scholarly journals BIOIMPEDANSOMETRY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT INDIVIDUALIZATIONS TRAINING PROCESS GIRLS-ATHLETES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Marina Kozhedub ◽  
◽  
Eugene Vrublevsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Training System ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis ◽  
Training Process ◽  
The Individual

In modern women's sports, there is an obvious need for constant improvement of the training system, providing for the development of new means, methods and forms of organizing the training process of women, the use of optimal methods for monitoring the state of fitness and assessing the effectiveness of recovery of the body of athletes. At the same time, it is important to analyze the individual dynamics of individual morphological and functional characteristics of athletes during the ovarian-menstrual cycle (OMC). The aim of the study is to reveal the individual dynamics of the characteristics of the body composition of qualified athletes, specializing in sprints, in certain phases of the OMC. Material and methods. The set of methods used to solve the assigned tasks included the following: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature data; psychological and pedagogical testing, questionnaire. An instrumental technique used in the work: the study of the body composition of the athletes was carried out using the ABC-01 “Medass” bioimpedance analyzer (Russia). The following indicators were recorded: body weight, fat mass, fat free mass, active cell mass, musculoskeletal mass, body water mass, specific basis calories exchange (consumption and burning), as well as the phase angle. The study involved nine women, specializing in sprinting, and possessing the sports qualifications of candidates for master of sports and masters of sports. Research results. Regular changes in the parameters characterizing the morphofunctional characteristics of the female body in certain phases of the OMC were revealed, which can be an informative indicator for the use of various training influences, taking into account the individual dynamics of the biorhythmics of the body of a particular athlete. Conclusions. The use of bioimpedance analysis of body composition in athletics is an effective, simple, convenient, portable, inexpensive and safe means of operational and stepwise monitoring of the state of the body of athletes, which allows solving a number of problems: to assess the optimal parameters of body composition depending on sports qualifications; to control the state of the individual level of preparedness, evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures, and also observe the peculiarities of changes in their body during the ovarian-menstrual cycle. Key words: individualization, training process, athletes, bioimpedance analysis, body composition, ovarianmenstrual cycle, OMC phases.

scholarly journals The role and place of bioimpedance analysis assessment of body composition of children and adolescents with different body mass

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. V. Girsh ◽  
O. A. Gerasimchik
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis

The steady rise of obesity in children and adolescents emphasizes the need for new, integrated approaches to its diagnosis and therapy. When diagnosing obesity and choosing methods for its correction, it is fundamentally important to use reliable methods of estimating the amount of adipose tissue. Using the body mass index is not always sufficient, since it does not provide complete information on quantitative content in the body weight of the patient’s body. For these purposes in clinical medicine use of bioimpedance analysis to assess the indicators, which characterize the basal metabolism, active cell mass, fat and basirova mass and total water content in the body. However, the holding of bioimpedance body composition analysis is currently limited mainly to dietetics and sports medicine, and adult patients. Quite interesting is the use of the bioimpedance method in the pediatric age group for accurate evaluation of body composition of children of various ages and body weight that will allow for dynamic control of all types of metabolism to evaluate the effectiveness of the observation and treatment of patients with overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Body Composition and Leptin/Ghrelin Levels during Lenvatinib for Thyroid Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone De Leo ◽  
Carla Colombo ◽  
Marta Di Stefano ◽  
Antonella Dubini ◽  
Silvia Cozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Total Body

Weight loss is one of the most frequent adverse events during treatment with multikinase inhibitors, but scanty data are available on its extent and characteristics. This is the first assessment of the body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis and of circulating leptin and ghrelin levels, in patients with advanced thyroid cancer before and at regular intervals during treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib. Body mass index (BMI) decreased in all patients, with an average ∆ reduction of –6.4, –9.8, and –15.3% at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment, respectively. Interestingly, in most patients, after the first year of treatment, BMI remained stable. In all patients, fat mass (FM) reduced more than fat-free mass, the highest decrement being of –60 and –16%, respectively. A decrease in the body cell mass, a parameter mainly due to muscle tissue, was observed only in patients with a vast baseline muscular mass. Total body water decreased in parallel to BMI. During treatment, leptin tightly paralleled the decrease of BMI values, consistent with the decrease in FM, whereas ghrelin levels increased upon BMI decrease. The loss of the FM accounts for the largest portion of BMI reduction during lenvatinib treatment. The increase in ghrelin could account for the BMI stabilization observed after 1 year of treatment. Nevertheless, oral nutritional supplements should be given as early as possible and athletic patients should be encouraged to maintain physical activity. In some circumstances, parenteral nutrition is required for the rehabilitation of these patients.

scholarly journals Body Composition and Bioelectrical-Impedance-Analysis-Derived Raw Variables in Pole Dancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12638
Author(s):  
Giada Ballarin ◽  
Luca Scalfi ◽  
Fabiana Monfrecola ◽  
Paola Alicante ◽  
Alessandro Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fat Percentage

Few data are available on the body composition of pole dancers. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method that is used to estimate fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), while raw BIA variables, such as the impedance ratio (IR) and phase angle (PhA), are markers of body cell mass and the ratio between extracellular and total body water. The aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition of pole dancers compared to controls, in particular, those raw BIA variables that are considered as markers of muscle composition. Forty female pole dancers and 59 controls participated in the study. BIA was performed on the whole body and upper and lower limbs, separately, at 5, 50, 100 and 250 kHz. The FFM, FFM index, FM and body fat percentage (BF%) were predicted. The bioelectrical impedance indexes IR and PhA were also considered. Pole dancers exhibited higher FFMI and BI indexes and lower BF%. PhA was greater and IRs were smaller in pole dancers than in controls for the whole body and upper limbs. Considering the training level, FFM, whole-body IR and PhA were higher in the professionals than non-professionals. Raw BIA variables significantly differed between the pole dancers and controls, suggesting a higher BCM; furthermore, practicing pole dancing was associated with a greater FFM and lower FM.

VALEOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF TRAINING PROCESS OF YOUNG GYMNASTS IN SUMMER PERIOD

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
ROMAN Y. POPOV ◽  
OLGA S. TERENTYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
School Year

The study analyzed the problem of monitoring and promoting the health of a young generation of children engaged in difficult coordination sports. The aim of the study was to define and structure recreational activities in summer for 7-11 years old children engaged in gymnastics in the conditions of a specialized youth sports school. The tasks of the study included the following: medical and pedagogical diagnosis of the state of health of children at the end of the school year; Identification of a system of preventive and health measures implemented in the conditions of the day camp, as well as in the summer health camp; comprehensive medical and pedagogical diagnosis of the state of health of children for the period of the beginning of the school year (medical examination in a sports dispensary, instrumental diagnosis of body composition, ratio and proportions of muscle mass and fat layer in various segments). We analyzed the results of the medical examination at the beginning of the school year. We presented and justified structural components of valeological support of training process of young gymnasts in summer period. We carried out diagnostic studies of young gymnasts using the apparatus InBody 270, which determine the body composition: the ratio of muscle mass and fat layer, their segmental distribution and deviations. We drew attention to the periodicity of test studies necessary for a comprehensive assessment of the health of young athletes.

scholarly journals Low serum TSH levels are associated with low values of fat-free mass and body cell mass in the elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Marcello R. P. Markus ◽  
Martin Bahls ◽  
Stephan B. Felix ◽  
Antje Steveling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Independent Population ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

AbstractPrevious studies on the association between thyroid function and body composition are conflicting and showed strong differences across age groups. Our aim was to clarify age-specific associations of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with markers of body composition including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and body cell mass (BCM). We used data from two independent population-based cohorts within the framework of the Study of Health in Pomerania. The study population included 5656 individuals aged 20 to 90 years. Markers of body composition were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum TSH levels were significantly positively associated with BMI (β = 0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06 to 0.27), waist circumference (β = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.62) and FM (β = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.52), but not with FFM and BCM. Interaction analysis revealed positive associations of serum TSH levels with BMI, waist circumference, FM, FFM and BCM in individuals older than 60 years, while no such associations were observed in younger individuals. We demonstrated that lower serum TSH levels were accompanied with lower values of BMI, waist circumference, FM, FFM, and BCM in the elderly, while no such associations were observed in younger individuals.

Body Composition Modifications Due to the “Search, Rescue and Survival Training” in Male Military Firefighter Cadets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Ramos de Barros ◽  
Verônica Pinto Salerno ◽  
Thalita Ponce ◽  
Míriam Raquel Meira Mainenti
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Fat Percentage

ABSTRACT Introduction To train and prepare cadets for a career as firefighters in Rio de Janeiro, the second-year students of the Officers Training Course are submitted to a Search, Rescue, and Survival Training (SRST) course, which is characterized by long periods of high physical exertion and sleep restriction during a 9-day instruction module, and food restriction during a 7-day survival module. The present study investigated changes in the body composition of 39 male cadets submitted to SRST during training and 4 weeks of recovery with no restrictions in food consumption. Materials and Methods Each cadet was evaluated by anthropometric measurements at six time points: pre-SRST; after the first module; after the second module; and after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of recovery. Measurements included body girths and skinfolds, to estimate trunk (chest and waist) and limbs (arm and thigh) dimensions, as well as body composition. Repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman test were applied (depending on each data distribution). Results Statistically significant decreases in body weight (76.2; 69.8-87.2 to 63.9; 58.9-73.5 kg) and fat free mass (FFM, 69.2; 63.7-77.2 to 60.1; 56.2-68.0 kg) were observed following the second module of SRST. Following a single week of recovery, the FFM returned to pre-SRST values. Body weight returned to pre-training levels in 2 weeks. Body fat percentage and mass also significantly decreased during SRST (9.0; 7.7-12.3 to 6.5; 5.1-9.3% and 6.9; 5.6-10.0 to 6.9; 5.6-10.0 kg, respectively), which showed a slower and more gradual recovery that reached pre-SRST values after 4 weeks. The girths of arm, thigh, chest and waist significantly decreased due to SRST. The girths of the limbs (arm and thigh) returned to pre-training values after one month of recovery, while the girths of the trunk (chest and waist) did not return to pre-SRST values during the study period. Conclusions The findings suggest that men who experience periods of high energy demands and sleep restriction followed by a period of food restriction will endure unavoidable physical consequences that can be mostly reversed by a 1-month recovery.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition by Sport-Position in NCAA Division I Basketball Athletes

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Fields ◽  
Justin Merrigan ◽  
Jason White ◽  
Margaret Jones
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Within Subjects

The purpose of this study was to assess the body composition of male and female basketball athletes (n = 323) across season, year, and sport-position using air displacement plethysmography. An independent sample t-test assessed sport-position differences. An analysis of variance was used to assess within-subjects across season (pre-season, in-season, and off-season), and academic year (freshman, sophomore, and junior). For both men and women basketball (MBB, WBB) athletes, guards had the lowest body fat, fat mass, fat free mass, and body mass. No seasonal differences were observed in MBB, but following in-season play for WBB, a reduction of (p = 0.03) in fat free mass (FFM) was observed. Across years, MBB showed an increase in FFM from freshman to sophomore year, yet remained unchanged through junior year. For WBB across years, no differences occurred for body mass (BM), body fat (BF%), and fat mass (FM), yet FFM increased from sophomore to junior year (p = 0.009). Sport-position differences exist in MBB and WBB: Guards were found to be smaller and leaner than forwards. Due to the importance of body composition (BC) on athletic performance, along with seasonal and longitudinal shifts in BC, strength and conditioning practitioners should periodically assess athletes BC to ensure preservation of FFM. Training and nutrition programming can then be adjusted in response to changes in BC.

scholarly journals Worms, worms, everywhere, and not a one to see: The connotative role of worms in Shakespeare’s canon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christine Reid
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Constructs ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
The Individual

The study of animals in Shakespeare’s collected works has expanded over the last 30 years. While a number of different animals have been discussed, the importance of the worm in the larger scope of the canon has largely been ignored. By focusing on the perception and presentation of worms in relation to cultural ideas of death, corruption, and consumption, ideas surrounding the body and soul are brought to the forefront. Worms are integral to our understanding of the Early Modern cultural constructs of the body and soul as the presence of worms reveals the state of the individual or the broader environment. Overall, the depiction of worms in Shakespeare’s works serves as a way to understand the metaphysical processes surrounding death and corruption.

scholarly journals Follow-up of GK rats during prediabetes highlights increased insulin action and fat deposition despite low insulin secretion

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. E168-E175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamileh Movassat ◽  
Danièle Bailbé ◽  
Cécile Lubrano-Berthelier ◽  
Françoise Picarel-Blanchot ◽  
Eric Bertin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Gk Rats

The adult Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat is characterized by impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo and in vitro, decreased β-cell mass, decreased insulin sensitivity in the liver, and moderate insulin resistance in muscles and adipose tissue. GK rats do not exhibit basal hyperglycemia during the first 3 wk after birth and therefore could be considered prediabetic during this period. Our aim was to identify the initial pathophysiological changes occurring during the prediabetes period in this model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). To address this, we investigated β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and body composition in normoglycemic prediabetic GK rats. Our results revealed that the in vivo secretory response of GK β-cells to glucose is markedly reduced and the whole body insulin sensitivity is increased in the prediabetic GK rats in vivo. Moreover, the body composition of suckling GK rats is altered compared with age-matched Wistar rats, with an increase of the number of adipocytes before weaning despite a decreased body weight and lean mass in the GK rats. None of these changes appeared to be due to the postnatal nutritional environment of GK pups as demonstrated by cross-fostering GK pups with nondiabetic Wistar dams. In conclusion, in the GK model of T2DM, β-cell dysfunction associated with increased insulin sensitivity and the alteration of body composition are proximal events that might contribute to the establishment of overt diabetes in adult GK rats.

Association Between Body Composition with Pulmonary Function Tests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Pouragha ◽  
Hosein Kazemi ◽  
Gholamreza Pouryaghoub ◽  
Ramin Mehrdad
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Why is bodyweight not a predictor of lung function, however, height, sex, race, and age are predictors of lung capacity and function. In this study, we want to investigate the association between body composition and pulmonary function. And as much as possible, answer the question of why bodyweight is not predictive of lung function.Method: This cross-sectional study was performed among 2967 employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) who participated in the TUMS Employees Cohort (TEC) study. The body composition of the participants was measured using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method. Anthropometric variables were also measured as a confounder. The pulmonary function of participants was assessed by a forced spirometry test.Results: The correlation of BIA values including fat-free mass and total body water with a pulmonary function such as FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 is higher than most anthropometric values such as weight, wrist circumference, and the waist to hip ratio. Also, in regression analysis, age and sex had an association with pulmonary function, but the weight did not show a significant relationship. On the other hand, fat-free mass and visceral fat were significantly associated with pulmonary function. One is direct and the other is inverse.Conclusion: The hypothesis that the results of this study created in the minds of the authors were that; The direct association of fat-free mass with pulmonary function may be ineffective by the inverse association of visceral fat with pulmonary function, leading to a lack of association between weight and pulmonary function.

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