particular and the export capacity of Vietnam in general.

China’s Industrial Development Strategies and Policies

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Justin Yifu Lin ◽  
Jianjun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Indigenous Innovation ◽  
The Government

China has adopted a transition strategy and industrial policies pragmatically according to its economic reality since the reform and opening up started in 1979. The organic combination of an effective market with a facilitating state was the main reason for the success of China’s economy in the past four decades. In the process of China’s economic development, industrial policies have played a crucial role in both industrial upgrading and technological progress. Relying on the comparative advantage—following strategy, China has fully utilized its latecomer advantage. Chinese enterprises learn advanced technologies from developed countries when the opportunities exist and do indigenous innovation when needed. Pragmatism and learning capacity has been the most important endowments and comparative advantages of the Chinese government and enterprises. With learning capacity, the government and enterprises can pragmatically explore the comparative advantage of the existing factor endowments and convert latent comparative advantages into competitive advantages to promote continuous transformation, upgrading, and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Are the Russian Federation and Turkey efficient in wheat and mandarin trade?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Figen Ceylan ◽  
Ozkan Burhan ◽  
Galina Astratova ◽  
Goksel Akpinar ◽  
Alexei Kopchenov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
The Russian Federation

The purpose of the study was intended to understand whether the Russian Federation and Turkey are efficient in wheat and mandarin trade in comparison with other significant exporters. The neighbourhood is an important aspect for developing and maintaining trade contacts. Within this perspective, the Russian Federation has been the main purchaser of Turkish fruits and vegetables. On the other hand, one of the major export products of Russia sold to Turkey is wheat in addition to energy and industrial inputs. Well knowing the importance of these product groups to both countries, it was intended to evaluate these countries rivalry in export markets concerning for their competitive countries. Authors used methods that allow to directly or indirectly assessing the degree of export competitiveness of the state: methods of comparative advantage analysis (RCA) and comparative export indicators (CEP). Wheat export of Russia and mandarin export of Turkey were compared with competitive exporters via calculation and interpretation of trade indices from 2000 to 2019. The findings indicated that Russian exports are superior to their competitors when some years were set apart. The specific overriding country has been Kazakhstan for Russian wheat, even if the productive capacities cannot be compared. Besides, Turkey ranks second after Spain for mandarin exports due to the comparative advantages. However, assessment of the findings in details indicated that there is a need to develop supporting policy and tools for two cases to increase the profitability and efficiency of the export. This is due to lower per-unit export gains and should be intervened to improve and strengthen the countries’ trade positions.

scholarly journals Perspectives of the Russian agricultural exports in terms of comparative advantage  

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 318-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benesova Irena ◽  
Maitah Mansoor ◽  
Smutka Lubos ◽  
Tomsik Karel ◽  
Ishchukova Natalia
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cis Countries

The paper analyses the current position of the Russian Federation in the global market of agricultural products and foodstuffs with the accent on the comparative advantage of Russian agricultural exports in relation to specific regions and states. The key purpose of the research is to classify the most significant changes in the structure of Russian agricultural exports. The results show that the structure of Russian trade is changing continuously and evolving along with the process of economic transformation and trade liberalization. Exports become less diversified and are concentrated in a few segments. From the perspective of comparative advantage, cereals, fish and vegetable oils are the segments of Russian exports which become more significant. The comparative advantages of Russian exports are strengthening mostly in the case of African, Asian and CIS countries.

scholarly journals Competitiveness Analysis of Indonesian Pepper in International Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Christine Amorita ◽  
Arief Daryanto ◽  
Sahara .
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
The Government

Indonesia is one of the world's largest pepper producing countries and most of Indonesia's pepper production is exported abroad. Apart from the superiority of Indonesia's natural resources, namely as a country with the second-largest area of pepper cultivation, now competition between countries cannot be measured only by the number of exports it owns. The existence of synergy between countries in producing a product with high economic value is evidence of trade integration between countries. This study aims to analyze the comparative advantage of Indonesian pepper compared to Vietnam, Brazil, India, and Malaysia, to analyze the competitive advantage of Indonesian pepper, and to analyze the value chain of Indonesian pepper. This study used a sample of five countries, namely Indonesia, Vietnam, Brazil, India, and Malaysia. This research used quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The methods used in this research used Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Porter's Diamond Theory, and value added analysis. The analysis results show that the five competing countries have a comparative advantage over pepper; Indonesia has a competitive advantage in conditions of natural resource factors. Indonesia's participation in the global value chain is declining. The main focus of the government in 2020 is on the input, production, capital, and market sides. Keywords: comparative advantage, competitive advantage, pepper, value added, value chain.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors that Influence Agricultural Trade between China and Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tumenjargal Zagdaakhuu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Average Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Exports

Mongolia-China trade turnover has increased 250 times in 28 years. The two countries formally established diplomatic relations on October 16, 1949, which has now expanded to the level of a comprehensive strategic partnership. This paper seeks to study and analyse the factors that influence agricultural product trade between China and Mongolia and give recommendations which can create new possibilities for the expansion of bilateral agricultural trade that were established in 2014. We use Comparative analysis and apply factor regression analysis methods of econometrics and Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA index) of the factors affecting the trade of agricultural products between China and Mongolia were analyzed. Our results show that the development of China-Mongolia agricultural trade is faster than the overall development of China’s agricultural product trade, the average annual growth rate from 2001 to 2018 of China-Mongolia agricultural trade is 17.1%, which is 4.3% higher than the average annual growth rate of China’s total agricultural trade, average annual growth rate of agricultural 26 import from Mongolia is 5.7% higher than the overall increase of China's agricultural imports, average annual increase of agricultural exports to Mongolia is 2.2% higher than the overall increase of China's agricultural exports, agricultural product trade is highly complementary, RCA index shows that China's livestock products industry used have a 28 very strong comparative advantage in live animals, China's live animals competitive comparative advantage has continued to decrease and the index result has fallen below 1 and Chinese pay more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products. We make policy recommendations for promoting the development of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia and provide reference for the study of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia.

scholarly journals The Competitiveness of Stevia rebaudiana as a Sweetener Alternative in Tawangmangu Subdistrict of Karanganyar Regency

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trisna Wahyu Putri ◽  
Any Suryantini ◽  
Arini Wahyu Utami
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

The purpose of this research is to analyze the competitiveness of Stevia agriculture in Tawangmangu Subdistrict, Karanganyar Regency based on its competitive and comparative advantage, as well as to know the effect of government policies on this agricultural product. The basic method used is a descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach. The study involved 14 stevia cultivators as respondents. Sampling was carried out by way of census. The data of the study were collected during one stevia planting season in the course of 2015-2018, with an average planting period of 4 years. The data were collected using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method. The results reveal that stevia farming in Tawangmangu Subdistrict is proven to have a competitive advantage as seen from the value of PP and PCR. It also has a comparative advantage as indicated by its SP and DRCR values. The impact of government policy is apparent from (a) the value of EPC and NPCO pinpointing that there is protection from government policy for domestic farmers who cultivate stevia intensively, especially for output (stevia dried leaves) prices. It is also indicated by (b) the value of NPCI highlighting that the tradable input costs paid by farmers are lower than the cost of tradable inputs that should be paid. This is in accordance with the rule of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia No.47/Permentan/SR.310/11/2018. It is pivotal that the government provide the stevia farmers with stevia superior seeds to boost the production of high-quality stevia product.

Critical Analysis on the Comparative Advantage of Presidentialism over Parliamentary System on Liberty and National Unity in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sisay A. Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Executive Organ ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Ethiopian Federal Democratic Republic (EFDR) Constitution is promulgated in 1994. Under Article (45) of the EFDR the country is restructured from presidential to parliamentary system of government. Since then, the country has been ravaged by the gross violation of the liberty of citizens and the crisis of national unity and consensus among the diversified ethnic groups. The impact of the parliamentary system in aggravating those critical challenges and the comparative advantage of presidantialism is the most ignored political research topic. In this Article, I investigated that the blurry separation of powers of the parliamentary structure of the country has created fusion of powers which has undermined the system of checks and balances. Thus, the executive organ of the government has enabled to concentrate unchecked and unaccountable power which has manifested in the gross violation of the liberty of citizens. Likewise, Article (73) of EFDR has declared that the prime minister and council of ministers of the country to be appointed by the legislators. This has deprived their boarder popular base and authenticity; and equivocally undermined their potency and decisiveness in addressing the existing crisis of national unity and consensus. Comparatively, the presidential structure of government is defined by the firm separation of powers and genuine system of checks and balances. The direct popular election of the president enables the president and council of ministers to secure broader popular base and authenticity. Thus, it is advantageous over parliamentarian structure in terms of protecting the liberty of citizens and addressing the crisis of national unity and consensus in Ethiopia.

China’s Science and Technology Progress through the Lens of Patenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Gary H. Jefferson ◽  
Renai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Patent Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Sector ◽  
Role Of The Government

This chapter assesses China’s science and technology (S&T) progress through the lens of the patenting literature in the context of China. In particular, after presenting an overview of China’s patent production over the past twenty-five years, it investigates the following questions: What accounts for China’s patent surge? What are the implications of the surge for patent quality? Does the nature of the patenting reveal China’s S&T direction and comparative advantage? How has the international sector affected China’s patent production? What has been the role of the government—the central, provincial, and local governments—in shaping patent production? And finally, how heterogeneous is China’s regional patent production; are patenting capabilities diffusing across China?

Energy reform will hit investor confidence in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investor Confidence ◽  
International Trade Agreements ◽  
The Government ◽  
Energy Reform

Significance The government will appeal the rulings, which follow action by renewables firms. With constitutional battles over energy investments already unfolding, the future of Mexico’s energy framework has been thrown into turmoil. Impacts Increasing energy prices will probably push inflation above Banxico’s upper target limit of 4%. AMLO’s apparent disregard for international trade agreements will strain relations with the United States. AMLO’s pro-austerity fiscal stance could take a toll on his popularity.

External factors will prod Russia into climate action

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbon Emissions Trading ◽  
Emissions Trading Scheme ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trading Scheme ◽  
The Eu

Significance This is still tentative planning but it indicates the Kremlin is being spurred into action by looming curbs on high-carbon products in China and the EU, Russia's key export markets. Russia has so far resisted calls for more ambitious commitments. Impacts Siberian forest fires will focus public attention on the environment, if not global warming. Blame for the wildfires, as with other environmental problems, will be weaponised in elite infighting. The government is interested in developing cheap, green hydrogen. A pilot carbon emissions trading scheme in Sakhalin could be scaled up to other parts of Russia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document