scholarly journals Study on the Optimization of the Soluble Dietary Fiber Content of Soybean Residue by Steam Explosion Pretreatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
TongSop Ri ◽  
SongRok Uh ◽  
ChonBong Song ◽  
HyonDok Pak ◽  
YongChol Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Soybean Residue

Because a large amount of soybean residue(SR) what is the byproduct of tofu and soymilk industries is produced annually in the world and is a byproduct with a rich nutritional profile, particularly in proteins, fibers, lipids, and bioactive components, a lot of researchers intensify the study on the SR and the processing and utilization of its have attracted more and more attention due to the increased consumption of SR in recent years. Especially the soluble fiber of SR lowers blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels by binding to cholesterol and helping to pass it out of the body, therefore, the composition proportion of soluble components in dietary fiber is an important factor affecting its physiological function. Steam explosion (SE) is a kind of physical method recently used in food pretreatment. In this study, the insoluble dietary fiber of SR converted to soluble dietary fiber by SE treatment and increased the content of soluble dietary fiber, and optimized the condition of SE treatment processing by response surface methodology(RSM). The results showed that the optimum conditions was: moisture content of 76.3%, steam explosion time of 88S?steam explosion pressure of 1.7MPa; on the conditions?the content of SDF was 36.5%. Through the analysis on the physicochemical properties of SE treated SR in the optimum condition, determined that water solubility of SR increased significantly, while swelling capacity, oil and water holding capacities decreased after SE treatment.

scholarly journals Soluble Fiber and Insoluble Fiber Regulate Colonic Microbiota and Barrier Function in a Piglet Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Chen ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Gang Tian ◽  
Ping Zheng ◽  
Xiangbing Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

The main purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of soluble and insoluble fiber on colonic bacteria and intestinal barrier function in a piglet model. A total of 24 piglets (25 ± 1 d old; 7.50 ± 0.31 kg) were randomly allotted to 4 treatments: basal diet (control, CON), 1% insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) diet, 1% soluble dietary fiber (SDF) diet, and 0.5% insoluble fiber + 0.5% soluble dietary fiber (MDF) diet. The trial lasted 28 days. SDF-fed piglets showed a higher P<0.05 bacterial a-diversity (observed_species, chao1, and ACE) and a higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, Solobacterium, Succinivibrio, Blautia, and Atopobium in colonic digesta than CON, IDF, and MDF groups P<0.05. At the same time, Bacteroidetes, Euryarchaeota, Phascolarctobacterium, Coprococcus_1, and Prevotella_1 were significantly increased in the IDF group when compared with CON, SDF, and MDF groups P<0.05. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae, Selenomonas, Phascolarctobacterium, and AlloprevotellaP<0.05 were significantly higher in the MDF group than those in the other three groups P<0.05. SDF diet increased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in colonic digesta P<0.05 when compared with the CON group and enhanced weight index of the colon P<0.05 than the CON and IDF groups. Furthermore, compared with the CON group, SDF, IDF, and MDF diets all upregulated the mRNA expressions of claudin-1 (CLDN-1) in colonic mucosa P<0.05, SDF and IDF diets upregulated the mRNA expressions of mucin 2 (MUC2) P<0.05, SDF diet increased mRNA expressions of zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) and occludin (OCLN), while the IDF group enhanced the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentrations P<0.05, respectively. IDF and MDF diets decreased expressions of TNF-αP<0.05. We concluded that the influence of soluble fiber on colonic microbiota was more extensive than that of insoluble fiber. Moreover, soluble fiber could more effectively improve colonic barrier function by upregulating gene expressions of the gut barrier.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Enzymatically Treated Apple Pomace from Juice Production by Extrusion Processing

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Vera Schmid ◽  
Antje Trabert ◽  
Judith (Schäfer) Keller ◽  
Mirko Bunzel ◽  
Heike P. Karbstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treated Apple

Food by-products can be used as natural and sustainable food ingredients. However, a modification is needed to improve the technofunctional properties according to the specific needs of designated applications. A lab-scale twin-screw extruder was used to process enzymatically treated apple pomace from commercial fruit juice production. To vary the range of the thermomechanical treatment, various screw speeds (200, 600, 1000 min−1), and screw configurations were applied to the raw material. Detailed chemical and functional analyses were performed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the impact of the extrusion processing on apple pomace composition and technofunctional properties as well as structures of individual polymers. Extrusion at moderate thermomechanical conditions increased the water absorption, swelling, and viscosity of the material. An increase in thermomechanical stress resulted in a higher water solubility index, but negatively affected the water absorption index, viscosity, and swelling. Scanning electron microscopy showed an extrusion-processing-related disruption of the cell wall. Dietary fiber analysis revealed an increase of soluble dietary fiber from 12.6 to 17.2 g/100 g dry matter at maximum thermo-mechanical treatment. Dietary fiber polysaccharide analysis demonstrated compositional changes, mainly in the insoluble dietary fiber fraction. In short, pectin polysaccharides seem to be susceptible to thermo-mechanical stress, especially arabinans as neutral side chains of rhamnogalacturonan I.

scholarly journals Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time

Observational studies have shown that dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary fiber is a non-digestible form of carbohydrates, due to the lack of the digestive enzyme in humans required to digest fiber. Dietary fibers and lignin are intrinsic to plants and are classified according to their water solubility properties as either soluble or insoluble fibers. Water-soluble fibers include pectin, gums, mucilage, fructans, and some resistant starches. They are present in some fruits, vegetables, oats, and barley. Soluble fibers have been shown to lower blood cholesterol by several mechanisms. On the other hand, water-insoluble fibers mainly include lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose; whole-grain foods, bran, nuts, and seeds are rich in these fibers. Water-insoluble fibers have rapid gastric emptying, and as such may decrease the intestinal transit time and increase fecal bulk, thus promoting digestive regularity. In addition to dietary fiber, isolated and extracted fibers are known as functional fiber and have been shown to induce beneficial health effects when added to food during processing. The recommended daily allowances (RDAs) for total fiber intake for men and women aged 19–50 are 38 gram/day and 25 gram/day, respectively. It is worth noting that the RDA recommendations are for healthy people and do not apply to individuals with some chronic diseases. Studies have shown that most Americans do not consume the recommended intake of fiber. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding dietary fiber, sources of food containing fiber, atherosclerosis, and heart disease risk reduction.

scholarly journals Steam-explosion-modified optimization of soluble dietary fiber extraction from apple pomace using response surface methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhong Liang ◽  
Junjian Ran ◽  
Junliang Sun ◽  
Tianlin Wang ◽  
Zhonggao Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Fiber Extraction

Effects of steam explosion on yield and properties of soluble dietary fiber from wheat bran

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Jianhui Ma ◽  
Meng Yuan ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yingxing Duan ◽  
Daijing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber

Rapid Integrated Method for Total Dietary Fiber

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Intestinal Digestion

This method determines total dietary fiber (TDF) in foods and food ingredients, as defined by Codex Alimentarius. The method measures soluble and insoluble dietary fiber, including resistant starch, as well as nondigestible oligosaccharides. In this method, enzymatic digestion is used to simulate human intestinal digestion. Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and soluble dietary fiber that precipitates in 78% ethanol (SDFP) are separated by filtration and quantified gravimetrically. Additionally, highly soluble oligosaccharides (SDFS) are quantified by chromatographic separation. TDF is reported as the sum of the gravimetric and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results. The digestion and chromatographic conditions of this method have been modified from those of AACC Approved Methods 32-45.01 and 32-50.01 in an attempt to better simulate human digestion and to allow for more exact quantitation.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Treatment and Size Reduction on Dietary Fiber Content of Blackgram Husk

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Yesritha ◽  
R Jaganmohan ◽  
A Surendra Babu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Crude Fiber Content

The black gram husk a by-product of black gram milling was collected and proceed to washing. The washed and unwashed samples were separated based on the required particle size (900µm, 450µm). The samples obtained were analyzed for their proximate composition and dietary fiber content. The washed husk samples had shown least amount of fat and ash content ranging from 0.53 to 0.77% and 1.04 to 2.47% respectively. The protein content of the samples ranged from 14.43 to 18.65%. The crude fiber content was found to be highest in WBH ranging from 39.9 to 42.13% due to the removal of tailing starches and other coteledonous material. It was observed that the 450WBH sample had the highest amount of Total dietary Fiber (TDF), Insoluble Dietary Fiber (IDF) and Soluble Dietary Fiber (SDF) content. The TDF content of 450WBH was 90.19%. The obtained data was analyzed by paired comparison (t-Test).

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