scholarly journals RESEARCH OF RUBAS FORTIFICATION in 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1139
Author(s):  
Ludmila B. Gmyrya ◽  
Vadim A. Saidov ◽  
Yusup A. Magomedov
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
The North ◽  
Stone Wall ◽  
Tower Structure ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Military Engineering ◽  
The Village ◽  
Technological Methods

The article presents preliminary data on the excavations of the Rubas fortification complex in 2020. The archaeological site is located in the lower reaches of the river. Rubas, near the village. Commune of the Derbent region of the Republic of Dagestan, 20 km south-west of the city of Derbent. The monument was discovered in 2014 by local residents. The work on its research is carried out by the Rubass archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the DPhIC RAS ​​(head of the expedition LB Gmyrya). In 2014, 2016–2018 four military engineering structures were identified and investigated: 1) an arched tower structure; 2) stone wall No. 1, attached to the arched structure from the north; 3) monumental stone defensive wall No. 2, oriented in the south-north direction (28 m section was explored); 4) stone wall no. 3, attached to wall no. 2 from the east, oriented west-east (section 5 was investigated). The excavations were carried out with the financial support of projects by the RFBR-Dagestan (2014) and RFBR (2016–2018) funds. It was established: 1) the undoubted belonging of the archaeological site on the Rubas River to the monumental defensive structures; 2) a complex, multifaceted structure and layout; 3) a variety of technological methods for laying massive blocks into walls; 4) careful processing of stone blocks; 5) the use of a fastening solution using lime and special brackets for fastening the blocks of the facade part of buildings. However, the scale of the Rubas defense complex and the uniqueness of its location at the bottom of the Rubas River valley determine the presence of problematic issues related to the topography and planning of this object.

scholarly journals WALL HOSCHMENZIL IN THE VALLEY RUBAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-285
Author(s):  
Ludmila B. Gmyrya
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
The West ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Stone Wall ◽  
Country Road ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village

The Khoshmenzil Wall is a new archaeological site discovered in the lower reaches of the river. Rubas, on the northern outskirts of the village. Rubas of Derbent region of the Republic of Dagestan. It received its designation from the old name of the village located in the place of its location - with. Hochmenzil [Nice place]. The archaeological site is the 6th section of a stone wall preserved on a country road in the northern outskirts of the village. Rubas.The article presents materials from the exploration excavations of this monument, carried out in 2020. The purpose of the research was to determine the functional belonging of the construction site, establish its dating and possible belonging to the barrage defensive line noted in written sources of the mid-18th century. in the lower reaches of the river. Rubas. The relevance of the study was due to the development of the problem of the structure and layout of a large defensive complex of the middle of the 6th century. - Rubas fortification, located 2 km to the west on the left bank of the river. Rubas.The tasks of excavating a new archaeological site were to identify the structure and layout of the structure, to determine the technology of its construction and the degree of preservation.The construction is a section of a stone wall, erected by armour-clad technique from processed stone blocks. The southern facade of the wall with a length of 3.6 m and an adjoining section of backfilling, including torn stone and lime mortar, have been preserved. The stone blocks of the wall are installed using the "poke-spoon" technology. The base of the wall is placed on a stone fill, consisting of torn stone, filled with lime mortar. The height of the preserved section of the wall is 0.6 m. The section of the wall is located on the left bank of the river, it is oriented along with its channel (W – E).The preliminary dating of the monument was determined by the features of the facade design and masonry technology within the middle of the 6th century.

Epitaphic Nation: The Problem of the South and Necropolitics in Early Modern Vietnamese National Literature

PMLA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-692
Author(s):  
Nguyễn-Võ Thu-Hương
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Literary History ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Literary Genealogy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
North And South ◽  
The Church

Whoever goes down to Bà Ria and happens by the cemetery in the sand at the village of Phu'ó'c Lě, I beg you to go in that cemetery and look for the grave with a cross painted half black, half white, by the side of the Church of Martyrs–to visit that grave lest it become pitiful. Because it has been two years since anyone visited or cast as much as a glance.—Nguyễn Trong QuanSO opens nguyễn trọng quản's thẩy lazaro phiển (“lazaro phiển” 22). The narrative begins at an obscure gravesite evokes the life of a man as both victim of state violence and perpetrator of private deaths. Lazaro Phiển is a ictional work written in the romanized script and was published in Saigon in 1887 in a novelistic format almost forty years before Hoàng Ngọc Phách's Tố Tâm. Yet the latter, published in Hanoi in 1925, is oten touted in official literary history as the first modern Vietnamese novel. Although Nguyễn Trọng Qu.n's narrative revolves around the recovery of an elided story, the author could not have anticipated the elision of his work from a nationalist literary genealogy that locates the origin of modern Vietnamese literature in the North. he elision was part of a general omission of works from the South in the last decades of the nineteenth century and irst two decades of the twentieth. his genealogy was by no means limited to the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the North but was also perpetuated in the Republic of Vietnam in the South ater independence and the partitioning of the country into North and South in 1954

A Ball Court Located on the San Pedro River in Southeastern Arizona

1951 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Dipeso
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
River Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
San Pedro River ◽  
The North ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Cochise County ◽  
Desert Flora ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

The Amerind Foundation, Inc. spent the first three weeks of December, 1948, excavating a ball court at the archaeological site of Arizona:BB:15:3, which is located in Cochise County, Sec. 20, T15S, R20E. The actual village area is located on the west bank of the San Pedro River twenty-two miles north of the city of Benson at an approximate elevation of 3300 feet.The ball court was located in the north half of the village on a terrace some forty feet above the river channel. It appeared as a shallow but conspicuous oval depression which was overgrown with mesquite trees and other desert flora of the Sonoran plateau type. Fortunately the court had not been disturbed by any previous excavations nor by erosion (Fig. 86, a).

Археологические памятники у пос. Ергенинский

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Evgeny G. Burataev ◽  
◽  
Maria A. Ochir-Goryaeva ◽  
Erdni A. Kekeev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Bronze Age

Introduction. Due to the nomadic lifestyle of the indigenous population which they practiced up to 1930s and the absence of any noticeable anthropogenic impact on the local environment, most of the archaeological sites located on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia are characterized by their very well preserved state. However, the area around the village Ergeninskiy (Ketchenerovskiy region, Republic of Kalmykia) is probably one of the few with such a number and variety of archaeological sites. The goal of this article is to introduce the results of the initial recording of the archaeological sites located in the valleys of the rivers Shar Elsin and Kek Buluk around the village Ergeninskiy. Materials and Methods. The mound group of the Catacomb culture to the eastern edge of the village was examined during the excavation works led by V. P. Shilov in 1981–1986 and M. A. Ochir-Goryaeva in 2006–2008. The Bronze Age settlement situated to the west of the village on the bank of the river Shar Elsin was examined in 2010–2012. The nodules of cretaceous flint were found by our archaeological team in the large Kyur Sala ravine to the north of the village Ergeninskiy. It should be noted that such nodules often indicate the probability of nearby existence of the Stone Age and Copper-Stone Age settlements. The exploration works undertaken in the area 15–18 km in length have revealed the six mound groups including 259 mounds. This article also gives the initial information about the previously unknown flat mounds discovered in the steppes. These mounds are similar to the sites of Maikop culture that date back to the Bronze Age era and are widespread in the North Caucasus region. Results. The area around the village Ergeninskiy is characterized by the density and variety of archaeological sites. Thus, the further archaeological research of this microregion has a lot of prospects.

Le Câtel de Rozel, Jersey: The Excavations of 1988–90

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 18-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Cunliffe
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
The South ◽  
Narrow Neck ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Village ◽  
Sea Cliffs

The site of Le Câtel lies in the parish of Trinity in the north-east corner of Jersey, close to the village and harbour of Rozel (figs. 1 and 2). The defensive characteristics of the promontory are best appreciated from the contour plan (fig. 3). The archaeological site is located at the end of a long narrow plateau bounded on the north and east by cliffs plunging steeply to the sea and on the south by a deep valley cut by a stream flowing into Rozel bay. A subsidiary valley bites deeply into the south flank of the promontory leaving only a narrow neck of land, some 200m across, between its head and the sea cliffs on the north. This approach is barred by a massive earthwork which gives the site its name—Le Câtel.

scholarly journals The peoples of Northern Kazakhstan: in one country (1920 vs 2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
V. V. Podolko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Administrative Center

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the ethnic composition of the population and interethnic relations on the territory of Ualikhanov district, which is located in the south-eastern part of the North Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the village of Kishkenekol, the district includes 11 rural districts. The chronological framework of the study covers the period from 1928 to the present. The main sources of information in research are thematic interviews, record keeping documents and media materials.

scholarly journals Socio-economic development of the village of Tiksi in the Russian Arctic: strategy and growth potential

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
P.Y. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
E.V. Potravnaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Potential ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Growth Center ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village

The article consider the implementation of the Comprehensive Development Plan for the village of Tiksi for the period up to 2025, worked out by the Ministry for the Development of the Arctic and the Affairs of the Peoples of the North of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The authors outline constraints and perspective directions of the village development, its capacity and growth points, which include modernization and development of seaport, the implementation of projects in the field of energy and resource efficiency, the creation of a tourist cluster “Russian North of the Arctic”, the construction of a trade and logical center. The implementation of this approach will contribute to the creation of an economic growth center for the Arctic.

scholarly journals THE RESIDENTS OF KARAGACH VILLAGE AND THEIR DESCENDANTS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.Т. Марзоев
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Central State ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
The Village ◽  
North Ossetia

Статья посвящена малоизвестному и табуированному в советской историографии сюжету — разгрому селения Карагач в 1918 году. Основанный привилегированными фамилиями баделят во второй половине XVIII в. на равнинных землях Дигорского общества Северной Осетии, Карагач подвергся красному террору в его жесточайших проявлениях, без всякой оглядки не только на ментальные установки и обычное право народа, но и на общечеловеческие представления о гуманности. Суть «забытого» историей события заключалась в том, что в ночь 4 декабря 1918 г. на селение напали большевики-керменисты, разгромили и сожгли дома. Среди жителей Карагача было много убитых и раненных, в том числе глубокие старики, а уцелевшие были вынуждены искать убежище в других осетинских обществах, за пределами Осетии и России. Цель настоящего исследования — дать всестороннюю и объективную оценку исторического события, определить его политические, социальные, демографические и другие последствия, проследить судьбу потомков переселенцев посредством генеалогических разысканий. В работе использованы материалы Центрального государственного архива Республики Северная Осетия-Алания, полевой биографический и фотоматериал жителей Карагача. В научный оборот вводится новый источник из Научного архива СОИГСИ — «Протокол старшины Карагачского прихода 3-го участка Владикавказского округа Асланбека Дашиева от 1 февраля 1919 г.», который содержит обстоятельное описание разгрома Карагача. В результате исследования впервые дана научная оценка описываемого события, что существенно дополняет историю Гражданской войны в Осетии, а также способствует более глубокому и обновленному исследованию генеалогии осетинских фамилий. The article is devoted to the little-known and tabooed plot in the Soviet historiography — the demolition of the village of Karagach in 1918. Karagach, founded by privileged families in the second half of the XVIIIth century on the lowlands of the Digor Society of North Ossetia, was exposed to the red terror in its most severe manifestations, without any regard not only for mental attitudes and the common law of the people, but also for universal concepts of humanity. The event «forgotten» by history took place during the night of December 4, 1918, when the Bolshevik Kermenists attacked the village, levelled or burned the houses. Among the inhabitants of Karagach many were killed or wounded, including very old people, and the survivors were forced to seek refuge in other Ossetian communities outside Ossetia and Russia. The purpose of this study is to give a comprehensive and objective assessment of the historical event, to determine its political, social, demographic and other consequences, to trace the fate of the descendants of the immigrants through genealogical research. In this work, materials from the Central State Archive of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, field data, biographical and photographic materials of Karagach residents were used. A new source from the Scientific Archive of the North Ossetian Institute for Humanitarian and Social Studies — «Protocol of the elders of the Karagach parish of the 3rd section of the Vladikavkaz district of Aslanbek Dashiev February 1, 1919» is introduced into the scientific circulation, which contains a detailed description of the destruction of Karagach. As a result of the study, scientific assessment of the described event was given for the first time, which significantly complements the history of the Civil War in Ossetia, and also contributes to a more in-depth and updated study of the genealogy of the Ossetian families.

scholarly journals Economic Effectiveness and Agricultural Indicators of Combinations Grafting-Varieties of Apple Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-780
Author(s):  
Islam A. Beyahmedov
Keyword(s):  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
The Village

Research was carried out in the north-eastern part of the republic, in the Khuba-Khachmaz zone. Was carried out a comparative analysis of apple varieties on the different grafting and landing schemes. Namely, on the generative rootstock in the gardens, established in the village of Timiryazev of the Khuba region, according to the scheme 5x4m, in the village of Yeni Hayat of the Khusar region on the grafting M9 according to the scheme 4х1,25м and in the village of Dashliyatakh of the Shabran ragion on the grafting MM106 according to the scheme 5x3 m. The agricultural yield was calculated to the formula, proposed by A.S Ovsyannikov by the formula; Уa= Уs х Sa х N : 100; here Уs - Specific productivity, kg / m2 crown projection; Sa - area occupied by crown projection, м2; N – Number of trees per hectare; 100- for transfer of kg, in centners / hectare. To determine the optimum area for plant nutrition were used generally accepted formula: Sop = (D- 0,3) x (D+2)м2 ; D is the diameter of the crown in the period of full fruiting, м; 2- necessary gleam between rows, м; 0,3- the possibility of penetration of branches into the crown of a neighboring tree, м. Economic efficiency was determined by the method proposed by P. V.Dubrava. The results of research is different combinations varieties-grafting. It was determined that all varieties shows high profitability on different grafting. Also, identified a significant impact of the grafting both to the morphometric parameters, to the productivity and economic productivity of varieties. Varieties on the generative rootstock having a relatively large area of crown projection (11.3 m2), respectively, reduce the productivity of the crown to 3.63 kg / m2, against of, having the smaller area of the crown projection (2.43 ... 7.96 m2) and accordingly high productivity (11.70 ... 5.40 kg / m2) on the clonal grafting as M9 and MM106. Relatively less crown volume creates conditions for reducing the area of supply trees, thereby increase the number of trees per unit area and, accordingly, an increase the agrecultural harvest per hectare. This helps to increase the level of net income of varieties on clonal grafting. They have a net income of 3622.97 .... 16335.91 AZN is more than in the varieties of generative rootstock (3029.57 AZN). Accordingly, indicators of agrcultural produoctivity, in varieties on clonal grafting, vastly more (correspondingly 598.92 ... 352.56 center / ha) than in the varieties on the generative rootstock (247.87 center / ha). At the same time, high and high quality productivity of varieties on clonal grafting contributes to the increase in net income and, together with them, the profitability of production. It should be noted that, the profitability of farming in gardens on generative grafting is 100.06%, then this indicator in apple gardens, on clonal grafting is much higher and amounts of 147.54% on MM106 and 381.14% on M9.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF THE RUBAS FORTIFICATION IN 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-86
Author(s):  
Ludmila B. Gmyrya ◽  
Vadim A. Saidov ◽  
Yusuph A. Magomedov
Keyword(s):  
Layer By Layer ◽  
The South ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Military Engineering ◽  
The Military ◽  
Northern Segment ◽  
East West ◽  
Functional Purpose

The article presents the material of the excavation of the monumental fortification of the middle of the VI century on the river Rubas (Rubas fortification), conducted in 2018. Studies of the monument, accidentally discovered in 2014, have been carried out since 2016.In 2016–2017 two military engineering objects were identified - a monumental defensive wall and an arched structure.The defensive complex on the river Rubas has an intricate structure and layout. The full length of the main wall, oriented in the South – West direction, has not yet been established. Following the excavations of 2016–2017, its 20th segment had a continuation both to the north and to the south - in the direction of the riverbed Rubas. The functional purpose of the wall embedded in the trunk wall in the direction East – West is not defined either. There is no data on the appointment of another wall, attached to the construction of an arched structure from the north.The research in 2018 revealed new sections of the main defensive wall, the total length of which was 28 m. The wall has a continuation both to the north and to the south. New data on the technology of its facilities were received. In the northern segment, a layer-by-layer alternation of crushed stone and masonry from large stone blocks was found in the interwall space. The stone blocks of the eastern facade and backfilling had pairwise narrow slits for the installation of metal brackets that held the masonry together, which strengthened the structure.New sections of the wall oriented in the direction of East – West were also revealed, and it was established that it continues to the east (it is possible that this is another main wall directed to the coast of the sea).The archaeo- and paleoseismological surveys of 2018 revealed significant deformations of the military engineering structures of the Rubas fortification, caused by a powerful earthquake. The strongest flooding followed by mudflows were the reason for the destruction of this fortification object approximately in the X century.

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