scholarly journals Scope of Organic Farming Vegetable Cultivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
C. Manoharan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The World ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

Agriculture began organically. For many centuries, humans farmed without synthetic biocides or inorganic fertilizers, relying on organic fertilizers derived from plants and animals, and protecting crops from pests and diseases using naturally-occurring materials. From the second half of the nineteenth century growers around the world successfully developed and refined farming systems that relied on synthetic biocides or inorganic fertilizers.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC CROP PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-763
Author(s):  
A.V. Shelenok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The World

The article examines intensive and organic technologies for growing agricultural crops, their impact on the environment, human health, indicates what are the advantages and disadvantages of organic agriculture. It is noted that with intensive technologies for growing agricultural crops, their yield increases, but if the doses of chemicals are not observed, soil fertility is disturbed, the environment is polluted. Devoid of the disadvantages inherent in intensive technologies, organic farming is significantly inferior in productivity to it, due to which it is not able to reach the same production volumes, to ensure a comparable level of domestic consumption, which is demonstrated by traditional farming. The article compares the effectiveness of traditional and organic agronomic farming systems. It is shown that in the case of comparability of yield indicators, traditional technologies at lower selling prices are more effective in terms of profit and profitability indicators. The reasons for the slow development of the organic segment in the agricultural production of Russia are revealed. In this regard, the topic of support for foreign and Russian agricultural producers, including organic products, as well as the underdevelopment of its domestic market is touched upon. It is noted that, in contrast to developed countries, Russia’s share in the world market for organic products is insignificant. Therefore, it is too early to talk about the prospects for the development of organic agriculture in Russia. In the world, organic farming is stimulated, it occupies its own niche, but in all respects it lags far behind the traditional method of growing agricultural products. Its share in the world food market ranges from 2.6 to 3%.

Cover Crops

2017 ◽  
pp. 257-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladan Ugrenović ◽  
Vladimir Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Multiple Role ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

The use of cover crops is widespread practice in organic farming systems. Cover crops can be defined as crops that are usually not grown commercially, and can have a multiple role in crop rotations. The benefit of cover crops has been known since long. Legumes are used as biological fixer of nitrogen for the next crop, and are established during periods when the soil is without major crops in order to reduce erosion. In recent years, the role of cover crops has been extended to the biocontrol of weeds, pests and diseases, as well as to the overall improvement of soil quality by increasing organic matter, encouraging the circulation of nutrients and reducing soil compaction. At the same time, their use tends to reduce costs and even create new sources of income on the farm.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN KELOMPOK TANI PADI ORGANIK MELALUI PROGRAM MANDIRI BENIH DI DESA KETAPANG KECAMATAN SUSUKAN SEMARANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Sumani Sumani ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Mustofa Mustofa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

Background, excessive exploitation of paddy land in the long term without the addition of organic matter have resulted in soil become damaged. To meet the needs of food (rice) healthy and improve the functioning of the land, then there is no best alternative except development of organic farming systems. To be able to implement a system of organic farming, it is necessary to aplication of seed quality assurance. IbPUD activities carried out ini the village Ketapang, local village government has formed group of paddy organic farmers, but due to constraints in the available of seed rice organic . The purpose, carry out assistance to Farmers and Farmers Group in the establishment of the sources of seed organic rice and the acquisition of organic certification. The method, is Focus Group Discussion which emphasizes dialogue interpersosnal and mentoring. The program is implementing educational methods that involve the active participation of the participants from the three (3) groups of paddy organic farmers partners in Ketapang. The training was held in the form of : (1) seed rice breading management trainin, (2) training of organic rice management with the use of local waste and can be as alternative of organic fertilizers, and (3) training buines management.Results, an increasing number of farmers' groups who implement sources of seed organic rice of 4 (four) varietas (Mentik Susu, Mentik Wangi, Hitam Arang and Merah Anoman) to 3 farmer groups (15Ha). In conclusion, most members of the Farmers Group Al-Barokah have felt: (a) the benefit of the treatment of organic in terms of soil quality and the products of organic rice and its by-products, (b) an increase in value-added organic products and farmers' income, (c) the importance of maintaining paddy according to its function, (d) have become independent farmers in organic rice cultivation.<br />Keywords: Organic farming systems, Organic certification, Interpersonal dialogue

Organic Agriculture in China

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xie Biao ◽  
Wang Xiaorong
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
New Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
And Training

Organic agriculture, a new model for farming development, has set itself the goals of minimization of environmental pollution and sustainability of farming systems. In recent years, organic agriculture has developed rapidly and spread around the world. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of organic agriculture in China with regard to how it is organized, the production base and marketing, technical aspects, standards and regulations, international cooperation, publicity and training. The authors also examine the restrictions on organic farming development and the basis for organic farming expansion. Recommendations for stimulating the success of organic farming are put forward.

scholarly journals Status of the use of Organic Fertilizers in India: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanchal Yadav ◽  
Sonali Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Soil Nutrition ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
The World

This research paper aims to identify the emerging trend and prospects of organic farming throughout the world. This paper also gives stress on the usage of organic fertilizer in India. India is a country with huge climate diversity hence different regions of the country have different agricultural climates. The diverse agro-climatic on the country has a direct impact on the natural nutrients of soil which are the key source of soil nutrition for organic cultivation. India covers 1.18 mm hectares of organic agriculture land which led the county on the 9th position globally in 2014-15. In this total organic area, 26% of the land is cultivable and rest 74% is covered under the forest or wild land. In the same year Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and, Maharashtra have been identified as having most organic agriculture area regions in the country. The country also has a leading position in organic production with consent increment in the organic producers throughout the globe. In the year 2014-15, the county has 0.55 mm producers which led the country on the first position in the world. The country exports more than 135 products including basmati rice, cotton and oil corps. In this review, article research had tried to analyze the significance of organic farming, export and marketing of organic products in the country. Consumption and production of organic fertilizers in the county also have been discussed in this article.

scholarly journals Посухи в контексті змін клімату України

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
В. М. Писаренко ◽  
П. В. Писаренко ◽  
В. В. Писаренко ◽  
О. О. Горб ◽  
Т. О. Чайка
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Research Results ◽  
No Till ◽  
The Impact

Мета статті – довести необхідність впровадження системних і науково обґрунтованих заходів з адаптації аграрного виробництва до нових кліматичних умов у зв’язку зі збільшенням повторюваності посух. Методика дослідження. Методологічною основою дослідження слугували такі наукові методи: історико-діалектичний, аналізу і синтезу, теоретичний пошук і абстрактно-логічний, математичного та статистичного аналізу на основі результатів досліджень, що проведені на сільськогосподарських угіддях ПП «Агроекологія». Результати дослідження. Досліджено теорії змін клімату, з якими пов’язані посухи: вплив сонячної активності, вплив космічних факторів, антропогенний вплив на природу. Обґрунтовано доцільність розробки адаптаційних заходів у технології сільськогосподарського виробництва, що дозволять зменшити негативний вплив погоди, та технологічні заходи з накопичення, збереження і раціонального використання вологи, особливо в умовах посух.  Показано вплив на збереження вологи, урожайність і рентабельність аграрного виробництва різних систем землеробства: інтенсивної, органічної, no-till, strip-till, точного землеробства, біоензимної технології, біогенного землеробства. Доведено, що в умовах змін клімату  актуальності набувають дослідження вологозберігаючих систем землеробства, однією з яких є органічне землеробство. Елементи наукової новизни. Визначено особливості агротехнічних прийомів, що сприяють накопиченню, збереженню та раціональному використанню ґрунтової вологи, за умов різних систем землеробства. Практична значущість. Проведені дослідження впливу висоти снігового покриву на запаси вологи у метровому шарі ґрунту за системи органічного землеробства, що свідчить про значну роль снігозатримання. Розкрито доцільність регулювання вологозабезпечення культур таких агротехнологічних заходів: створення куліс для затримки снігу, використання лісосмуг, впровадження сівозмін, правильне структурування посівних площ, мінімальний обробіток ґрунту, використання органічних добрив, мульчування поверхні поля. The purpose of the article is to prove the necessity of introducing systemic and scientifically grounded measures for the adaptation of agrarian production to new climatic conditions in connection with the increasing drought recurrences. Methods of research. The following scientific methods were the methodological basis of the research: historical-dialectical, analysis and synthesis, theoretical search and abstract-logical, mathematical and statistical analysis based on the research results conducted on farm lands of the private enterprise "Agro-ecology". The research results. The theories of climate changes, which are connected with droughts –   the influence of solar activity, cosmic factors, anthropogenic impact on nature, have been investigated. The expediency of developing adaptation measures in agricultural production technology, which will enable to reduce the negative influence of weather, and technological measures on accumulation, conservation and rational use of moisture, especially in conditions of drought, has been substantiated. The impact on moisture preservation, productivity and profitability of agrarian production of different farming systems (intensive, organic, no-till, strip-till, precision farming, bio-enzyme technology, biogenic farming) has been shown. It is proved that the research of moisture-conserving farming systems, one of which is organic farming, in the conditions of climate change is topical. The elements of scientific novelty. The peculiarities of agro-technical methods favoring the accumulation, conservation and rational use of soil moisture, under the conditions of different farming systems have been determined. Practical significance. The studies of snow cover height effect on moisture reserves in a meter layer of soil at organic farming system have been conducted and they have shown the significant role of snow retention. The expediency of regulating crop moisture supply with such agro-technological measures as creating gates  for snow retention, using forest bands, introducing crop rotation, correct structuring of sown areas, minimal soil tillage, using organic fertilizers, mulching field surface has been disclosed.

scholarly journals PERAN TANAMAN BENGKUANG (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) DALAM MENDUKUNG SISTEM PERTANIAN ORGANIK

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Terry Pakki
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Organic Farming System

Abstrak               Tantangan pertanian ke depan adalah peningkatan produksi pertanian, kelestarian lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat sebagai akibat meningkatnya jumlah penduduk dan kesadaran masyarakat akan pengaruh negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida sintetik/kimia (anorganik).  Sistem pertanian organik merupakan salah satu solusi yang diajukan untuk diterapkan pada sistem pertanian di masa yang akan datang.  Sistem pertanian organik adalah sistem budidaya pertanian yang mengandalkan bahan-bahan alami tanpa menggunakan bahan kimia/sintesis (anorganik).  Pemanfaatan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabati dalam usaha pertanian akan mengurangi resiko pencemaran lingkungan, meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan, serta menekan pengaruh negatif dari penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida sintesik/kimia (anorganik).  Prinsip dalam sistem pertanian organik adalah adanya keseimbangan siklus hara dan kesuburan tanah serta pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara terpadu.  Untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan memenuhi kebutuhan pupuk organik di dalam menjaga keseimbangan siklus hara, serta mengurangi penggunaan pestisida nabati, peran legum seperti bengkuang (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) perlu dikaji lebih mendalam. Tanaman bengkuang sangat potensial dalam mendukung diterapkannya sistem pertanian organik karena; biomassa yang banyak dan mengandung nitrogen yang tinggi (3.42% - 3.51%), kemampuan hidup yang sangat luas di berbagai kondisi lahan karena bersimbiosis dengan bakteri Rhizobium dan Bradyrhizobium dalam menambat nitrogen (N2) udara dan bersimbiosis dengan cendawan mikoriza (AMF) yang dapat membantu penyerapan unsur hara terutama fosfor.  Selain itu, kecuali umbi, bagian tanaman lainnya terutama pada biji bengkuang mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti rotenon yang bersifat insektisida.  Dengan demikian maka bengkuang ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pupuk organik dan sebagai insektisida nabati dalam mendukung sistem pertanian organik. Kata Kunci: bengkuang(Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.), legum, rotenon, sistem pertanian organik Abstract                The challenge of agriculture in the future is to increase agricultural production, environmental sustainability and public health as a result of increasing population and public awareness of the negative effects caused by the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical/ synthetic pesticides. Organic farming system is one of the solutions proposed to be applied to agricultural systems in the future. Organic farming system is an agricultural cultivation system that relies on natural materials without using synthetic/chemicals (inorganic). Utilization of organic fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural businesses will reduce the risk of environmental pollution, improve fertilization efficiency, and reduce the negative effects of the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical/synthetic pesticides. The principle in organic farming systems is the balance of nutrient cycling and soil fertility and integrated pest and disease control. To improve soil fertility and meet the needs of organic fertilizer in maintaining the balance of nutrient cycles, and reduce the use of synthetic chemical pesticides, the role of legumes such as yam bean (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) needs to be studied more deeply. Yam bean plants are very potential in supporting the implementation of organic farming systems because; a lot of high and nitrogen containing biomass (3.42% - 3.51%), a very broad life ability in various land conditions because it is symbiotic with Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium bacteria in fixing nitrogen (N2) air and symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) which can help absorption of nutrients, especially phosphorus. Especially in jicama seeds contain secondary metabolites such as rotenone which are insecticides. Thus, this yam bean can be used as an organic fertilizer and as a organic/vegetable insecticide in supporting organic farming systems. Keywords: Yam bean (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.), legumes, rotenon, organic farming systems

‘Otherwise in London’ or, the ‘Essence of Things’: Modernity and Estrangement in the Nineteenth-Century Cityscape

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Julian Wolfreys
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
William Wordsworth ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Thomas De Quincey ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Representation ◽  
Robert Southey ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Writers of the early nineteenth century sought to find new ways of writing about the urban landscape when first confronted with the phenomena of London. The very nature of London's rapid growth, its unprecedented scale, and its mere difference from any other urban centre throughout the world marked it out as demanding a different register in prose and poetry. The condition of writing the city, of inventing a new writing for a new experience is explored by familiar texts of urban representation such as by Thomas De Quincey and William Wordsworth, as well as through less widely read authors such as Sarah Green, Pierce Egan, and Robert Southey, particularly his fictional Letters from England.

Mirrors, Masks, and Masculinity: The Homosocial Legacy from Dickens to Machen

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-275
Author(s):  
Molly C. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Victorian Novel ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The World ◽  
Speech Genre

All the narrators and characters in J. Sheridan Le Fanu's In a Glass Darkly are unreliable impostors. As the title suggests, this is also the case with Arthur Machen's The Three Impostors, which similarly presents a virtual matryoshka of unreliability through a series of impostors. Both texts effect this systematic insistence on social constructedness by using and undermining the specific context of the male homosocial world. What served as the cure-all in the world of Pickwick – the homosocial bond – has here been exported, exposed, and proven flawed. The gothic is out in the open now, and the feared ghost resides without and within the group. The inability of anyone to interpret its signs, communicate its meaning, and rely on one's friends to talk one through it is the horror that cannot be overcome. Part of a larger project on the nineteenth-century ‘tales novel’ that treats the more heterogeneric and less heteronormative Victorian novel, this article examines how In a Glass Darkly and The Three Impostors blur the clear-cut gender division articulated in prior masculine presentations like The Pickwick Papers and feminine reinterpretations such as Cranford. These later texts challenge binaries of sex, speech, genre, and mode in enacting the previously articulated masculine and feminine simultaneously.

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