scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF ZIEHL-NEELSEN & CBNAAT TECHNIQUES IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS, A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JHALAWAR, RAJASTHAN.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpi Hora ◽  
Neeraj Raman ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Needa Saneef
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hands On ◽  
High Incidence

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide. The advent of the CBNAAT was a revolution in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially with high incidence and resource poor regions. It can be used close to the point of care by operators with minimal technical expertise, enabling diagnosis of TB and rifampicin Resistance (RIF) concurrently using unprocessed clinical specimens, in less than 2h. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic performances of Ziehl-Neelsen & CBNAAT techniques in detection of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the 2414 sputum samples of suspected pulmonary TB. Sputum samples were subjected for ZN staining and CBNAAT.RIF resistance was detected by CBNAAT. Results: Out of 2414 samples, 751 sputum samples were positive by smear microscopy. 1127 Samples were confirmed positive by CBNAAT examination. Majority of cases, 43.57% were in 21-40 yrs age group.24.40% were females and 75.59% were males. Sensitivity of CBNAAT was 100% for sputum positive cases and sensitivity was 22.6% for sputum negative cases. Overall RIF resistance was detected in 49 (4.4%) cases in present study. Conclusion: CBNAAT provide sensitive detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance directly from untreated sputum in less than 2 hours with minimal hands-on time. Keywords: Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification tests (CBNAAT), Rifampicin(RIF)

Correlation of COVID-19 antigen test and CBNAAT results at a single tertiary care hospital in North India: an experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2427
Author(s):  
Surbhi Gupta ◽  
Anju Shukla ◽  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Areena H. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Discordant Group ◽  
Antigen Tests

Background: Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) is considered gold standard in the molecular diagnosis of CoV-2 infection but since it is costly, labor intensive and needs technical expertise, rapid chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of specific antigens to SARS CoV-2 have been devised. Objectives of this study was to compare the results of Antigen test and NAAT for CoV-2 infection carried out during the months of July and August 2020 by single tertiary care hospital in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh and to determine the utility of rapid antigen test in the SARS CoV-2 diagnosis.Methods: All the patients who came to our hospital seeking admission during July 2020 and August 2020 were included in the study. A total of 1000 patients were included in this study.Results: Out of a total 1000 cases which were included in the study, 769 cases (76.9%) were found to be SARS CoV-2 negative by both antigen and CBNAAT, 100 cases (10.0%) were SARS CoV-2 positive by both antigen and CBNAAT tests. But in 131 cases (13.1%), antigen was not able to pick up the disease. It was also found that the Cycle Threshold (Ct) value for the discordant group was higher (Mean E= 28, Mean N2=33) when compared to the group where antigen was positive.Conclusions: The present study establishes the role of rapid antigen tests in contributing to the quick, point of care diagnosis of SARS CoV-2. These assays are safe, simple, and fast and can be used in local clinics and hospitals. These tests are very important for real-time patient management and infection control decision.

scholarly journals Isolation of non-tuberculous mycobacteria among tuberculosis patients, a study from a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asifa Karamat ◽  
Atiqa Ambreen ◽  
Aamira Ishtiaq ◽  
Sabira Tahseen ◽  
Muhammad Aqeelur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background There is scarce knowledge on the prevalence of diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Pakistan. In the absence of culture and identification, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) causing NTM disease are liable to be misinterpreted as tuberculosis (TB). Introduction of nucleic acid amplification testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) offers improved diagnostic accuracy, compared with smear microscopy, and also assists in differentiating MTBC from other mycobacteria. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NTM among patients investigated for TB and describe NTM disease and treatment outcomes at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Methods This is a retrospective study, data on NTM isolates among culture-positive clinical samples over 4 years (2016–19) was retrieved from laboratory records. Information on clinical specimens processed, AFB smear results, and for the AFB positive isolates, results of species identification for MTBC, and for NTM isolates, results of species characterization and drug susceptibility testing was collected. Additional clinical data including patient characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes were collected for patients with NTM disease treated at Gulab Devi Hospital, Lahore. Results During the study period, 12,561 clinical specimens were processed for mycobacterial culture and 3673 (29%) were reported positive for AFB. Among these 3482 (95%) were identified as MTBC and 191 (5%) as NTM. Among NTM, 169 (88%) were isolated from pulmonary and 22 (12%) from extrapulmonary specimens. Results of NTM speciation were available for 60 isolates and included 55% (n = 33) M. avium complex and 25% (n = 15) M. abscesses. Among these patients, complete clinical records were retrieved for 12 patients with pulmonary disease including nine infected with M. avium complex and three with M. abscessus. All 12 patients had a history of poor response to standard first-line anti-TB treatment. Ten patients were cured after 18 months of treatment, whereas, one with M. abscessus infection died and another was lost to follow up. Conclusion In TB endemic areas, NTM can be misdiagnosed as pulmonary TB leading to repeated failed anti-TB treatment and increased morbidity, emphasizing the need for improved diagnosis.

scholarly journals Concordance of two sputum smear microscopy for diagnosis of presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2686
Author(s):  
Star Pala ◽  
Kyrshan G. Lynrah
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽  
Tuberculosis Case

Background: Under revised National tuberculosis control program two sputum samples are to be collected for diagnosis of presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis case. The objective of this study is to find the concordance of both sputum smear microscopy samples at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Hospital based record was collected from designated microscopy center laboratory register. The data collected were from January 2015 to November 2016. Results: A total of 2117 paired of sputum sample were collected for the year 2015-16 in one of the DMC of a tertiary care hospital. A total of 183 patient (at least one sputum sample) were positive (8.64%) and 1934 were both negative. Among the positive sample concordance for both spot and morning samples were 89% (163/183) and discordance where spot sample positive and morning sample negative was 4.91% (9/183) and where spot sample negative and morning sample positive was 6.01% (11/183). Overall discordance between spot and morning samples were only 0.94% (20/2117). Conclusions: There is a good concordance of two sputum samples. Discordance of two sputum samples were <1% in a tertiary care hospital. One sample may be sufficient for operational purpose for diagnosis of pulmonary Tb. But to have a robust recommendation a RCT will be required to see the extent of discordance by ruling out bias in sputum smear examination.  

A Study on Recurrence Rate of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Hamna Javed ◽  
Haider Zaigham Baqai ◽  
Saadia Khan Baloch
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Chest Clinic

ABSTRACT: Objective:           To determine the prevalence of the recurrence rate of Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in successfully treated patients in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Methodology:           This cross-sectional study was conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. The study duration was from 01-January-2019 to 01-August-2020. During the study period, a total number of ten thousand nine hundred ninety-seven (10997) patients presented in the chest clinic of the hospital and were included in this study, these patients were re-treatment TB patients and presented with the first-time diagnosis of TB. The recurrence rate was the primary end-point of this study. Results: There were 10997 patients included in this study, out of these 642 (5.83%) patients presented with recurrence. Out of a total of 642 recurrence cases, 533 (83%) patients were SS positive, and the remaining 109 (17%) were SS negative. Out of 642, 341 (53.1%) patients were male and 301 (46.9%) patients were female. Regarding age, most of the patients were in the age group 16-30 (49%), 93 (23%) were in the age group 31-45 years. Regarding the timing of recurrence, 372 (58%) patients presented with in one year, 109 (17%) presented in 12-24 months, 52 (8%) presented in 24-36 months. Conclusion:           Based on our study, the recurrence rate of pulmonary TB was 5.83% in the Pakistani population. The recurrence rate is high in patients having age 15-45 years and recurrence occurs in 58% of patients within first year after successful treatment of Pulmonary TB.

scholarly journals Profile and outcome of childhood tuberculosis treated with DOTS at a tertiary care hospital in central India: an observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Anjali Bharani ◽  
Mohini Harshey ◽  
Swati Raipurkar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: Children contribute a significant proportion of the tuberculosis (TB) burden in India and suffer severe TB related morbidity and mortality, particularly in endemic areas. Diagnosis and management of pediatric TB especially Extra pulmonary (EPTB) is challenging. The present study was designed to study clinical, laboratory characteristics and outcome of childhood tuberculosis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 90 cases of TB in children within 2 year period was conducted at Pediatric Department and DOTS center at a tertiary care hospital from January 2015 to December 2016.Results: In the present study 20% of the total TB patients attending DOTS OPD were Children. Most common symptoms were Fever (53.3 %), Cough (46.6%), abdominal pain (18.8%), lymphadenopathy (13.3%), osteo-articular symptoms (13.3%), weight loss (10%), CNS related complaints like convulsions and unconsciousness (6.6%). History of contact was present in 10 cases (11%). Sputum examination was positive in 9 cases (10%) who were predominantly older children above 12 years. Mantoux test was positive in 9 cases (10%). Only one patient was HIV positive.  Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients were more common than pulmonary. 47 out of the 90 cases (52%) were receiving DOTS for EPTB. Out of the 90 cases 84 (93.3%) were on New Category 1 treatment and 6 (6.6%) were on Cat 2 treatment. Out of the total 90 cases 3 defaulted, 3 died, rest completed treatment with good compliance and no side-effects and were declared cured.Conclusions: In present study, it was found that extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients are more common than pulmonary tuberculosis in pediatric age group. Sputum positivity yield is very low in pediatric age group. Success of treatment with DOTS is good (94.4%). No adverse effects of ATT were observed.

scholarly journals Pattern of extra pulmonary tuberculosis among urban population with special reference to CBNAAT as a diagnostic tool: a retrospective study at a tertiary care hospital of Odisha, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3375
Author(s):  
C. Mohan Rao ◽  
Bhaskar Thakur ◽  
Saswat Subhankar ◽  
D. P. Dash
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: Diagnosis of Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) is a challenge. Authors wanted to assess the sites of extra-pulmonary involvement during 2013-2017 in a tertiary care hospital cum medical college. Authors also wanted to evaluate the role of Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) in diagnosis of EPTB and compare its efficacy with AFB Culture.Methods: Total 470 EPTB cases diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 from 840 TB treatment records maintained in designated microscopy centre. Specific samples from appropriate sites were taken up for smear for AFB, CBNAAT and AFB culture.Results: There was incremental detection and registration in both TB and EPTB cases from 96 and 50 cases in 2013 to 246 and 150 cases in 2017 respectively. Among the total 470 EPTB cases in 2013-2017 (55.9%), lymph node followed by pleura and abdomen were the organs having maximum involvement. Bone involvement was more witnessed in adult male than children (p <0.05). There was male preponderance. CBNAAT results were 100 % sensitive and 87.5% specific. Lymph node samples and pus elsewhere in the body had much better diagnostic yield than serous effusions.Conclusions: Awareness and availability of diagnostic services in tertiary care institutions has lead to increased reporting of EPTB under RNTCP services. CBNAAT can be also be utilized as a point of care testing for lymph node aspirate and pus specimen.

A Study on prescribing pattern of drugs in orthopaedic in-patient department at a tertiary care hospital in Guntur region

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Anjani Teja Ch ◽  
Ramesh babu K ◽  
Leela subramanyam S ◽  
Janani Y ◽  
Eswar Sai Kiran K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Prescribing Indicators ◽  
Bed Days

The descriptive observational study was conducted over six months among inpatients of the orthopaedics department. The aim is to observe the prescribing pattern of drugs, to find out the percentage of analgesics given and most commonly prescribed analgesic, to compare the prescribed drugs whether they are in NLEM, WHO list and calculate DDD/100 Bed-days and to analyze the drugs for WHO prescribing drugs. A total of 250 patients were included in the study. Out of this, 168 were male, and 82 were female. Most of the patients were in the age group of 31-40[45 in number with 18%]. The most common condition was found to fracture [113 in number with 95.2%]. Commonly prescribed drugs were analgesics 447 with 26.76%. Among all the NSAID's, PCM was most commonly prescribed analgesic with 34.4%. The highest no, of drugs was found to be 4drugs/prescription with 24%. Monthly one analgesic was prescribed per prescription with 38.8%. Utilization of analgesics in term of DDD/100 Bed-days was 55.26; Drugs will be evaluated per prescription as per prescribing indicators of WHO was done, the average no. of drugs per prescription was found to be 0.45, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was found to be 13.3%, percentage of encounters with antibiotics prescribed were found to be 94.4%, In ratio percentage of drugs prescribed from the national list of essential medicine was found to be 92.6%. This study would help to facilitate better health care delivery.

First and second wave of COVID-19: A comparative study of tertiary care hospitalized patients in Jalgaon, Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Yogita G Bavaskar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Second Wave

Background: Most of the countries including India have witnessed two or more waves of Covid 19 pandemic. The present study was conducted to compare the differences in clinico-demographic characteristics and outcomes of Covid 19 patients admitted in first and second wave of Covid 19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital at Jalgaon, Maharashtra. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care Dedicated Covid hospital for Covid 19 at Jalgaon, Maharashtra. All microbiologically proven corona positive patients were included in the study. The demographic records and clinical history was extracted from the case history sheets of the patients from first as well as second wave using standardized data collection form. Clinical outcome of the patients, i.e., development of complications, death or discharge was also recorded for each enrolled subject. Results: 3845 patients of Covid-19 admitted in the hospital during the first wave of epidemic and 2956 patients during second wave of the epidemic were included in the study. The mean age of patients admitted in the second wave was significantly lower as compared to first [48.77(15.31) years vs 50.23 (14.33) years, P<0.005]. There is increase in proportion of patients in the age group of < 15 years in second wave as compared to first wave (74/2956, 2.5% vs 52/3845, 1.3%). The number of patients requiring admission in ICU at the time of admission increased by 13% in second wave as compared to first wave. [827/2956 (28%) vs 577/3845(15%), P<0.0001]. More than half of the patients who got admitted for Covid 19 in first as well as second wave were having one or more comorbidities.But the proportion of the patients with previous co-morbities was significantly higher in second wave (1684/2956, 57% vs 1960/ 3845, 51%, P= 0.0004). The mortality was also higher in second wave (533/2956, 18.03% vs 541/3845, 14%, P=0.0004). Conclusions: The demographic, clinical characteristics and outcome of Covid 19 patients was different in first and second wave of pandemic with involvement of younger patients, increased rates of admission to ICU and more mortality in the second wave as compared to first wave of the pandemic.

A CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON PAEDERUS DERMATITIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, CHENNAI

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
P. Mohan ◽  
P. Revathi Guru ◽  
V. Sudha ◽  
L. Balamurugan ◽  
Pavithra Gunasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Linear Lesions ◽  
Paederus Dermatitis

Paederus dermatitis is a form of irritant contact dermatitis due to contact with certain insects of the genus Paederus presenting with mostly erythematous linear lesions of sudden onset on exposed parts of the body. To study the clinico epi Aim: demiological features in patients with Paederus dermatitis. A retrospective analysis of clinicoepidemiological Materials & Methods: features of patients affected with Paederus dermatitis who had attended the Dermatology OPD, in a tertiary care hospital between January 2018 to December 2019 was done. All the required data had been collected from the OPD records and details were tabulated and analysed. A total of 56 patients had been affected with Result: Paederus dermatitis during the study period, of which 32 were males and 24 were females. 41out of 56 (73.21%) of patients presented between the months of August and December. Most common age group affected were between 11 to 30 yrs, with front and back of neck being the most common affected sites. In 42 out of the 56 patients the lesions resolved with post inammatory hyperpigmentation. Conclusion: Paederus dermatitis is a common condition that is often misdiagnosed and hence awareness is required for the clinicians and the general public to prevent it.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document