Sociologia e piani strategici territoriali: alcune osservazioni sull'esperienza italiana

2009 ◽  
pp. 73-121
Author(s):  
Annick Magnier
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Political System ◽  
Physical Planning ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Intellectual System ◽  
Cultural Movements

- This work compares two important recent Italian spatial planning movements: the physical planning reform and the territorial strategic planning diffusion. While the former has generated some legal institutional moments and a new juridical reference system, the second has bred a community of different knowledge and informal collective actions that seem disparate in their output. Moreover, these two cultural movements appear as originated by different knowledge: town planning and jurisprudence for the former and social and administration sciences such as economics and, in particular, sociology for the second. There are many advantages deriving from strategic planning, anyway they are darkened by some adaptation problems due to the organization nature. The author aims, in this work, to consolidate the useful tie between intellectual system on one side and administrative and political system on the other side, to give strategic planning the possibility to make its most.

Power and Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaela Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
External Agents ◽  
Rules Of The Game

This chapter discusses the links between knowledge and power and aims to demonstrate that, to “manage knowledge implies use of power, in terms of the ability of an organisation to achieve a collective sense of ‘what to do next’ and to exercise authority over the behaviour and communication patterns of internal and external agents – thereby influencing such things as who will interact with whom, on what basis, and to what purpose” (Clegg & Ray, 2003: 23). Power, knowledge, and the ‘rules of the game’ within an organisation (its political system, organisational culture, how things are done) are therefore intertwined; one cannot simply exist without the other. Clegg and Ray (2003: 23) go on to say, “the interaction of power and rules – to enable and constrain legitimate individual and collective actions – simultaneously shapes those actions. Rules shape actions that, in turn, have consequences for the evolution of rules and their interpretation in context.”

MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES AND INSURANCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Anatolii Petrovich Mykolaiets
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Production Management ◽  
National Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
The Political ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Natural Form

It is noted that from the standpoint of sociology, “management — a function of organized systems of various nature — (technical, biological, social), which ensures the preservation of their structure, maintaining a certain state or transfer to another state, in accordance with the objective laws of the existence of this system, which implemented by a program or deliberately set aside”. Management is carried out through the influence of one subsystem-controlling, on the other-controlled, on the processes taking place in it with the help of information signals or administrative actions. It is proved that self-government allows all members of society or a separate association to fully express their will and interests, overcome alienation, effectively combat bureaucracy, and promote public self-realization of the individual. At the same time, wide direct participation in the management of insufficiently competent participants who are not responsible for their decisions, contradicts the social division of labor, reduces the effectiveness of management, complicates the rationalization of production. This can lead to the dominance of short-term interests over promising interests. Therefore, it is always important for society to find the optimal measure of a combination of self-management and professional management. It is determined that social representation acts, on the one hand, as the most important intermediary between the state and the population, the protection of social interests in a politically heterogeneous environment. On the other hand, it ensures the operation of a mechanism for correcting the political system, which makes it possible to correct previously adopted decisions in a legitimate way, without resorting to violence. It is proved that the system of social representation influences the most important political relations, promotes social integration, that is, the inclusion of various social groups and public associations in the political system. It is proposed to use the term “self-government” in relation to several levels of people’s association: the whole community — public self-government or self-government of the people, to individual regions or communities — local, to production management — production self-government. Traditionally, self-government is seen as an alternative to public administration. Ideology and practice of selfgovernment originate from the primitive, communal-tribal democracy. It is established that, in practice, centralization has become a “natural form of government”. In its pure form, centralization does not recognize the autonomy of places and even local life. It is characteristic of authoritarian regimes, but it is also widely used by democratic regimes, where they believe that political freedoms should be fixed only at the national level. It is determined that since the state has achieved certain sizes, it is impossible to abandon the admission of the existence of local authorities. Thus, deconcentration appears as one of the forms of centralization and as a cure for the excesses of the latter. Deconcentration assumes the presence of local bodies, which depend on the government functionally and in the order of subordination of their officials. The dependency of officials means that the leadership of local authorities is appointed by the central government and may be displaced.

scholarly journals Identificação de Unidades de Paisagem: metodologia aplicada a Portugal Continental

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (72) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Pinto Correia ◽  
António Cancela Abreu ◽  
Rosário Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Landscape Units ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF LANDSCAPE IN PORTUGAL –This paper presents the concepts and methodology used in the study «Identification and characterisation of landscape in continental Portugal» undertaken by theDepartment of Landscape and Biophysical Planning of the University of Evora for the General Directorate for Spatial Planning and Urban Development (DGOT-DU) at the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning, between 1999 and 2001. On the one hand, the methodological approach developed is based on the methodologies used recently for the same purpose in different European countries and on the way landscape has been considered in various European documents in the last years. On the other hand, it is also based on the team’s concern to approach the landscape as an holistic entity, and to examine its various components: ecological, cultural, socio-economic and sensorial. The set aim has been to define landscape units and to characterize these units in relation to the present landscape and the recorded trends, related problems and possibilities. Thus, the cartography relative to selected variables has been combined and related to satellite images and field surveys. The results of cross-referencing all this information has than been combined with expert examination of landscape coherence and character within each unit. The assessment was completed after careful bibliographic research and consultation with regional experts. The result is a flexible approach that combines objective analysis with a more subjective assessment, which the team considered fundamental for a true understanding of landscape.

scholarly journals STATUS HAK ATAS TANAH PASCA BENCANA LIKUIFAKSI DAN RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH DI KOTA PALU

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Nurhilma Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The People ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Post Disaster

Adapun hasil penelitian dan pembahasan sebagai berikut: 1). Masyarakat di kawasan yang terdampak likuifaksi (kelurahan petobo, kecamatan palu selatan, kota palu, provinsi sulawesi tengah) sesuai dengan pergub nomor 10 tahun 2019, bahwa masyarakat tidak dapat menuntut lagi tanahnya di kawasan terdampak likuifaksi. Sebab, sangat jelas dalam pergub nomor 10 tahun 2019 bahwa kawasan terdampak likuifaksi di kelurahan petobo termasuk dalam zona merah, yang dalam hal ini dengan dipindahkan masyarakat korban bencana likuifaksi ke lokasi lebih aman (relokasi). Maka dengan adanya relokasi tersebut, masyarakat tidak lagi dapat menuntut hak atas tanahnya di kawasan terdampak likuifaksi,2). Berdasarkan pergub nomor 10 tahun 2019,mengatur mengenai penataan ruang wilayah perlunya perubahan pemanfaatan ruang di beberapa lokasi terdampak bencana masif, maka menjadi penting penyusunan arahan pemanfaatan ruang baru yang dapat diterima oleh masyarakat. Disamping itu, di daerah-daerah yang tidak terdampak bencana, maka arahan pemanfaatan ruang lama akan mengalami perubahan minimal, atau bahkan tidak berubah sama sekali. Kesimpulan yang bisa diambil dari penelitian ini adalah Bahwa masyarakat di kawasan terdampak (Kelurahan Petobo, Kecamatan Palu Selatan, Kota Palu, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah) sesuai dengan Pergub Nomor 10 Tahun 2019, bahwa masyarkat tidak dapat lagi menuntut tanahnya di kawasan terdampak. Sebab, sangat jelas didalam pergub Nomor 10 Tahun 2019  bahwa kawasan terdampak (Keluarahan Petobo) termasuk dalam Zona Merah, yang dalam hal ini dengan dipindahkannya masyarakat korban bencana dikawasan terdampak ke lokasi yang lebih aman (relokasi). Maka, dengan adanya relokasi tersebut, masyarakat tidak lagi dapat menuntut hak atas tanahnya dikawasan terdampak, dan Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah telah mengeluarkan Peraturan Gubernur Sulawesi Tengah No. 10 Tahun 2019 Tentang Rencana Rehabilitasi dan Relokasi Pascabencana, yang mengatur pelaksanaan pembangunan rumah untuk relokasi korban likuifaksi yang memiliki hak atas tanah dan bangunan secara sah menurut hukum. Pembangunan tempat tinggal untuk relokasi disini prinsipnya adalah pemerataan dan adil antara luas tanah dan fisik rumah adalah samaKata Kunci: Tanah, Status Hukum, Tata Ruang, dan Bencana Alam. The results suggest the following: 1) the community in the areas affected by liquefaction is according to the governor regulation number 10 of 2019 in which the community can no longer claim their land in areas affected. It is clearly stated within it that Petobo Sub-district belongs to the red zone which means that the people affected were relocated to a safer place and thus are not able to claim the land in the affected area; 2) the governor regulation number 10 of 2019 regulates the regional spatial planning which needs change in terms of utilizing spaces in several areas affected by massive disasters. That is why it is necessary to have arrangements for the utilization of new spaces that are acceptable to the community. On the other hand, the unaffected areas would undergo either minimal or absent change. In conclusion, the people in Petobo, Palu, Central Sulawesi, based on the governor regulation number 10 of 2019, are no longer able to claim their lands as it is considered a Red Zone which only for relocating the victims of a disaster. The provincial government of Central Sulawesi has issued the 2019 Regulation of the Governor of Central Sulawesi number 10 regarding the planning of the post-disaster rehabilitation and relocation that focus on the implementation of houses construction for the victims of liquefaction who have legal rights to lands and buildings according to the law. The principal of this construction is equal and fair between the land area and the physical house.Keywords: land, legal status, spatial planning, and natural disaster.

scholarly journals Strategy as planning document

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zora Zivanovic ◽  
Sinisa Trkulja
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Form

The need for planning, as a process through which the future can be influenced to a certain extent, gave a new form of this activity, that has characteristics of generalization, flexibility and adaptability in time and in space which it refers to. That is strategic planning, which tends to coordinate the variety of development components and has for its aim successful implementation based on planning objectives. In the practice of spatial planning in Serbia, important differences can be recognized in perception of the term "strategy" as a planning document, and in consequence differences in perception of its form, content and aim. In that sense, this paper is dedicated to the interpretation of different approaches in strategic spatial planning in Serbia and it points out strengths and weaknesses of those approaches.

scholarly journals What's Left? - an Exploration of Social Movements, the Left and Activism in New Zealand Today

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dylan Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Political Condition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Class Composition ◽  
Third Phase

<p>Surveys of the situation and prospects of the contemporary Left over the past three decades have frequently underscored themes of fragmentation, decline, even terminal demise. This thesis explores the question of the contemporary Left through interviews conducted with participants in New Zealand social movements. The general theoretical literature around the Left and social movements has consistently highlighted a number of social changes and challenges facing the Left today: the split between old and new Lefts following the rise of the new social movements; economic transformation (for instance, post-Fordism), and changes in class composition; the rise of neo-liberalism, and the dislocating effects of globalization; intellectual challenges, such as the demise of Marxism and the rise of post-modern philosophy; challenges to the state, and the arrival of a "post-political" condition. Analysis of the New Zealand literature around the Left and social movements shows congruent arguments and themes, as well as suggesting Antipodean specificities. To examine these contentions, a series of interviews were conducted with participants in "Left" social movements. These interviews suggest both congruence with some of the arguments in the literature and complexities that do not confirm these generalizations. In particular, the suggestion that a third phase of the Left is emerging, characterized by the joining of culturalist and materialist emphases, appears somewhat confirmed. In addition, a number of the challenges signalled in the literature were singled out by interviewees as pressing - for instance, neo-liberalism and the mediatisation of politics. With respect to the modes of action of social movements connected to the Left, there was here too some confirmation of themes from the literature - for instance, the importance of networking. On the other hand, the widespread theme of the wholesale decline of collective actions was put into question by those interviewed. While no definitive conclusions can be drawn from such a study, the interviews suggest the Left may be entering a period of renewal.</p>

County Town Planning under the Background of Strategic Planning – Taking Longshi Town in Longchang County of Sichuan Province for Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
You Si
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Construction Strategy ◽  
County Town

Townlet construction is an important part of county town planning. Taking the overall planning and design of Longshi town in Longchang county of Sichuan Province for example, this thesis analyzes the characteristics and opportunities of Longshi town, puts forward corresponding construction strategy and comes up with specific plan of planning and design under the background of Longchang's planning of development strategy .

Separation of Powers and the Strategic Constraint

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Bailey ◽  
Forrest Maltzman
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Law

Justices have considerable latitude to pursue either their personal preferences or their personal visions of the law. The danger is that the Court gets so far out of line from the rest of the political system that we see fundamental institutional showdowns that threaten the independence of the judiciary, such as the Court-packing controversy in the 1930s. If the elected branches influence justices, however, they can keep the Court in check, thereby attenuating such risks. This chapter tests whether the Court systematically yields to the elected branches. In particular, it examines whether individual justices vote differently when the constraints imposed by the executive and legislative branches are likely to be at their strongest. It focuses on the two versions in the literature: one in which the Court is constrained only on statutory cases and the other in which the constraint extends to all cases, including constitutional cases.

A numerical approach for simulating two-dimensional dense-snow avalanches in global coordinate systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Zugliani ◽  
Giorgio Rosatti ◽  
Stefania Sansone
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Finite Volume ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Snow Avalanche ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Snow Avalanches ◽  
Avalanche Models

&lt;p&gt;Snow avalanche models are commonly based on a continuum fluid scheme, on the assumption of shallow flow in the direction normal to the bed, on a depth-averaged description of the flow quantities and on different assumptions concerning the velocity profile, the friction law, and the pressure in the flow direction (see Bartelt et al, 1999, Barbolini et al., 2000, for an overview). The coordinate reference system is commonly local, i.e., for each point of the domain, one axis is normal to the bed while the other two axes lay in a tangent plane. When the bed is vertical and the flow is not aligned with the steepest direction (e.g., in case of a side wall), the flow depth is no longer defined considering the normal direction and the model based on the local coordinate system is no longer valid. In near-vertical conditions, numerical problems can be expected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another critical point, for numerical models based on finite volume schemes and Godunov fluxes, is the accurate treatment of the source term in case of no-motion conditions (persistence, starting and stopping of the flow) due to the presence of velocity-independent, Coulomb-type terms in the bed shear stress.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this work, we provide a numerical approach for a Voellmy-fluid based model, able to overcome the limits depicted above, to accurately simulate analytical solutions and to give reliable solutions in other cases (Zugliani &amp; Rosatti, 2021). Firstly, differently from the other literature models, the chosen coordinate reference system is global (an axis opposite the gravity vector and the other two orthogonal axes lay in the horizontal plane) and therefore, the relevant mass and momentum equations have been derived accordingly. Secondly, these equations have been discretized by using a finite volume method on a Cartesian square grid where the Godunov fluxes has been evaluated by mean of a modified DOT scheme (Zugliani &amp; Rosatti, 2016) while source terms in conditions of motion have been discretized by using an implicit operator-splitting technique. Finally, a specific algorithm has been derived to deal with the source term to determine the no-motion conditions.&amp;#160; Several test cases assess the capabilities of the proposed approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barbolini, M., Gruber, U., Keylock, C.J., Naaim, M., Savi, F. (2000), &lt;em&gt;Application of statistical and hydraulic-continuum dense-snow avalanche models to five real European sites.&lt;/em&gt; Cold Regions Science and Tech. 31, 133&amp;#8211;149.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bartelt, P., Salm, B., Gruber, U. (1999), &lt;em&gt;Calculating dense-snow avalanche runout using a voellmy-fluid model with active/passive longitudinal straining.&lt;/em&gt; Journal of Glaciology 45, 242-254.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Zugliani D., Rosatti G. (2021), &lt;em&gt;Accurate modeling of two-dimensional dense snow avalanches in global coordinate system: the TRENT2D&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#10052;&lt;/sup&gt; approach. &lt;/em&gt;Paper under review.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Zugliani, D., Rosatti, G. (2016), &lt;em&gt;A new Osher Riemann solver for shallow water flow over fixed or mobile bed&lt;/em&gt;, Proceedings of the 4th European Congress of the IAHR, pp. 707&amp;#8211;713.&lt;/p&gt;

Creating Synergies between Participatory Design of E-Services and Collaborative Planning

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-179
Author(s):  
Bridgette Wessels ◽  
Yvonne Dittrich ◽  
Annelie Ekelin ◽  
Sara Eriksén
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Collaborative Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comprehensive Planning ◽  
Communicative Planning ◽  
Operational Design ◽  
On Line ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, the gap between participatory design of services and planning processes is identified. This means that any innovations in service design – whether technological, social, or locality-based – are not fully developed. The authors address the relationship between operational design and strategic planning. The article feeds some of the insights gained from participatory design into debates about collaborative and communicative planning by drawing on two exemplars. One focuses on creating a synergy between designing and planning in transforming neighborhood-based children’s services: the other discusses the design of Web 2.0 for on-line public consultancy for comprehensive planning and for mobile services for disabled people. All require synergies between operational design and strategic planning to support participation in collaborative planning for accessibility in urban spaces. The article shows how the development of design constituencies within various contexts of participatory design provides a vehicle for developing collaborative and communicative planning.

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