scholarly journals Assessing the Association Between Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Extract and Serum Lipid Profile and Leptin Receptor Expression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forogh Zakernezhad ◽  
◽  
Mahmood Barati ◽  
Nima Sanadgol ◽  
Monireh Movahedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Health

Introduction:Obesity is one of the most serious challenges of our era, with significant health consequences and high economic burden for health systems. Therefore, many countries have developed political agendas to cope with this ever-rising challenge. Along with chemical medications that are developed to manage obesity, researchers have focused on some natural ingredients and herbal extracts which are proved to be effective in reducing weight. The current study aimed to investigate the association between Foeniculum vulgar (fennel) extracts and body weight, lipid profile, and leptin. Methods: 35 adult male BALB/c mice were investigated, in sham, fennel 50 mg/kg, fennel 100 mg/kg, and fennel 200 mg/kg (n=7) groups. Mice were administered fennel extracts for fourteen days, while weighted at the beginning and the end of the intervention. Then, their weight, lipid profile, serum leptin, and expression of leptin protein in the hypothalamus were measured. Results: After providing the intervention, leptin receptor protein expression was increased in all groups, while serum leptin didn’t change significantly. Moreover, a significant decrease was observed in the cholesterol in the dose of 100 mg/kg/day, triglycerides in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day, and LDL in doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day. Serum HDL was increased significantly in a dose of 100 mg/kg/day. Conclusion: Fennel extract can decrease the lipid profile by changing the expression of the leptin receptor.

High-Carbohydrate/Low-Fat Diet-Induced Gender-Specific Serum Lipid Profile Changes Are Associated with LEPR Polymorphisms in Chinese Youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Tang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
ZhengKe Li ◽  
Jia Lin ◽  
Ding Zhi Fang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Profile Changes

Background/Aims: The study aimed to investigate the interactions of genetic variants in the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene with lipid profile changes following a high-carbohydrate/low-fat (HC/LF) diet in a Chinese Han population. Methods: Fifty-six healthy young subjects were given washout diets, followed by HC/LF diets consisting of 15% fat and 70% carbohydrate for 6 days. Serum lipid profiles and insulin levels before and after HC/LF diets were analyzed. Results: Statistically elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-I), and insulin levels were only observed in the GG genotype of LEPR Lys109Arg but not in the A carriers after HC/LF diet. When gender was taken into account, significantly increased HDL-C, apoA-I, and insulin levels were found in women with the GG genotype. Moreover, lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and higher insulin levels were only observed in subjects with the GG genotype of LEPR Gln223Arg, while higher HDL-C and apoA-I were only found in the A allele carriers. Additionally, the lower LDL-C and body mass index (BMI), and higher HDL-C and insulin levels were only observed in subjects with the GG genotype of LEPR Lys656Asn. Conclusions:LEPR polymorphisms contribute to the heterogeneities in BMI, LDL-C, and HDL-C responsiveness that are induced by a HC/LF diet in healthy young Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Provitamin A Cassava Hydrolysate with Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gg Improves Serum Lipid Profile in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 445-445
Author(s):  
Modupeola Oguntoye ◽  
Olufunke Ezekiel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg

Abstract Objectives There is considerable interest in the development of high quality food products and dietary supplements that help in weight management. Drug intervention could have a negative side effect. Consumption of probiotics such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG cells through food products could offer a positive approach to weight management. Thus, probiotic beverages could serve as a healthy alternative in weight management. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of probiotic beverage such as provitamin A cassava hydrolysate carrying Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in weight management. Methods Provitamin A cassava hydrolysate was inoculated with free (PHF) or alginate-encapsulated (PHE) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) cells in doses 1, 2 or 4 × 1010 CFU/ml, and administered orally to adult Wistar rats (120–150 g, n = 40 males, 8 groups). All rats were dosed orally once daily for 4 weeks, recording weekly body weight changes as percentage change, and compared against Control (distilled water). Serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein) were determined after sacrificing the rats. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. Results The body weight gain in control rats was significantly higher (α0.05) by the end of the 4th week (40.00%) than PHF or PHE groups at doses 1, 2 or 4 × 1010 CFU/ml (34.59, 24.38 and 8.04%, or 30.34, 23.49 and 18.24% respectively) which reduced with increasing doses. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein were higher in control rats (65.40, 56.60 and 29.48 mg/dL respectively) than in PHF or PHE groups at dose 4 × 1010 CFU/ml (54.60, 44.40 and 27.48 mg/dL, and 62.40, 46.60 and 23.12 mg/dL respectively). Conclusions Provitamin A cassava hydrolysate with L. rhamnosus GG was able to induce a transient weight reduction in rats, owing to its potential in reducing serum cholesterol and exerting anti-obesity effect. Thus it could be consumed as a beverage targeting weight management. Funding Sources Self.

scholarly journals Caloric restriction reverses the deficits in leptin receptor protein and leptin signaling capacity associated with diet-induced obesity: role of leptin in the regulation of hypothalamic long-form leptin receptor expression

2004 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Wilsey ◽  
PJ Scarpace
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Leptin Signaling ◽  
Stat3 Phosphorylation ◽  
Long Form

The objectives of this study were to determine if reduced long-form leptin receptor (ObRb) expression in diet-induced obese (DIO) animals is associated with deficits in maximal leptin signaling and, secondly, to establish the effects of short-term caloric restriction (CR) on ObRb expression and function. Groups of DIO and life-long chow-fed (CHOW) F344xBN male rats, aged 6 months, were given an i.c.v. injection containing 2 micro g leptin or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) vehicle. Leptin induced a >6-fold increase in STAT3 phosphorylation in CHOW rats, but less than 2-fold increase in DIO. Reduced maximal leptin-stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation in DIO rats was coupled with a decline in both ObRb expression and protein. At this point, subgroups of DIO and CHOW animals underwent CR for 30 days and were then tested for acute leptin responsiveness. CR resulted in a 45 and 85% increase respectively in leptin-stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation in CHOW and DIO animals. Similarly, CR increased ObRb expression and protein in both CHOW and DIO animals. To explore the role of leptin in regulating ObRb expression, we reversibly overexpressed leptin in the hypothalamus and found that ObRb mRNA inversely follows central leptin expression. By enhancing both ObRb expression and signaling capacity, CR may enhance leptin responsiveness in leptin-resistant DIO animals.

scholarly journals Leptin and Leptin Receptor Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Human Pituitary: Evidence of a Regulatory Role for Leptin on Pituitary Cell Proliferation1

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 2903-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Jin ◽  
Bartolome G. Burguera ◽  
Marta E. Couce ◽  
Bernd W. Scheithauer ◽  
Jesse Lamsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Pituitary Cell ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cell ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells

Leptin is a circulating hormone secreted by adipose and a few other tissues. The leptin receptor consists of a single transmembrane-spanning polypeptide that is present as a long physiologically important form as well as in several short isoforms. Recent studies have suggested that the anterior pituitary may have a role in the regulatory effects of leptin in animal models. To test this possibility in human pituitaries, we examined the expression of leptin and OB-R in normal and neoplastic pituitaries, and the possible functions of leptin in the pituitary were also analyzed. Leptin was present in 20–25% of anterior pituitary cells and was expressed in most normal anterior pituitary cells, including ACTH (70% of ACTH cells), GH (21%), FSH (33%), LH (29%), TSH (32%), and folliculo-stellate cells (64%), but was colocalized with very few PRL cells (3%), as detected by double labeling immunohistochemistry with two different antileptin antibodies. In addition, leptin expression was detected by RT-PCR in some pituitary tumors, including ACTH (three of four), GH (one of four), null cells (two of four), and gonadotroph (one of four) tumors as well as in normal pituitary. Immunohistochemical staining showed greater immunoreactivity for leptin in normal pituitaries compared to adenomas. Treatment of an immortalized cultured anterior pituitary cell line, HP75, with leptin stimulated pancreastatin secretion in vitro. Leptin also inhibited cell growth in the human HP75 and in the rat pituitary GH3 cell lines. Both long (OB-Rb) and common (OB-Ra) forms of the leptin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and leptin receptor protein were expressed in normal and neoplastic anterior pituitary cells. These findings show for the first time that leptin is expressed by most human anterior pituitary cell types and that there is decreased leptin protein immunoreactivity in pituitary adenomas compared to that in normal pituitary tissues. We also show that OB-Rb is widely expressed by normal and neoplastic anterior pituitary cells, implicating an autocrine/paracrine loop in the production and regulation of leptin in the pituitary.

scholarly journals Influence of the presence of OB-Re on leptin radioimmunoassay

2001 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Murakami ◽  
S Otani ◽  
T Honjoh ◽  
T Doi ◽  
K Shima
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Mouse Placenta ◽  
Pregnant State

Leptin, a hormone derived from adipose tissue, regulates energy homeostasis and body weight. In the mouse, serum leptin levels, when measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA), increase by a factor of more than 50 times during pregnancy, compared with those in the non-pregnant state. It is well known that mouse placenta produces the secretory isoform of the leptin receptor, OB-Re. In order to investigate the issue of whether serum leptin levels are actually increased during pregnancy or whether the increased OB-Re concentration plays a role in this phenomenon, serum leptin levels were determined by the immunoprecipitation of leptin using anti-leptin antibody, and were found to be increased only by about ten times during pregnancy. To investigate the influence of OB-Re on leptin measurement by the RIA procedure, serum leptin levels were measured by the RIA after the addition of OB-Re to the serum. The apparent values of leptin levels increased in parallel with the amount of OB-Re added to the serum. Leptin levels, as determined by the RIA, might therefore provide artificially high values when serum levels of the secretory form of OB-R are high, in cases, for example, such as the last period of pregnancy in mice.

Acute food deprivation and chronic food restriction differentially affect hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (5) ◽  
pp. R1030-R1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Bi ◽  
Benjamin M. Robinson ◽  
Timothy H. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Chronic Food Restriction

Although acute food deprivation and chronic food restriction both result in body weight loss, they produce different metabolic states. To evaluate how these two treatments affect hypothalamic peptide systems involved in energy homeostasis, we compared patterns of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related protein (AgRP), proopiomelanocotin (POMC), and leptin receptor gene expression in acutely food-deprived and chronically food-restricted rats. Both acute food deprivation and chronic food restriction reduced body weight and circulating leptin levels and resulted in increased arcuate NPY and decreased arcuate POMC gene expression. Arcuate AgRP mRNA levels were only elevated in acutely deprived rats. NPY gene expression was increased in the compact subregion of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) in response to chronic food restriction, but not in response to acute food deprivation. Leptin receptor expression was not affected by either treatment. Double in situ hybridization histochemistry revealed that, in contrast to the situation in the arcuate nucleus, NPY and leptin receptor mRNA-expressing neurons were not colocalized in the DMH. Together, these data suggest that arcuate and DMH NPY gene expression are differentially regulated. DMH NPY-expressing neurons do not appear to be under the direct control of leptin signaling.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document