scholarly journals Proses Ekstraksi Asam Asetat dari Distilat Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa Menggunakan Pelarut Etil Asetat

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Rory Faham Partogi Siregar ◽  
Erni Misran ◽  
Iman Tri Cahyadi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Acid Recovery ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Coconut shell is one of the most widely found biomass in Indonesia. It has potential to be utilized as raw material in producing liquid smoke. Liquid smoke is a distillate from pyrolysis of biomass. The distillate contains various compounds including acetic acid. This research is important to understand the effect of combined distillation and extraction  on liquid smoke purificatian in obtaining acetic acid. The variation of solvent to feed ratio (2:1, 4:1, 6:1, dan 8:1) and temperature of extraction (30, 50, dan 70 °C) to obtain yield, acetic acid content, pH, and density which is the best among those of possible variable given. The objective of distillation is to separate the components with high boiling points such as tar. The main purpose of extraction is acetic acid recovery in order to obtain higher content of acetic acid in extract. The solvent in the process of extracting acetic acid is ethyl acetate. GC-MS analysis was also performed on this research to show composition of acetic acid from liquid smoke, distillate, and extract, which are all the composition of polar organic are also shown.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN ASAP CAIR DARI LIMBAH KAYU SUREN (Toona sureni), SABUT KELAPA DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA (Cocos nucifera Linn)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Yefrida ◽  
Yani Kasuma Putri ◽  
Richi Silvianti ◽  
Novita Lucia ◽  
Refilda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Simple Processing ◽  
Main Component

  ABSTRACT The waste of red cedar wood, coconut husk and coconut shell has not been well used. They had been used as traditional cooking fuel and also direct food smoking process by community, but they still had several disadvantages. Those could be treated by the simple processing, they can produce new high economics product. In this research, the use of waste red cedar wood, coconut husk and coconut shell as resources of liquid smoke by pyrolization followed by condensation has investigated. Liquid smoke is condensates of smoke which have experienced storage and screening to separate the tar and particulate matter.   Liquid smoke that was produced were different in color and smells, light brown and smells of smoke of red cedar wood burn, blackness of brown and smells like burning smoke of coconut husk and brown with smelled like the smoke of burned coconut shell. The pH of liquid smoke of red cedar wood was 3.34, liquid smoke of coconut husk is 3.48 and liquid smoke of coconut shell was 3.21, where its value was influenced by the component of acid which were the biggest component in coconut shell liquid smoke. The result of characterization using GC/MS indicated that there were 27 compounds and the main component of liquid smoke of red cedar wood is acetic acid (45.17%), 2-propanone (15.75%), 1-hidroxy-2-propanone (7.36%), furfural (5.50%) and phenol (4.17%), 27 compounds with the main component of liquid smoke of coconut husk is acetic acid (42.00 %), phenol (25.99%), 2-propanone (7.04%), furfural (4.06%) and guaiacol (3.32%), and 37 compounds with the main component of coconut shell liquid smoke are acetic acid (51.99%), phenol (19.90%), methyl acetate (5.37%), furfural (4.56%), hydroxyl acetone (2.90%), guaiacol (2.62%) and syringol (1.85%).  Keywords: waste red cedar wood, coconut husk, coconut shell, liquid smoke,  GC/MS

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ASAP CAIR CANGKANG BUAH KARET (Hevea brassiliensis) DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM PENGHAMBATAN KETENGIKAN DAGING SAPI

Alotrop ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haulia Dwi Putri ◽  
Sumpono Sumpono ◽  
Nurhamidah Nurhamidah
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Acetic Acid Content ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

This research was aimed to know the degree of Fenol compound, total acid and the activity of liquid smoke of Rubber (Hevea brassiliensis) Seed Shell also the application in obstructing the rancidity of beef. The Fenol compound was determined by using Reagen Follon-Ciocalteu. The total acid was determined by using the method of titrated acids.The ability as the antioxidant was tested by DPPH method and the ability of obstructing the rancidity of beef was done by measuring the alteration of TBA value in beef as long as saved. The result was shown the fenol compound in liquid smoke of Rubber Seed Shell as much as 0,84 % and the acetic acid content was 4.725%. The antioxidant test was produced IC50 value as much as 101.27 ppm. According to the IC50 value which got from the test that the liquid smoke of Rubber Seed Shell were included in moderate category. The increment of the liquid smoke of Rubber Seed Shell were able to suppress the rancidity of beef during the storage time. It was marked by the decreasing of TBA value in beef as given in treatment A1 (liquid smoke 4% ) and A2 liquid smoke 6%. The treatment without the liquid smoke (A0) increased the TBA value from 0.05 mgMDA/Kg on day (0) to 0.615 mgMDA/Kg on day 6. The treatment of concentration liquid smoke 4% (A1)  increased  from  0.039  mgMDA/Kg  on  day  (0) to  0.395  mgMDA/Kg  on  day  6.  The  treatment  of concentration liquid smoke 6% (A2) increased from 0.031 mgMDA/Kg on day 0 to 0.209 mgMDA/Kg on day 6.

scholarly journals Liquid smoke and its applications for fisheries products

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Diah Lestari Ayudiarti ◽  
Rodiah Nurbaya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Volatile Compound ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Wood Type

Liquid smoke is a volatile compound that simultaneously evaporates from heat reactor throughpyrolization and condense in cooler. Liquid smoke was produced in several steps that arepyrolization, condensation and redistillation. Quality, composition and material in liquid smoke isinfluenced by wood type as raw material. The major component of liquid smoke are acid, fenolderivate and carbonil. Those components can be used as flavoring, coloring, antibacterial andantioxidant agents. Liquid smoke can be used as preservative because of its antibacterial andantioxidant activity. Fenol and acetic acid compounds in liquid smoke can inhibit bacterial growthsuch as Pseudomonas fluorescence, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcusaureus. Fenol also can be used as antioxidant by stabilizing the free radicals. Liquid smoke cangive specific flavor and better color in smoke products. Liquid smoke can be applicated in eel, fishor products diversification such as fish steak. Liquid smoke also can be used in agricultural andtimber industry.

scholarly journals KADAR AIR DAN TOTAL BAKTERI DAGING KAMBING YANG DIBERI ASAP CAIR TONGKOL JAGUNG DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Mokmin Mokmin ◽  
Wahyu Mushollaeni ◽  
Budi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Total Bacteria

Corn cobs and coconut shell are a type of waste that can be used as a raw material of to  produce liquid smoke. The reseach used randomized block design two factors which fisrt factor is a type of liquid smoke (corn cobs, coconuts shell) and the second factor is liquid smoke concentration (1%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%). The parameters experiment include are water content and total bacteria (TPC)of the lamb.  The result showed of treatment has not significant effect of water content of lamb and the concentration liquid smoke of the corn cobs and liquid smoke of the coconut shell significant effect to total bacteria of lamb. The lowest total bacteria on treatment liquid smoke of corn cobs with concentration 2.5% that is showed 1.5x107cfu/g lamb.

scholarly journals Pemurnian Asap Cair Hasil Torefaksi Cangkang Sawit dengan Cara Destilasi dan Filtrasi dengan Arang Aktif

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Karelius Karelius ◽  
Lilis Rosmainar ◽  
Angeline Novia Toemon ◽  
Made Dirgantara
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Acetic Acid Content ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Main Components

The liquid smoke produced from the torrefaction process of oil palm shells has the potential to be used as an antiseptic base for hand sanitizer and disinfectant products. It is due to its high phenol and acetic acid content. Apart from phenol and acetic acid, there are many other compounds that must be separated in the hope of obtaining liquid smoke with the main components of acetic acid and phenol, which function as antibacterial agents. This research begins with the production of liquid smoke through a torrefaction process. The liquid smoke obtained is distilled at 150 oC and followed by adsorption with activated charcoal for the purification process. The pH value and acetic acid content in the purified liquid smoke were determined and analyzed using GC-MS to determine the chemical compounds. The pH value has decreased after the refining process by distillation, and activated charcoal is inversely proportional to the increase in acetic acid levels after purification. Based on GC-MS analysis results, it can be seen that the levels of acetic acid, phenol, propanoic acid, and 2-propanone increased after distillation. The loss of 1,2-Benzenediol and 2-Furancarboxaldechde compounds shows that distillation of liquid smoke at 150oC is effective for separating the heavy fraction of liquid smoke. Furthermore, the distilled liquid smoke is filtered using activated charcoal. The GC-MS analysis results showed that the filtration results with activated charcoal could increase acetic acid and propanoic acid levels in liquid smoke.

Karakterisasi Komponen Aktif Asap Cair Cangkang Sawit Hasil Pemurnian

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Fauziati Fauziati ◽  
Eldha Sampepana
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Palm shell liquid smoke obtained by pyrolysis and redestilasi still produce a pungent smoke flavor and color of yellow to brownish yellow so that the necessary research purification of smoke that can be used as ingredients other than preservatives, such as antiseptic hand wash. The research objective is to reduce the stinging liquid smoke aroma, color is tawny and to identify the characterization of the active components of liquid smoke shell oil refining results in Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The purification process of liquid smoke with redistilled at a temperature of 2000C and by adding 4.5% zeolite adsorbent made three (3) times the resulting liquid smoke of distillate and residue. Liquid smoke produced from distillate and residue are added activated charcoal as much as 9%, 10.5% and 12%, then stirred with a shaker subsequently allowed to stand for 6 days and 10 days The results of the study showed that liquid smoke purification results of the residue by the addition of activated charcoal as 12% and the time saved for 10 days (A2B2C3) gives flavor and color by 1.94 of 1.84 is odorless, yellowish white color and clarity. While the characteristics of the active components of purification results are predominantly acetic acid and phenol compounds of residues that serve as preservatives, antibacterial and antioxidant compounds while PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon), namely tar, benzoperen, gualakol and siringoll (aroma causes) undetectedABSTRAKAsap cair cangkang sawit yang diperoleh melalui proses pirolisis dan redestilasi masih menghasilkan aroma asap menyengat dan warna kuning hingga kuning kecoklatan sehingga diperlukan penelitian pemurnian asap yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan lain selain pengawet, seperti antiseptik pencuci tangan. Tujuan penelitian adalah  untuk mengurangi aroma asap cair yang menyengat, warna yang masih kuning kecoklatan dan untuk  mengidentifikasi karakterisasi komponen aktif asap cair cangkang sawit hasil pemurnian secara Kromatografi Gas Spektrometri Massa (GC-MS). Proses  pemurnian asap cair dengan  redistilasi pada suhu 2000C dan dengan menambahkan adsorben zeolit 4,5% yang dilakukan sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali  dihasilkan asap cair dari Destilat dan Residu . Asap cair  yang dihasilkan dari destilat dan residu ditambahkan arang aktif sebanyak 9%,10,5% dan 12%  kemudian diaduk dengan shaker selanjutnya didiamkan selama 6 hari dan 10 hari .Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asap cair hasil pemurnian dari residu dengan penambahan arang aktif sebanyak 12% dan waktu simpan selama 10 hari ( A2B2C3 ) memberikan aroma sebesar 1,94 dan warna sebesar 1,84 adalah tidak berbau ,  warna putih kekuningan dan jernih . Sedangkan  karakteristik  komponen aktif hasil pemurnian yang paling dominan  adalah  senyawa acetic acid dan phenol  dari residu yang berfungsi sebagai bahan pengawet, antibakteri dan antioksidan sedangkan senyawa PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon) yaitu tar, benzoperen,  gualakol  dan siringoll ( penyebab aroma ) tidak terdeteksi . Kata kunci : asap cair, cangkang sawit, komponen aktif, pemurnian, redestilasi 

scholarly journals Pilot Study of the Effects of Polyphenols from Chestnut Involucre on Methane Production, Volatile Fatty Acids, and Ammonia Concentration during In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Yichong Wang ◽  
Sijiong Yu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Nutritional strategies can be employed to mitigate greenhouse emissions from ruminants. This article investigates the effects of polyphenols extracted from the involucres of Castanea mollissima Blume (PICB) on in vitro rumen fermentation. Three healthy Angus bulls (350 ± 50 kg), with permanent rumen fistula, were used as the donors of rumen fluids. A basic diet was supplemented with five doses of PICB (0%–0.5% dry matter (DM)), replicated thrice for each dose. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia nitrogen concentration (NH3-N), and methane (CH4) yield were measured after 24 h of in vitro fermentation, and gas production was monitored for 96 h. The trial was carried out over three runs. The results showed that the addition of PICB significantly reduced NH3-N (p < 0.05) compared to control. The 0.1%–0.4% PICB significantly decreased acetic acid content (p < 0.05). Addition of 0.2% and 0.3% PICB significantly increased the propionic acid content (p < 0.05) and reduced the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio, CH4 content, and yield (p < 0.05). A highly significant quadratic response was shown, with increasing PICB levels for all the parameters abovementioned (p < 0.01). The increases in PICB concentration resulted in a highly significant linear and quadratic response by 96-h dynamic fermentation parameters (p < 0.01). Our results indicate that 0.2% PICB had the best effect on in-vitro rumen fermentation efficiency and reduced greenhouse gas production.

Interlaboratory comparison of results of erythrocyte protoporphyrin analysis.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2135-2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
K W Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Interlaboratory Comparison ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Abstract Each of 65 laboratories analyzed 10 whole-blood samples for erythrocyte protoporphyrin by one or more of several analytical procedures. These procedures were of two types: (a) extraction of protoporphyrin from the erythrocytes into ethyl acetate/acetic acid, re-extraction into hydrochloric acid, and fluorometric measurement; or (b) direct reading in a portable fluorometer (hematofluorometer), with no pretreatment of the blood sample. Interlaboratory correlation was generally poor, especially between laboratories using extraction procedures. Hematofluorometric results intercorrelated better, but they had a low bias as compared to the extraction approach. Nationwide standardization of the test is required to assure satisfactory interlaboratory performance and to identify laboratories whose results are sufficiently accurate to be used for interpretations according to guidelines set forth by the Center for Disease Control for erythrocyte protoporphyrin testing.

HSCCC Separation of Three Main Compounds from the Crude Extract of Dracocephalum Tanguticum by Using Dimethyl Sulfoxide as Cosolvent

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yongling Liu ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Nana Wang ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Counter Current

Abstract Separation of natural compounds directly from the crude extract is a challenging work for traditional column chromatography. In the present study, an efficient method for separation of three main compounds from the crude extract of Dracocephalum tanguticum has been successfully established by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The crude extract was directly introduced into HSCCC by using dimethyl sulfoxide as cosolvent. Ethyl acetate/n-butyl alcohol/0.3% glacial acetic acid (4: 1: 5, v/v) system was used and three target compounds with purity higher than 80% were obtained. Preparative HPLC was used for further purification and three target compounds with purity higher than 98% were obtained. The compounds were identified as chlorogenic acid, pedaliin and pedaliin-6″-acetate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document