scholarly journals Monitoring of productive and biochemical parameters of young Clarias gariepinus during feeding of Skretting and Roycher AQUA feeds in experimental conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (95) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
A. M. Trofymchuk ◽  
V. S. Bitiutskyi ◽  
N. Ye. Grynevych ◽  
O. A. Oleshko ◽  
V. M. Polishchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Mathematical Calculation ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities ◽  
Plastic Containers

The article presents the results of monitoring the productive and biochemical indicators of the growth rate of young clary catfish using dry extruded complete feed for fish, which have proven to be best adapted for use at all stages of growing clary catfish, namely: Skretting and Roycher AQUA in experimental conditions. The research was conducted in the educational and experimental laboratories of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University from 2019 to 2021. For the experiment, we used the young of the African marble clary catfish (Clarias gariepinus), purchased from one of the fish farms in the Odesa region. Clary catfish fry was kept in four rectangular plastic containers for 90 liters of freshwater. The tanks were two-thirds full (60 liters). The water temperature was maintained at 26 °C. For the experiment, 120 fries were used, which were kept in four plastic tanks by the method of analogs of 30 specimens each. Given that the fry differed in weight (for experiment 1 we selected fry with higher weight, and for experiment 2 – with lower weight), they were divided on the principle of analogs into two experimental and two control groups. Based on the results of monitoring in Experiment 1, fish observations, and mathematical calculation, we found that the feed ratio when fed Skretting and Roycher AQUA starter feed is 0.74 and 0.99 %, respectively. Based on the results of monitoring, fish observations, and mathematical calculation, it was found that the feed ratio in experiment 2 when feeding starter feed Skretting and Roycher AQUA is 0.75 and 1.54 %, respectively. The high feed rate for the use of Roycher AQUA can be explained by overuse due to the grinding of the granules. Growing aquaculture facilities in an artificially formed system – production, allows you to get environmentally friendly fish products all year round. This is a very important criterion in modern environmental conditions.

Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ola Hashem ◽  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Rawia Adawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

Growing commodity tilapia in various experimental conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
F. A. Altayeva
Keyword(s):  
Fish Farming ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Short Time ◽  
High Fish ◽  
Experimental Ponds

The article presents the results of growing tilapia to marketable weight in experimental sites (Chilikskoye pond pond farms LLP, KATU named after S. Seifullin JSC and Kapshagai spawning farm — 1973 LLP). In the process of carrying out research works, the methods generally accepted in fish farming, hydrochemistry, hydrobiology, hydrology, ichthyology, as well as foreign normative and technical guidelines and methodological instructions on the technology of growing commercial tilapia in industrial conditions were used. Monitoring of hydrochemical analyses of water in ponds, swimming pools, and closed water supply installations is given. Fish-breeding and biological indicators of tilapia grown in various experimental conditions are presented. The results of the studies have shown the real possibility of growing tilapia in various conditions of fish farms in Kazakhstan. Based on the results of the work, the following conclusions were made: — satisfactory fish-breeding indicators were obtained with various cultivation technologies (as when growing tilapia in polyculture and monoculture in ponds, in pools, as well as cultivation in the recirculation system); — the cultivation of tilapia in the experimental ponds of the fish farm of the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan has shown the possibility of obtaining high fish-breeding biological indicators of tilapia and the ability to grow to marketable mass in a short time; — as a result of experimental cultivation in various conditions, it was found that the survival rate was not lower than 97%; — as a result of the analysis of the profitability indices of the developed technologies, it was found that the most profitable was the technology of growing marketable tilapia products in monoculture ponds on water with a natural thermal regime in Chilik Pond Economy LLP.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN BREEDING FISHING FARMS: ECOLOGICAL AND VETERINARY ADDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
A. M. Naumova ◽  
◽  
L. A. Rozumnaya ◽  
A. Yu. Naumova ◽  
L. S. Loginov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Significant Damage

The influence of ecological, epizootological and technological factors on fish health was studied. It is shown that disregard of environmental, technological and veterinary-sanitary requirements in the reproduction and cultivation of fish leads to the emergence of contagious and non-contagious diseases and causes significant damage to fish farming. The analysis of previously approved veterinary and sanitary rules, instructions, recommendations for breeding and commercial fish farms, as well as patent documentation and scientific publications in the field of ecological and veterinary research in fish farming is carried out. The possibility of using modern ecological and veterinary-sanitary achievements for the protection of fish health is shown. The complex system of preventive measures (organizational, environmental-technological and veterinary-sanitary), supplemented by modern ecological and veterinary achievements, in its implementation will allow to reduce losses of fish products and increase efficiency of production.

scholarly journals Effect of putative probiont Enterococcus hirae on the hematological parameters of juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) during pre- and post-challenge against Aeromonas hydrophila

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayahanum Hamid ◽  
Hassan Mohd Daud ◽  
Prapansak Srisapoome ◽  
Hasliza Abu Hassim ◽  
Md Sabri Mohd Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mung Bean Sprouts ◽  
Bean Sprouts

Probiotics have been widely known to have the ability to improve the immune system of livestock and aquatic animal. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of two probiotic isolates of Enterococcus faecium on hematological parameters of juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus during pre- and post-challenge with aquatic pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila. The probiotics were previously isolated from vegetable wastes (mung bean sprouts, Vigna radiate and cucumber, Cucumis sativus) which have been fermented for 7 days. The experimental fish (270 tails) with an average weight of 5.13 ± 1.03 g were distributed and divided randomly  into  i) control (30 tails), fed with commercial diet ii) E1 (30 tails), fed with  diets  supplemented  with  108 CFU/ml  of  E. faecium isolated from fermented cucumber, iii) E2 (30 tails), fed with 108 CFU/ml  of  E. faecium isolated from fermented mung bean sprouts. The feeding trial was conducted for 50 days. All experimental groups were then challenged with A. hydrophila (1.5 × 106 CFU/mL) via intraperitoneal injection on day 51. Prior to challenge, blood samples were collected from five fish randomly selected from each group on the day 51 (pre-challenge).  After 72 hours of post-challenge, blood samples were again collected from five fish from each groups. The hematological parameters such as total erythrocyte count  (RBC),  total  leucocyte  count  (WBC),  packed cell volume (PCV),  hemoglobin  (Hb), the derived blood indices of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were examined.  Hematological profiles of pre- and post-challenge infected juvenile catfish were compared with the control groups. The RBC, Hb, WBC, PCV, MCV and MCHC of fish fed with probiotics showed higher significant difference (P<0.05) as compared to control groups during pre- and post-challenge of pathogen. The high level of RBC and WBC during pre- and post-challenge showed the capability of the probiotics to improve the immune response of juvenile African catfish and thus increased the fish disease resistance against A. hydrophila infection. The result suggested that E. faecium could be used effectively as a probiotic in aquaculture.

Pathways for urea production during early life of an air-breathing teleost, the African catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (12) ◽  
pp. 2155-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bendik F. Terjesen ◽  
Terry D. Chadwick ◽  
Johan A. J. Verreth ◽  
Ivar Rønnestad ◽  
Patricia A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Carbamoyl Phosphate ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Urea Production

SUMMARY Embryos and larvae of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus excrete significant quantities of urea. The present study focused on the potential urea-generating pathways during early development of this teleost; uricolysis, argininolysis and the ornithine–urea cycle (OUC). Uricase, allantoinase, allantoicase and ureidoglycollate lyase of the uricolytic pathway were expressed in all early life stages and in adult liver of C. gariepinus. Uricase activity increased in starved larvae compared with yolk-sac larvae. The key regulatory enzyme of the teleost OUC, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase III (CPSase III), was expressed predominantly in muscle of developing C. gariepinus larvae and showed negligible activity in the absence of its allosteric effector N-acetyl-l-glutamate. CPSase III and ornithine carbamoyl transferase activities increased in fed larvae compared with starved larvae. In contrast to the early developmental stages, adult C. gariepinus expressed only low and variable levels of CPSase III, suggesting that, under the experimental conditions employed, OUC expression is influenced by developmental stage in this species. The data indicate that early C. gariepinus life stages express the enzymes necessary for urea production by uricolysis, argininolysis and the OUC, and this may explain why urea tissue levels and urea excretion rates are substantial during the early development of this air-breathing teleost.

Influence of Phosphorus and Calcium on Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Determination of Lead in Canned Fish Products

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
Teresa M Serra ◽  
J F Vale Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Canned Fish

Abstract Lead was determined in the presence of whole multiples of the P/Ca ratio found in Portuguese canned fish by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry with and without using an ashing aid. Under our experimental conditions, use of the ashing aid eliminates P and Ca interference. Results with real samples, spiked with 1, 2,3, and 4 ppm lead, are presented and statistically treated.

Long-Term Traces of Tachistoscopic Word Perception

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Lee E. Doerries ◽  
E. Rae Harcum
Keyword(s):  
Critical Word ◽  
Word Perception ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Consolidation Effect ◽  
First Time ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Special Control

Threshold durations were determined by the Method of Limits for a series of 8-letter nonsense words. For experimental Os the threshold for a critical word was obtained a second time after threshold determinations for 0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 different filler-words had intervened. For control Os no word was repeated in the series. Instructions introduced a set against seeing any word again after its threshold had been obtained the first time. The second threshold for a critical word was lower than the first for all experimental conditions; this effect could not be attributed to practice. The greatest effect occurred when 2 filler-words intervened. The positive effect after 8 words had intervened indicates that the trace was still present after 7 min. Greater threshold decrements for special control groups, for whom the interpolated activity was unrelated to the experimental task, indicate a consolidation effect on the trace under those conditions.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization Based on Rapd-Pcr in Cultured Strains of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Ola-Oladimeji Folasade Adesola ◽  
Michael Olufemi Awodiran ◽  
Victor Folorunso Olaleye ◽  
Joel Idowu Awopetu
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The genetic polymorphisms of catfish populations collected from four fish farms in four Southwestern states of Nigeria were determined by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. This was to characterize the strains genetically and provide information on the studied catfish. Following standard procedures, polymerase chain reaction was performed by mixing 15 μl reaction mixture containing FIREPOL® Taq DNA polymerase, MgCl2, dNTPs, distilled water, dyes and glycerol, with 1.0 μl DNA sample of 16-week old C. gariepinus strains using OPA03, OPA04, OPC02, OPB08, OPC11, OPG16, OPG19 and OPA19 primers. A sum of 1708 loci having 3072 bands was amplified in all the samples. The RAPD analysis revealed significant genetic variability (P<0.05) among the four sampled populations. The unweighted pair group method with average (UPGMA) dendrogram based on Nei’s unbiased genetic distance matrix separated the Clarias gariepinus populations into two clades. The first clade was made up of populations from Ibadan and Abeokuta while the second clade consisted of populations from Ado-Ekiti and Ile-Ife. Thus, it is imperative to determine the genetic variation and population structure of the stocks of C. gariepinus in advance before commencing on breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Efficacy of some synthetic antibiotics on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis isolated from fish tanks

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Idowu ◽  
N. B. Ikenweive ◽  
A. A. Alimi ◽  
A. A. Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Diseased Fish ◽  
Food Fish ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Concrete Tank ◽  
Fish Tanks

Effects of some synthetic antibiotics on Streptococcus pnemoniae and Proteus mirabilis isolated from cultured Clarias gariepinus, an important food fish raised in a concrete tank was carried out to ascertain their remedies on mortalities of the Clarias gariepinus adult fish. Streptococcus pnemoniae and Proteus mirabilis were isolated from the gill and skin of diseased fish and water samples and identified by standard microbiological methods.The bacteria isolates were tested for sensitivity on ten (10) antibiotics namely Amoxycillin, Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin, Erythromycine, Augmentin, Tetracycline, Naladoxic acid, Cotrimoxazole, Cloxacillin and Ofloxacin. These organisms reacted differently to the different antibiotics that were used - Ofloxacine, Gentamycin and Erythromycine had highest zones of inhibition of 26mm and 26mm, 24mm and 19mm, 16mm and 17mm respectively around Streptococcus pnemoniae and Proteus mirabilis, but Naladoxic acid, Augmentin, Cloxacillin and Amoxycillin had no inhibition zones around both organisms. It is therefore recommended that Ofloxacine, Gentamycin and Erythromycine can be used to combat S. pnemoniae and P. mirabilis diseases in fish farms because of their high antibacterial potentials against the test organisms.

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