Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Sperm Parameters in Men With Idiopathic Infertility

Background: Several studies have reported that cigarette smoking affects sperm parameters, especially semen quality, but their results are contradictory. Objective: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the relationship of sperm parameters with smoking in men with idiopathic infertility. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 1744 infertile men with at least one year of idiopathic infertility. They were divided into two groups of smokers (n=379) and non-smokers (n=1365) according to their smoking habits and based on their inclusion and exclusion criteria. The semen analysis was extracted from subjects’ medical records, and the collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 19 software. Results: Smoking significantly reduced semen volume in smokers (2.88±1.50 mL) compared to non-smokers (3.28±1.77 mL) (P=0.002). There was a significant decrease in sperm motility in smokers (36.1±21.9%) compared to non-smokers (34.4±19.6%) (P=0.009). However, the association of smoking with sperm motility between men with normal and abnormal semen volumes was not statistically significant, and there was no significant difference in sperm count and morphology between infertile smokers and non-smokers (P>0.05). Conclusion: Smoking causes a significant reduction in semen volume, but has no significant effect on sperm count, morphology, and motility in men with abnormal and normal semen volume.

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From Spermiogram to Bio-Functional Sperm Parameters: When and Why Request Them?

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9020406 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 406 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rosita A. Condorelli ◽

Aldo E. Calogero ◽

Giorgio I. Russo ◽

Sandro La Vignera

Keyword(s):

Normal Form ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Sperm Parameters ◽

Sperm Parameter ◽

Progressive Motility ◽

Semen Volume ◽

Chromatin Compactness

The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate whether infertile patients may benefit from the evaluation of bio-functional sperm parameters in addition to the conventional semen analysis. To accomplish this, we evaluated the correlation between conventional and bio-functional sperm parameters based on their percentile distribution in search of a potential threshold of these latter that associates with conventional sperm parameter abnormalities. The study was conducted on 577 unselected patients with infertility lasting at least 12 months. We identified cut-off values according to the median of the population for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), number of alive spermatozoa, and chromatin abnormality. High MMP (HMMP) (≥46.25%) was associated with sperm concentration, sperm count, progressive motility, and normal form. Low MMP (LMMP) (≥36.5%) was found to be associated with semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, progressive motility, total motility, and normal form. The number of alive spermatozoa (≥71.7%) was associated with sperm concentration and progressive motility whereas abnormal chromatin compactness (≥21.10%) was associated with sperm concentration, total sperm count, and progressive motility. The data would suggest that, for every increase in the percentile category of sperm concentration, the risk of finding an HMMP≤46.25 is reduced by 0.4 and by 0.66 for a total sperm count. This risk is also reduced by 0.60 for every increase in the percentile category of sperm progressive motility and by 0.71 for total sperm motility. Each increment of percentile category of the following sperm parameter was followed by a decrease in the risk of finding an LMMP≤36.5: sperm concentration 1.66, total sperm count 1.28, sperm progressive motility 1.27, total sperm motility 1.76, and normal form 1.73. Lastly, the data showed that, for every increase in the percentile category of total sperm count, the risk of finding an abnormal chromatin compactness ≤21.10 is reduced by 1.25 (1.04–1.51, p < 0.05) and an increase of total sperm motility is associated with a reduced risk by 1.44 (1.12–1.85, p < 0.05). Results suggest a correlation between bio-functional and conventional sperm parameters that impact the sperm fertilizing potential. Therefore, the evaluation of bio-functional sperm parameters by flow cytometry may be useful to explain some cases of idiopathic male infertility.

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Dietary Supplementation of Antioxidants Improves Semen Quality of IVF Patients in Terms of Motility, Sperm Count, and Nuclear Vacuolization

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000136 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (6) ◽

pp. 391-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Barbara Wirleitner ◽

Pierre Vanderzwalmen ◽

Astrid Stecher ◽

Dietmar Spitzer ◽

Maximilian Schuff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Sperm Parameters ◽

Class I ◽

Antioxidative Therapy

Background: This study aimed to investigate the influence of an oral antioxidative supplementation on sperm quality of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients, as analyzed by sperm motility according to the WHO criteria and motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME). Methods: Semen samples were collected from 147 patients before undergoing an IVF/intracytoplasmic morphologically-selected sperm injection (IMSI) cycle and 2 - 12 months after an antioxidative supplementation. Semen analysis was evaluated according to WHO and MSOME criteria. Spermatozoa were grouped according to the size of nuclear vacuoles within the sperms heads. Patients were divided into oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) and non-OAT men. Between first and second semen analysis, patients were supplemented orally with an antioxidative preparation. Results: After the antioxidative therapy we observed a significant reduction in the percentage of immotile sperm cells in the patients. Additionally, the percentage of class I spermatozoa according to MSOME criteria was significantly higher after antioxidative supplementation. In OAT patients the percentage of class I sperm was found to be increased, although not significantly. However, we observed a drastic improvement in sperm motility as well as in total sperm count in this group. Conclusion: The results demonstrated a considerable improvement in semen quality, notably in OAT patients. Considering the putative relationship between semen quality on the one hand and reactive oxygen species on the other, the observed changes in the sperm parameters indicate that a decline in semen quality, and even subtle morphological changes, might be associated with oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that an antioxidative and micronutrient supplementation has a remarkable benefit for IVF patients having restricted sperm parameters, in particular.

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Prevalence and Patterns of Male Infertility Based on Semen Analysis in Patients Visiting Massawa Hospital; Eritrea: Cross-Sectional Study; 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-401307/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Berhe Tesfai ◽

Fitsum Kibreab ◽

Hailemichael Gebremariam ◽

Liwam Abraham

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Male Factor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Semen Volume ◽

Primary Type ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Semen analysis is the first step to identify male factor infertility. World Health Organization estimates that male factor accounts for 50% of couple sub-fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of male factor infertility based on semen analysis in patients visiting Massawa Hospital with infertility complaints. Methods It was a retrospective, descriptive cross sectional hospital based type of study with a census sampling method. Patient’s medical records and hospital laboratory register were used to retrieve semen analysis results of patients from June 2018 to June 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health Research and Ethical Review Committee. Confidentiality of patients records kept was secured and consent was obtained from study participants to use their data. Results were presented in frequency, tables and p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 112 patients data was analyzed in the study with 49.1% were aged between 20 to 30 years. The prevalence of male factor infertility in these patients was found to be 42% and 79.5% of them had primary type of infertility. Of the study participants; 63 (56.3%), 72 (64.3%) and 70 (62.5%) had sperm count < 15 million sperms/ml, sperm motility < 40 % and morphology of < 60% respectively. One tenth, 15 (13.4%) of the patients had a semen volume of < 1.5ml/ejaculate, out of which 13(86.7%) had primary type of infertility. Moreover; 72 (64.3%) patients had total sperm count/ejaculate of < 39 million and 59 (82%) of these had primary type of infertility. In addition; 50.8% and 50% of patients aged 20 to 30 years had a sperm count < 15 million/ml and sperm motility of < 40% respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of male factor infertility was slightly higher and was dominated with primary infertility. Most patients had lower sperm count, sperm motility but higher semen volume, and majority of the patients with abnormal sperm results were aged between 20 to 30 years. Further prospective researches to determine the risk factors for male infertility and introducing assisted type of fertility in Eritrea are highly recommended.

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The influence of graded levels of Cyathula prostrata (Linn.) Blume on semen quality characteristics of adult New Zealand white bucks

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txaa060 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 1134-1139

Author(s):

Peter Kelechi Ajuogu ◽

Richard Ere ◽

Medubari B Nodu ◽

Chinwe Uchechi Nwachukwu ◽

Osaro O Mgbere

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Control Diet ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Animal Reproduction ◽

Semen Volume

Abstract Cyathula prostrata (Linn.) Blume is a tropical herbal plant known for its important phytochemical contents and medicinal properties. But its impact on animal reproduction and fertility is yet to be fully established. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume will improve the semen quality characteristics of New Zealand White buck rabbit. Twenty-eight post-pubertal buck rabbits were used for the study. The animals were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (n = 7 per treatment) where they were fed either the control diet—0 g C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume or any of the three experimental diets containing the graded levels of C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume incorporated into rabbit pellets at 10, 20 or 30 g C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume per kg feed. The results showed that the semen volume and pH were not different between groups. Interestingly, sperm motility significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, the sperm morphology also decreased in a dose-related fashion with 20 g (77.75 ± 1.31%) and 30 g (79.00 ± 2.20%) C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume being significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared with groups 0 g (88.50 ± 1.44%) and 10 g (87.50 ± 4.33%) C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume, respectively. In conclusion, the addition of C. prostrata (Linn.) Blume into the normal rabbit feeds had a positive effect on sperm count, but reduced sperm motility and morphology, and may be associated with spermatogenesis-related problems.

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Influence of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors on Semen Quality in Ghanaian Men

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/6908458 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Richard Michael Blay ◽

Abigail Duah Pinamang ◽

Augustine E. Sagoe ◽

Ewurama Dedea Ampadu Owusu ◽

Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Male Infertility ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Adult Males ◽

Lifestyle Habits

Introduction. Male infertility is known to contribute about half of all infertility cases. In Ghana, the prevalence of male infertility is higher (15.8%) than in females (11.8%). Sperm quality is associated with the likelihood of pregnancy and known to be the cause of male fertility problems 90% of the time. Exposure to certain environmental factors reduces semen quality in men. The study examined the effects of environmental and lifestyle factors on semen quality in Ghanaian men. Materials and Methods. This was a cross-sectional study involving 80 apparent healthy adult males in their reproductive age. Participants were males referred to the laboratory (Immunology Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital) for semen analysis test and/or culture and sensitivity. Participants were made to fill out a questionnaire which entailed selected environmental factors (accidents or trauma, exposure to chemicals, radiation, and heat) and lifestyle habits (including alcohol consumption, smoking, and whether participants sat more or less than 4 hours per day). Semen samples were then collected by masturbation into sterile containers and analysed in accordance with WHO guidance for semen analysis within 60 minutes after ejaculation and collection. Results. About 69% of participants had semen pH within the normal range compared to 15% whose pH were lower than 7.2. There was a significantly high number of immotile sperm cells ( p value = 0.017) in participants who sat for more than 4 hours as compared to those that sat for less than 4 hours in a day. Active sperm motility and viability showed significant increase ( p value = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively) in participants who kept their cell phones in their side pockets. Smoking produced a twofold decrease in sperm count as smokers had a significantly lower sperm count ( 12.28 ± 10.95 × 10 6 /ml) compared to the smoke-free ( 23.85 ± 22.14 × 10 6 /ml). For exposure to STDs, no significant differences were recorded among study groups concerning semen quality. Conclusion. Sperm quality in Ghanaian men is associated with lifestyle habits. Smoking and sitting for long hours influenced sperm motility and count, respectively. Knowledge of the factors that influence sperm quality in this geographical region can contribute to informed decisions on effective management of infertility in Ghanaian men.

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Improved sperm motility after 4 h of ejaculatory abstinence: role of accessory sex gland secretions

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd18135 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 1009

Author(s):

Dale Goss ◽

Bashir Ayad ◽

Gerhard van der Horst ◽

Bongekile Skosana ◽

Stefan S. du Plessis

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Sperm Analysis ◽

Semen Volume ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

Abstinence Period ◽

Ejaculatory Abstinence

Various studies have sought to determine the typical v. optimal abstinence period after which semen samples should be collected, with many contradictory results reported. Several factors influence the semen microenvironment, and thus sperm parameters. In this study we focused on the secretions of the prostate, seminal vesicles and the epididymis. Semen samples were obtained from healthy normozoospermic males (n=16) after 4-day and 4-h periods of ejaculatory abstinence, and standard semen analysis was performed using computer-aided sperm analysis, whereas seminal plasma citric acid, neutral α-glucosidase and fructose concentrations were measured using assay kits. There were significant decreases in total sperm count (P<0.001), sperm concentration (P<0.05) and semen volume (P<0.05) after 4h compared with 4 days ejaculatory abstinence. Furthermore, increases were observed in total sperm motility (P<0.05) and sperm progressive motility (P<0.01) after a 4-h abstinence period, accompanied by significant reductions in citric acid (P<0.05), α-glucosidase (P<0.01) and fructose (P<0.01) concentrations. In addition, due to the decreased number of spermatozoa, these concentrations translated to a significant decrease in fructose (P<0.05) per spermatozoon, indicating an intrinsic mechanism capitalising on alternative sources of energy for increased metabolic function and subsequent sperm motility.

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The Effect of Single and Triple Testicular Biopsy Using Biopty Gun on Spermatogenesis in Pubertal Rats

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061569 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1569

Author(s):

Tomislav Šušnjar ◽

Ivana Kuzmić Prusac ◽

Ivan Švagelj ◽

Anđela Jurišić ◽

Tomislav Šušnjar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Study Groups ◽

Testicular Biopsy ◽

Male Rats ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Left Testis ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The aim of this study was to compare consequences in single and triple testicular biopsy by biopty gun in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were used as the experimental model. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. The rats from the first group (n = 12) received a single-biopsy of upper pole of the left testis, while the rats from the second group (n = 10) received triple-biopsy of upper and lower poles and lateral surface of left testis. The third group (n = 10) was a control group. On the eightieth day after the biopsy in all rats bilateral orchiectomy and funiculectomy were performed to obtain testicular tissue and sperm for analysis. The consequences of the puncture were observed by pathohistology, immunohistochemistry and semen analysis. Results: The results of the study showed lower percentage of sperm count (14.5 mill/mL vs. 16 mill/mL, p = 0.130), sperm motility (24.6% vs. 32.7%, p > 0.05), abnormal sperm (30% vs. 27%, p > 0.05), atrophic tubules (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), volume (1.7 mL vs. 2.28 mL, p < 0.01) and apoptotic index (1.56 vs. 1.19, p = 0.650) in the testes with a triple-biopsy compared to the testes with a single-biopsy. Semen analysis showed a borderline significant difference between the group with triple-biopsy where sperm count was lower than it in the control group (14.5 mill/mL vs. 17.5 mill/mL, p = 0.05). A single-biopsy has little effect on the testis, especially on overall fertility. A triple-biopsy showed higher degree of the testicular damage but without a significant impact on overall fertility. Semen analysis showed that single- and triple-biopsies did not have a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology. Conclusion: Biopty gun procedure is a cheap, simple and reliable method for testicular biopsy in rats without a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology.

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Impact of percutaneous embolization versus subinguinal microsurgical ligation on semen parameters in primary varicocele patients: comparative study

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-020-00370-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haytham M. Nasser ◽

Ahmed Hussein ◽

Gad M. Behairy ◽

Mostafa Abdo

Keyword(s):

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Male Factor ◽

Percutaneous Embolization ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Background Varicocele is an abnormally dilated pampiniform plexus of the veins within the spermatic cord and is considered the most common correctable cause of male factor infertility. Many approaches are described for treatment either surgical (tradition inguinal, subinguinal, and laparoscopic) or non-surgical percutaneous embolization. During the period from August 2017 to December 2018, we prospectively analyzed the preoperative and post-operative alteration of semen parameters (at 3 and 9 months) of the data collected from 63 patients with clinically evident varicocele referred to our tertiary hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1, thirty-three patients who underwent subinguinal microsurgical ligation, and group 2, thirty patients who underwent percutaneous embolization. Results Sixty-three patients enrolled in this study were divided in two groups: group 1, patients who underwent surgery, and group 2, patients who underwent embolization; the mean age is 24.6 ± 1.27 years in group 1 and 23.7 ± 2 years in group 2; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regards BMI, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. Bilaterality was present in 15.2% of group 1 patients and 10% in group 2 patients (P value 0.06). Most of the patients were classified as grades 2 and 3 with no statistical significance regarding severity of the disease. Preoperative semen parameters for patients including sperm count, motility, and abnormal forms showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Post-intervention semen analysis was done twice during follow-up after 3 months and 9 months from the date of intervention. After 3 months, the semen parameters were improved in both groups in spite of the higher sperm count in group 2 but with no statistical significance. After 9 months follow-up, semen analysis showed persistent increase in sperm mobility in group 1 patients in comparison to group 2 patients. Both groups had better improvement in count of normal form with no statistical significant change. Conclusion Improvement of semen parameters while treating primary varicocele by either subinguinal microsurgery approach or percutaneous embolization shows equivalent outcomes.

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Impact of supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with fresh Moringa oleifera leaves on semen characteristics in rabbit bucks under tropical climate in Trinidad

Caribbean Medical Journal ◽

10.48107/cmj.2021.04.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Krishna Mohan Kumar

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Control Group ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽

The Impact

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) on semen quality and characteristics in rabbits. Methods Eighteen (n=18) breeding bucks of New Zealand white, of similar age group, were used for the study. Three feeding regimes, (i) 100% commercial rabbit pellets (CRP)-Group I (ii) 90% CRP + 10% fresh MOL on a dry matter (DM) basis – Group II and (iii) 80% CRP + 20% fresh MOL on a DM basis – Group III, were adopted and the trial continued for 21 days. After adaptation to the diet, semen was collected from each buck and subjected to evaluation using a computer-assisted semen analyser. Results In Group III, the sperm count, normal sperm morphology, and sperm motility increased (52.0%) in comparison with the control (Group I; 50.1%). The inclusion of 20% Moringa oliefera in the diet (Group III) caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in semen concentration (Control =136.2 M/mL; Group III=297.2 M/mL). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in sperm motility and semen volume among the groups. Conclusion The results suggest that supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with 20% fresh Moringa oliefera leaves on a DM basis can improve the quality and characteristics of semen in breeding bucks.

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Effect of Tramadol on Sperm Profile of Male Albino Rats

Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry ◽

10.9734/ajrb/2018/v3i429844 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

I. S. Esua ◽

U. U. Uno ◽

U. B. Ekaluo

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Sperm Head ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Sperm Viability ◽

Albino Rat ◽

Significant Difference

Background and Aim: Tramadol is a potent analgesic effective in the treatment of mild to severe pains. However, the use of the drug can pose a threat to other organs and systems. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of graded doses of tramadol on sperm profile of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) using completely randomized design (CRD) with six rats in each group. Rats in group A served as the control group and were given just food and water while groups B and C were given tramadol at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively, daily for the period of 65 days. The treatment was administered via oral gavage and at the end of the treatments, the rats were sacrificed. Immediately after sacrifice, a puncture was made in the epididymis with a sterile pin and examined for semen pH. The epididymes were processed for epididymal sperm motility, viability, count and sperm head abnormality. Results: There was no significant difference in the weight of testes and semen pH. Sperm viability, sperm motility, sperm count and weight of epididymes significantly reduced (p<0.05) in tramadol treated animals when compared with the control. Results also indicated statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in sperm head abnormalities in rats treated with tramadol when compared with the control. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study reveal that tramadol has negative effects on weight of epididymes, sperm count, sperm viability, sperm motility and sperm head abnormalities in male albino rat as mammalian models in a dose dependent manner.

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