scholarly journals DIRECTIONS AND TOOLS OF THE ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF MIGRATION PROCESSES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Vasyltsiv ◽  
Olga Mulska
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
External Migration

The article focuses on the problematic aspects and negative effects of increasing the external migration in Ukraine. The necessity of improving the modern migration policy is substantiated. The directions of the economic instrument of regulation of external migration are offered: slowing down of rates of external migration at the expense of improvement of an employment policy and creation of new workplaces; development of the micro and small business sector using the potential of external labour migrants; increasing the level of readiness of migrants for re-emigration by improving institutional capacity and assisting in the establishment of problematic social, labour and other aspects of migrants abroad; increase in investments in the economy at the expense of external labour migrants; preservation of human potential using the regulation of external educational migration. It is proved that the implementation of state policy measures (creation of conditions for legalization of sectoral labour markets by a high level of informal employment; support of non-standard forms of formal legal employment, development of the intermediary sector in the labour market; initiation of development and implementation of employment programs; preparation of ‘turnkey businesses’, implementation of programs to improve the availability of financial and credit resources for micro and small businesses, the creation of urban venture funds to invest in creative, innovative and technological business projects, start-ups of micro and small business, organizational and resource support for organizations specializing in maintaining ties with the diaspora, grants to NGOs to create and support the operation of Internet platforms, stimulating the creation of special bank deposit programs for migrant workers, resource which is used as a guarantee of financial and credit support for micro and small businesses; introduction of grant programs to support entrepreneurship for certain groups of the population – migrants, internally displaced persons, youth) would minimize risks, control the process of intensification of external migration flows in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Capital accessibility, gender, and ethnicity: The case of minority women-owned firms

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyland M. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Rate Of Success

Minority women continue to make significant gains in economic activity, particularly as entrepreneurs through the creation of small businesses. Despite this increased role in small business activity and an admirable rate of success, minority women-owned businesses continue to experience problems in acquiring capital. This difficulty, which some have attributed to discriminatory practices, forces a large number of these businesses to rely on governmental support programs for assistance in meeting their capital needs. Building on the idea that things are not as simple as commonly presented, a case is made that access to capital for women-owned businesses is affected by a number of other factors tied to the inability to join important networks.

scholarly journals Domestic saving mobilisation and small business creation: The case of Cameroon

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
LC Forje
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Business Creation ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Creation

Promoting savings and providing a basis for lending to the poor is a growing concern in many developing countries. Cameroon has a culture of savings mobilisation known as njangi/tontine. The njangi is contributions given to members in a rotating form at the end of every sitting, and tontine is voluntary savings held by the group. This study reveals that njangi/tontine groups only lend money to group members and suggests that a micro village bank known as MC2 could be used as guarantor to ensure that group monies lent to non-group members are repaid. Encouragement and improvement in the function of such voluntary savings could promote the creation of small businesses in the country.  The Cameroonian government needs to improve fighting corruption and a functional justice system to ensure security.  

scholarly journals Improving government support for small agribusiness due to the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
A. Alekseev ◽  
Ol'ga Ruschickaya ◽  
V. Lavrov ◽  
N. Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Purpose of the study is improving the mechanism of state regulation of agricultural producers, due to the need to overcome the pandemic and prevent the recurrence of similar scenarios in the future. The object of research is an agricultural producer, belonging to the category of small business. The subject of the study is the relationship between the object of study and the state represented by government bodies and institutions involved in the provision of state support that may arise in the process of overcoming the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research Methods. A theoretical analysis was used to identify threats from the coronavirus pandemic to agriculture and the agro-industrial complex as a whole. Comparison as a method of cognition was used when comparing the requirements of small businesses for state support and measures actually taken by the government. A systematic approach and modeling were used to summarize the experience of the functioning of the economy in a pandemic and to create patterns of behavior of small agribusiness entities. The method of scientific abstraction made it possible to present the most probable state of small business in the agro-industrial complex, depending on the provision or refusal of state regulatory influence on the economy in order to eliminate the damage caused by the pandemic. The rule of combining historical and logical in their unity allowed us to look at the coronavirus pandemic not as a unique phenomenon in the history of modern economics, but as a negative phenomenon that will potentially be reproduced in the future and the logic of counteraction which requires active intervention at the state level, and in the future - generalization, analysis and improvement of the experience gained. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is composed of statistical data on the state of the world economy, consumption, unemployment, publications of news agencies and government officials on measures taken to deal with the consequences of the pandemic, existing programs for the development of the digital economy, as well as publications of leading scientists in the agricultural sector on digital problems economics. Results. Within the scope of this study, there were characterized the most negative consequences of the pandemic for the agro-industrial complex, there was carried out the analysis of announced and already taken measures to support entrepreneurship and were described behavior models of small agribusiness entities in the current situation. Scientific novelty. The authors have developed a new method for the rapid diagnosis of a small agribusiness subject, claiming to receive state support for regional and industry programs.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the Regional Migration Policy to the Innovativeness of the Economy, Globalization and Demographic Challenges

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-537
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Obushenko ◽  
Galina P. Gagarinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the embodiment of the theory of globalization enhances the impact of external migration on the social atmosphere and the economic situation in the region. The aim of the research is to determine the adaptability of migration policy to modern challenges in the context of enhancing human potential, innovativeness of production, demographic growth, and increasing gross regional product. Materials and Methods. The research was based on the data from internal affairs bodies, migration services, statistical agencies, and the results of opinion polls. Foreign and Russian economic and sociological theories of migration formed the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The systemic, demographic, historical, and geographical approaches were used. Results. Modern forms of constructive interaction of migrants, the apparatus of regional administration, local authorities, and public institutions have been consid- ered. The degree of influence of migration processes on the labor market and human potential, on the growing sectors of the economy has been identified. Estimation of the region’s competitiveness on the working and living conditions of migrants, as well as on the development of the migration infrastructure has been given. The risks of implementing educational migration programs, business migration, and attracting high-class specialists have been identified. The work of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the region has been assessed; the most attractive sectors of the economy for foreign investors have been identified. The indicators for assessing the contribution of foreign labor to the economy of the region have been calculated. Discussion and Conclusions. Practical significance for the selective migration policy is represented by the results of the analysis of the prospects for attracting highly qualified specialists to the region, proposals for the development of educational migration, and the results of calculations for assessing the contribution of foreign labor to the economy of the region. Further research may be focused on the increase in the fundamental nature of studying the degree of influence of migration policy on regional social and economic processes.

scholarly journals State support of small enterprise on agricultural territories

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (86) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
S.V. Korobka
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
State Support ◽  
Further Development

Small entrepreneurship in rural areas plays a significant role in the Ukrainian economy, since its development contributes to the economic growth of the welfare of rural residents, the acceleration of scientific and technological progress, contributes to the saturation of the territorial markets with the necessary goods and services, and provides employment of freed labor resources. However, one of the main problems that slow down the development of small businesses in rural areas is the lack of financial support at the regional and national levels. A prerequisite for the further successful development of small business in rural areas is the stable and comprehensive state regulation. To date, there is no single algorithm of state intervention in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity. Each state, in accordance with socio-economic conditions of development, establishes state priorities and general state development. Small entrepreneurship in rural areas develops under the influence of external participants in the process: the state, local governments, and competitors. In reforming the economy, small businesses in rural areas have assumed the role of creator of the foundation for creating a new management system. The creation of small enterprises in rural areas allows solving a number of organizational and economic tasks, namely: the refusal of centralized management due to its ineffectiveness; creation of conditions for the reduction of the number of employees due to the elimination of ineffective units; the implementation of rational transformations for the further development of a particular area of the entire region. State regulation and support for the development of small businesses in rural areas in Ukraine should include a system of regulatory, economic and organizational measures that will promote the living standards of the population in rural areas, increase the efficiency of economic activity and rational use of available resources. Consequently, the further development of rural areas of Ukraine depends on how the state, community and rural dwellers work in this regard. The reasons for the slowdown of rural areas are the lack of human capital in rural areas, as well as financial support. It is also necessary to develop a single legal space within which social partnership of all members of society can be realized for the common goal – development and prosperity of not a separate group of people, but of the entire population of our rich country. Prospects for further research we see in the future the study of regional features of state support of small business in rural areas.

scholarly journals CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE RELATION OF ENTERPRISES TO SMALL BUSINESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-146
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. SCHEMELEV ◽  
◽  
LYUDMILA N. USENKO ◽  
LYUBOV I. SHUMAEVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Legal Forms

The national project for the development of small business in Russia provides for an increase in the number of people employed in this area in 2024 to 25 million people (in 2019 5.5 million people) and the share of SME products in the country’s GDP to 30% (currently less than 23 %). The ongoing economic crisis in the country, exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic and internal problems of economic development, created additional difficulties for achieving these goals in the small business sector. In this regard, it is necessary, first of all, to scientifically identify the very sphere of small business and its inherent problems that impede development and have both internal and external character, taking into account the variety of organizational and legal forms of small enterprises, the specifics of their types of activity, to determine indicators , really reflecting the processes taking place in this area. On the basis of the data obtained, substantiate a system of measures to ensure the acceleration of the development of small business. The purpose of this work is to develop the theory of state regulation of small business development, in terms of identifying the sphere of small business as a basic condition for creating an effective system to stimulate its development. The historical and logistic analysis of small business development processes is used, based on an eleven-year retrospective of the performance indicators of small businesses, the totality of which is considered as a system, which makes it possible to apply economic and statistical research methods to it. As a result of the work carried out, indicators have been established that most adequately reflect the development of the small business sector and the change in the existing procedure and criteria for classifying enterprises as small has been substantiated. The results obtained can be used to change the classification of small enterprises in Russia and other countries of the world, which will increase the effectiveness of the support carried out in relation to their state policy.

scholarly journals The System of Regulation of External Migration in the Far East of the Russian Federation (1991–2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Andrey Druzyaka
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
External Migration ◽  
The Russian Far East

The article considers the system of regulation of external migration in the Russian Far East, which consists of bodies ensuring the entry and exit of Russian citizens and foreigners to the territory of Russia, the regime of their stay, registration, labor activity and naturalization. The periodization of the stages of the Russian migration policy in specific conditions determined by the political and economic conjuncture is given. The purpose of the article is to analyze the historical conditions, as well as the characteristic features of the creation, functional formation and organizational transformation of the bodies of the system of state regulation of migration control in the period 1991–2020. The problems of their functioning and the results of the implementation of migration policy in the Russian Far East are considered. This article will briefly present the main aspects of the formation of the system of state regulation of immigration in the 1990s, as well as the associated difficulties that manifested themselves in the implementation of the state migration policy during the period under study. Based on the analysis of the activities of a number of federal and regional social, administrative and law enforcement agencies, the experience of state regulation of external migration in the period 1990–2020 is considered, the analysis of the implementation of the functions of the migration authorities system and the results of their impact on individual external migration flows is given. The opening of borders and the massive influx of migrants from Asian countries in the Far East in the 1990s coincided with the period of reforming the system of state control over migration, which was subjected to organizational changes, received a number of new functions and tasks. In the Russian Far East, the process of reforming this system was complicated by regional difficulties associated with the development of relations between federal and regional authorities with entrepreneurship and local self-government. The weakness and insufficient coordination of the activities of migration control bodies, their lack of common and understandable goals, the transfer of the competence of naturalization and registration of migrants into the hands of law enforcement agencies, the loss of social orientation in working with migrants have largely caused failures in social policy towards migrants, the formation of closed criminal communities in their environment, which are the basis for the formation of extremist practices and xenophobic attitudes in the host Russian society on the territory of Russia. As a result of the analysis of the results of the activities of the migration authorities system, general conclusions are made about the effectiveness of its work in the Far East, the successes achieved. At the same time, the article offers a number of proposals on improving work with foreign workers and immigrants, aimed at compensating for the loss of population and labor resources in the region. The results of the study can be used to improve the migration control system, to develop the foundations of migration policy in the region. The issues raised in it can become the basis for a more in-depth study of the processes related to the activities of state, municipal and public bodies involved in the regulation of migration, in order to attract, settle and adapt migrants necessary for the Far East.

scholarly journals Ensuring the Growth of Efficiency of Small Business and Private Entrepreneurship in the Terms of Innovative Development of the Construction Industry Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Sh. Fattakhov ◽  
D. Khairova
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Industry Cluster ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Private Entrepreneurship

The innovative development of construction requires the consolidation of the activities of all construction participants, including construction enterprises, most of which are small businesses and private entrepreneurship, industry management bodies, educational and scientific institutions. In this regard, the article substantiates the creation of an association of small businesses and private entrepreneurship and an industry cluster.

PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE MUNICIPALITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-173
Author(s):  
Дорохова ◽  
Yuliya Dorokhova ◽  
Анненкова ◽  
Alla Annenkova ◽  
Гришина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Support Measures

The article is based on the results of the survey of the heads of municipalities of the Orel region; it is dedicated to the study of conditions for the promotion of small business sector and reducing admi-nistrative barriers to its development. The purpose of writing this article is to pay attention of the representatives of legislative and executive authorities and the scientific community to the problems preven-ting the development of entrepreneurial activity in the municipalities. The research methodology includes conducting expert survey, comparative analysis and logical interpretation of the results set out in the form of conclusions on the presented issue. The results of the study are generalizations of sociological survey and authors’ conclusions that the most popular ways of supporting entrepreneurs of the municipality are financial support measures and measures for the development of business infrastructure. The main provisions reflecting the results of the study are the following: the conclusions of inefficient interaction between small businesses and local governments, lack of social orientation of this interaction and the need to strengthen it; the lack of effective dialogue between local authorities and the public on issues of interaction with small businesses; the need for state regulation of equal partnerships in financing and lending, administrative regulation and taxation in order to create conditions for development of small businesses.

Strategic management of innovative and investment business development in crisis of economic conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (99) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
A. O. Revutska ◽  
◽  
Y. А. Tsymbalyuk
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Business Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Management Of Innovation

The article considers the key points of application of strategic management in the management of innovation and investment development of small businesses in the context of state regulation. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical provisions at developing of strategic principles of innovation and investment development of small business as a tool for implementing socio-economic policy. The influence of the functioning of small business institute and its innovation and investment activity on the socio-economic development of the has been justified. According to the generalization of leading scientists researchеs, it has been noted that the state support of innovation and investment activities of small businesses is extremely important for the development of regions and local communities. The list of problems of objective and subjective nature of small business development at the present stage has been outlined. It has been substantiated the need to develop a long-term policy of the state based on the strategic supporting of innovation and investment component of small business. It has been noted that the strategic supporting of innovation and investment activity of small business is possible provided the development of an appropriate system of strategic management. The main goals of this system has been outlined. It has been determined that the system of strategic management of small business development involves the implementation of strategic measures at the national, regional and municipal levels, each of which determines the list of economic and administrative instruments that will contribute to the effectiveness of state regulation of small business. The basic requirements for the functioning of the system of strategic management of innovation and investment development of small businesses have been developed. The conformity to these criterias will increase the effectiveness of strategic management. The list of tasks to be implemented in the process of functioning of the strategic management system has been determined. It has been established that the process of strategic management of innovation and investment development will be effective on the monitoring basis. It would establish the program measures for support of small business by public authorities and the formation of an effective feedback system between business and government at all levels.

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