The Influence of local entrepreneurial environment and role models in motivating youths to create a new enterprise

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon G. Nesse ◽  
Bharat P. Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Western Norway ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Almost All

Governments in almost all countries provide incentives to promote entrepreneurship generally andto establish new enterprises particularly. Creating new enterprises has also been an important goal inregional development policies of a country. However, what makes a person establish an enterprise stillremains the most important question. This study investigates the issue among final-year students infour different secondary schools from western Norway. The results show that local entrepreneurialenvironment and role models are important factors to contribute to and/or correlated with youngpeople’s desire to create a new enterprise. In addition to extending the prior results, our study supportsthe previous findings regarding the importance of social capital and desire for independence. Itshould, however, especially be noted that leadership ambitions was an important correlate underlyingestablishment of an enterprise among youths. Therefore, this study recommends including activitiesthat build up social capital, desire for autonomy, and leadership ambitions in education in order tomotivate youths to found an enterprise. Keywords: New enterprise; Entrepreneurship; Entrepreneurial intentions; Role models; Localentrepreneurial environment

scholarly journals The Studying the Components of Social Capital and its Relationship with the Social Happiness in Iranian Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Zadeh Foroughinia ◽  
Hakimeh Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Reza Pourmirza Kalhori ◽  
Neda Kianipour
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Iranian Students ◽  
Almost All

The concept of social capital, due to its nature and content, is associated with almost all the issues in the human, social and health fields. On the other hand, the role of happiness and joy in mental health, physical health, and social inclusion are very important in the field of health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the components of social capital and its relation with social happiness of students in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2017. This study is descriptive-correlational. The research population consisted of 450 students in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2017who were selected by cluster sampling. Bullen& Onyx Standard Social Capital Questionnaire and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-23 software. In this research, social capital score was 3.17 ± 0.45 according to the students' score and the mean score of the social happiness was 3.68 ± 0.14. There was a positive and significant relationship between two variables of social capital and social happiness of students (r=0.423). Among the social capital fields, the variables of the value of life, trust, and security had the most and the least relationship with the overall social happiness. Social capital and its aspects have a direct and significant relationship with the social happiness; therefore, with increasing the social capital, the level of social happiness increases.  

Personality, Prior Knowledge, Social Capital and Entrepreneurial Intentions: Entrepreneurial Alertness as Mediator

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Wei Lee Lim ◽  
Yvonne Lean-Ee Lee ◽  
Ravindran Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Entrepreneurial Alertness

Objective – This empirical study aims to examine the role of entrepreneurial alertness as a mediator to personality traits, prior knowledge and social capital in influencing the potential of entrepreneurial intention. Methodology/Technique – A total of 212 questionnaires were personally distributed in the Kuala Lumpur area. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) employing the Baron and Kenny method with the bootstrapping method in testing for mediation effect. Findings – The findings concluded that there are significant relationships between the three variables; prior knowledge, social capital and personality traits with the entrepreneurial intention which is mediated by entrepreneurial alertness. Social capital and prior knowledge in the form of entrepreneurships courses and entrepreneurial experience have a positive relationship with entrepreneurial intention and hence attention should be directed towards them. Novelty – Demonstrate the originality or value of the paper which makes it different from prior studies. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Entrepreneurial intention; Alertness; Prior knowledge; Social capital; Personality; Mediator. JEL Classification: L26, L31.

scholarly journals The mediating role of passion in entrepreneurship intention: Identity centrality and role models increase passion

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doan Thi Thanh Thuy ◽  
Nguyen Tran Cam Linh ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Dan Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Identity Centrality ◽  
Entrepreneurial Role

Entrepreneurial passion is the key to starting a business. Passion motivates desire so that entrepreneurs strive to achieve success. Passion is not only the experience of intense emotions but also a part of identity centrality. On the other hand, an individual’s entrepreneurial decisions can be influenced by the opinions and behaviors conveyed by others and a person's career ambitions can be significantly stimulated if they have a role model. The role model, in addition to inspiration, also plays an important role in helping individuals learn to identify themselves so entrepreneurial role models impart entrepreneurial passion for individuals to shape entrepreneurial intentions. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of passion in both relationships: between entrepreneurial identity centrality and entrepreneurship intention as well as between the entrepreneurial role model and entrepreneurship intention. The study is a quantitative research, data is surveyed in a single time collected from a population. 531 questionnaires are distributed to young people who are studying and working in Ho Chi Minh City and has the intention to start-up their own business. The findings of the research show that both above relationships are significantly mediated by passion. The research could support the theory of distal and proximal antecedence that influence entrepreneurship intention for students.

scholarly journals Algorithm of Ecocompensation in Sloping Land Conversion Program Based on Heckman’s Two-Step Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Haotian Wang ◽  
Chen Ke ◽  
Xiaojun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Cognitive Preference ◽  
Sloping Land ◽  
Conservation Auctions ◽  
Bid Prices

In this paper, we broadly generalize the assignment auction algorithm to solve linear minimum cost network flow problems. It is significant to establish a market-based compensation mechanism by way of conservation auctions based on peasant households’ willingness, which can promote the innovation of ecocompensation policies, green development, and balanced growth. Using the survey data collected from 453 households within 3 national pilot counties in ecologically fragile regions in northwest Liaoning for the Sloping Land Conversion Programme, measuring peasant households’ willingness to accept ecocompensation through sealed auctions, we built a database through cloud computing to realize information collation and query and applied the Heckman’s Two-Step Model to study the impact of risk preference, social capital, cognitive preference, land parcel characteristics, and family endowments on farmers’ willingness to participate in protection auctions and their bid prices. The results reveal that the average bid price of peasant households in the ecologically fragile region in northwest Liaoning for the Sloping Land Conversion Programme is annually 274.5 yuan per mu and that risk preference and social capital have positive impacts on peasant households’ willingness to participate in conservation auctions and on their bid prices, cognitive preference has a positive impact on peasant households’ bid prices in conservation auctions, and land plot characteristics have a negative impact on peasant households’ bid prices in conservation auctions. It is suggested that ecocompensation policies should be optimized with such methods as lowering peasant households’ perception of high risks, setting role models for them to follow, and strengthening their perception of the environment, income, and property rights.

Entrepreneurial intentions of private university students in the kingdom of Bahrain

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwir Al-Shammari ◽  
Rana Waleed
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Total Response Rate ◽  
Social Valuation ◽  
The Government

Purpose This study aims to explore the level of entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) among students in three private universities in Bahrain. The examined factors that are expected to shape EI are personal attraction toward becoming an entrepreneur, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms and social valuation of entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach A close-ended questionnaire was used to collect data of the study. The total number of questionnaires distributed was 1,530 questionnaires, while the total number of the valid questionnaires retrieved was 550, which makes the total response rate to be 36 per cent. Findings Regression analysis results indicated that students’ personal attraction toward entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control had a significant strong positive relationship with their EI. In addition, there was a significant moderate positive relationship between students’ perceived subjective norms and social valuation of entrepreneurship with their EI. Originality/value The findings showed that entrepreneurial education is needed to improve students’ skills and knowledge and enhance their EI and perceived behavioral control. In addition, it is important to expose students to entrepreneurial role models and their businesses and to promote entrepreneurial careers as desirable and feasible options that may bring more advantages than working in the government or private sector.

International assignments of employees and entrepreneurial intentions: the mediating role of human capital, social capital and career prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1279
Author(s):  
Susanne Schlepphorst ◽  
Elizabeth C. Koetter ◽  
Arndt Werner ◽  
Christian Soost ◽  
Petra Moog
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
International Assignments ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeDrawing on human capital (HC) and social capital (SC) as well as the Jack-of-all-trades theory, this paper aims to clarify the relationship between international assignments (IAs) of employees and their entrepreneurial intentions. The study proposes that such IAs provide specific environmental features which may enable employees to build up diverse skills and network relations conducive to entrepreneuship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data using an online survey, targeting professionals and managers in Germany and Switzerland. They used 223 complete responses. Before data collection, they ensured the suitability of their questionnaire by employing well-tested scales and consulted independent experts in survey design and methodology. They tested their hypotheses by applying multiple mediation modeling.FindingsAs hypothesized, the authors find empirical evidence that diverse skills and network relationships as well as poor career prospects, positively mediate the relationship between IAs and entrepreneurial intentions of employees.Research limitations/implicationsWe applied simple random and the snowball sampling method. Our approach involved the use of headhunters, international employers and relocation companies as multipliers.Practical implicationsOur results have practical implications for employees and employers. Employees on international assignments can proactively pursue opportunities in order to utilize the acquired experiences and resources for taking up entrepreneurial activities. Employers can try to retain these employees to facilitate (international) corporate entrepreneurship.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical study to highlight the entrepreneurial ambitions of international assignees. It thus provides initial insights into this topic.

Understanding nascent women entrepreneurs: an exploratory investigation into their entrepreneurial intentions

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-566
Author(s):  
Wisuwat Wannamakok ◽  
Yu-Yu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽  
Economic Landscape

Purpose Women entrepreneurs are having increasingly profound impacts on the global economic landscape, although little is known about what supports or restricts women’s entrepreneurial attempts. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptual (i.e. presence of role models and fear of failure) and cognitive (i.e. opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial knowledge) mechanisms that influence a women’s choice of an entrepreneurial career. Design/methodology/approach A transnational sample of 9,716 women participating in global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) survey was examined using logistical regression analysis. Findings The results indicate that role models, opportunity discovery and entrepreneurial knowledge have a significant and positive influence on female respondents’ entrepreneurial intentions. Interestingly, fear of failure is not related to their entrepreneurial intention, which challenges the prevailing assumption that the worries about new venture outcomes are the primary suppressor of women’s entrepreneurship. Originality/value This study sheds new light on the intention of becoming women entrepreneurs, which has multiple implications for originality/value. This study sheds new light on the intention of becoming women entrepreneurs, which has many implications for policymakers. Moreover, theoretical contributions and directions for future research are discussed.

Institutions, the social capital structure, and multilevel marketing companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Jordan K. Lofthouse ◽  
Virgil Henry Storr
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Homogeneous State ◽  
Multilevel Marketing ◽  
New Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Lds Church ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
Almost All

AbstractIn multilevel marketing companies (MLMs), member-distributors earn income from selling products and recruiting new members. Successful MLMs require a social capital structure where members can access and mobilize both strong and weak social ties. Utah has a disproportionate share of MLM companies located in the state and a disproportionate number of MLM participants. We argue that Utah's dominant religious institutions have led to the emergence of a social capital structure, making MLMs particularly viable. Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state; roughly half its population identifies as members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The LDS Church's institutions foster a social capital structure where (almost all) members have access to and can leverage social capital in all its forms. LDS institutions encourage members to make meaningful social connections characterized by trust and reciprocity with other church members in local neighborhoods and across the world.

scholarly journals Social capital and cannabis supply

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G Scott ◽  
Jodie Grigg ◽  
Monica Barratt ◽  
Simon Lenton
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Drug Dealer ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Almost All

The distribution of cannabis in Australia is examined with reference to motivations for supplying drugs. We argue that the distribution of cannabis in Australia is best understood with reference to the concept of social supply, where a supplier, not considered to be a ‘drug dealer proper’, brokers, facilitates or sells drugs, for little or no financial gain to friends and acquaintances. The article draws on data from surveys and interviews with 200 young Australian cannabis users, almost all of whom had also supplied cannabis at some point in their lifetime. We further theorise the concept of social supply with reference to social capital. We argue that a sociological understanding of drug distribution should focus on drug communities, as opposed to markets, describing the features of social organisation that exist between people within social networks and related implications that such features might have in terms of social harm and well-being.

scholarly journals Factors affecting social entrepreneurship intentions among agricultural university students in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng-Li Yu ◽  
Jiun-Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective

Taiwan’s agriculture is again generating local interest after years of decline as awareness of problems facing development and food safety grows. Agriculture-related social entrepreneurship is seen as a crucial solution to the challenges faced and has gradually become part of mainstream business in rural areas. This study examined whether empathy, social responsibility, social capital and support, and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy affect social entrepreneurial intentions. Through an online and offline survey, a sample of Taiwanese agricultural college students (n=464) were recruited for analysis. The factor analyses supported previous studies and proved that the factor structures of subscales used in this study were stable, with the exception of social entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Multiple regression analysis results indicated that management efficacy was the most prominent factor affecting social entrepreneurial conviction, followed by stakeholder perspective and communication efficacy. In addition, management efficacy was the strongest factor affecting social entrepreneurial preparation, followed by stakeholder perspective and affective empathy. Notably, cognitive empathy was revealed to be negatively associated with social entrepreneurial preparation. Social capital and support were found to have no association with social entrepreneurial intentions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document