scholarly journals Why do candidates attack? Explanatory factors in negative television political advertising

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Martín Echeverría ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Political Advertising ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Negative Advertising ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Party Ideology

Facing the concern of increasing incivility in political campaigns, we present a content analysis of negative advertising broadcast in four Mexican presidential elections, to explain the factors that shape their treats and likelihood of emission (2000 to 2018, N=108). Three factors are significant: competitiveness of the elections raises the likelihood of attacks; strict regulation makes them subtler, and party ideology determines the tactics followed.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Iklan Negatif Di Media Sosial Dalam Politik Di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rully Rully
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Political Advertising ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Presidential Campaigns ◽  
Negative Advertising ◽  
Shared Content ◽  
Political Ads ◽  
In Series

Political advertising has been part in series of political campaigns with all its dynamics. Interestingly, social media is quite effective attracting voters thus emerging the supporting community. This phenomenon is felt since 2014 Elections, when viewed furthermore, the shared content in socmed has same patterns packing political ads, which plays negative issue in society. How is the effectiveness of political ads through socmed in Indonesian politics? Why is a negative political ads tends to have more influence in society? According Perloff (2014), the feature of political ads is to direct its negativity, used for colorful roles in presidential campaigns and proving that it is easier for people to consider negative advertising than positive advertising.Qualitative descriptive analysis will reveal the phenomena with relevant theories to the effects of socmed illustrating its power to form partisan.

Reassessing Relationships between Communication Forms and Political Knowledge in Political Campaigns from a Geospatial Perspective: The Case of Local TV News

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-I Liu
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Television News ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Tv News ◽  
Cable Television News ◽  
The U.S

<p><a>This study investigates the informing effects of communication in political campaigns from a geospatial perspective. The results from analyzing survey data collected during the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections in the U.S. generally suggest that the main forms of traditional </a>communication, i.e., print newspapers and network and cable television news—but with the exception of local TV news—play a significant role in informing citizens about political campaigns. Political discussion also plays a role in this regard. The implications of the respective roles of a number of news forms in a democracy are discussed.</p>

Bases Loaded

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Panagopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Political Campaign ◽  
Voter Mobilization ◽  
Campaign Strategy ◽  
Partisan Polarization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Swing Voters ◽  
Fundamental Shift

Over the past few decades, a fundamental shift in political campaign strategy has been afoot in U.S. elections: Political campaigns have been gradually shifting their attention away from swing voters toward their respective, partisan bases. Independents and weak partisans have been targeted with less frequency, and the emphasis in contemporary elections has been on strong partisans. This book documents this shift—away from persuasion toward base mobilization—in the context of U.S. presidential elections and explains that this phenomenon is likely linked to several developments, including advances in campaign technology and voter-targeting capabilities as well as insights from behavioral social science focusing on voter mobilization. The analyses show the 2000 presidential election represents a watershed cycle that punctuated this shift. The book also explores the implications of the shift toward base mobilization and links these developments to growing turnout rates for strong partisans and attenuating participation among independents or swing voters over time. The book concludes these patterns have contributed to heightened partisan polarization in the United States.

scholarly journals PORTRAIT PHOTO STUDY AS COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN A POLITICAL CAMPAIGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
I Putu Dudyk Arya Putra ◽  
Ramanda Dimas Surya Dinata ◽  
Agung Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Political Campaign ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Media Communications ◽  
Photo Study ◽  
Picture Frame

Campaign in principle is a process of individual or group communication activities institutionalized and aims to create a certain impact. Political contestation at this time currently uses various media as mass communication. One of the most widely used media communications in political campaigns is portrait photos. In a portrait photo that is seen is the protrusion of a figure in a picture frame. Portrait photos are widely used in today's political campaign media and appear to be a mandatory element in campaign media. Its almost certain when there are political activities such as general elections, presidential elections and others, campaign media that display portraits of political figures can be found in strategic public places. Usually photos that are selected or set to be communicative and the appearance of the expressions from political figures sparks smiles and laughter to gain sympathy from their constituents. The form of portrait photos in campaign media appears in various mediums such as banners, billboards, pins, stickers, posters, t-shirts, and others. The communication that is built in the portrait photo media is non verbal communication that requires viewers to see visuals or images. This become interesting to study because portrait photos are not enough to only be read as visual that display personal figures but can be seen from a social angle because their presence functions as signs and illustrative elements.

Separation by Television Program: Understanding the Targeting of Political Advertising in Presidential Elections

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis N. Ridout ◽  
Michael Franz ◽  
Kenneth M. Goldstein ◽  
William J. Feltus
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Political Advertising ◽  
Television Program ◽  
Program Understanding

Campaign Songs and Political Advertising in Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-130
Author(s):  
Margaret Ivy Amoakohene ◽  
Gilbert K. M. Tietaah ◽  
Favour Esinam Normeshie ◽  
Fidelis Yayra Sesenu
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Advertising ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Office ◽  
Election Cycles

As persuasive tools for political campaigns, songs and music are integral features of electioneering in Africa. Since Ghana's return to multiparty democracy in 1992, election cycles in the country have been heralded and accentuated by campaign songs which extol the virtues of their sponsors and/or denigrate the achievements and their suitability for political office. This chapter examines the use of repetitions, testimonials, and biblical imagery in campaign songs of two major political parties in Ghana—the New Patriotic Party (NPP) and the National Democratic Congress (NDC)—during the 2012 and 2016 elections. Eight campaign songs were analyzed. The findings show that the songs sought to communicate messages/themes of submissiveness/humility, divine choice/prophecy, achievers/achievement, and opponents as failures/deceivers about the political parties and their candidates.

Nature of Tweets in the 2015 Nigerian Presidential Elections

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwachukwu Andrew Egbunike ◽  
Noel Ihebuzor ◽  
Ngozi Onyechi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Election Results

Social media is becoming increasingly important as a means for social engagement. In Nigeria, Twitter is employed to convey opinion and make commentary on matters ranging from football to politics. Tweets are also used to inform, advocate, recruit and even incite. Previous studies have shown that Twitter could be effective for political mobilization. However, there is dearth of research on how Twitter has been used as a purveyor of neutral and/or hate speech in the Nigerian context. This study examined the nature of tweets in the immediate aftermath of the 2015 presidential election in Nigeria. The authors employed content analysis of 250 purposively selected tweets from the #Igbo hashtag which trended between March 29 and 31, 2015. The tweets were then categorized into five explicit hate and one neutral tweet category respectively. Results revealed the dominance of three hate tweet types: derogatory, mocking and blaming. These findings were then discussed bearing in mind earlier theories on the functionality of tweets and voting patterns from an analysis of the election results.

scholarly journals By any memes necessary? Small political acts, incidental exposure and memes during the 2017 UK general election

2020 ◽  
pp. 136914812093059
Author(s):  
Liam McLoughlin ◽  
Rosalynd Southern
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
General Election ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Incidental Exposure ◽  
Policy Information ◽  
High Level

Following the 2017 UK general election, there was much debate about the so-called ‘youthquake’, or increase in youth turnout (YouGov). Some journalists claimed it was the ‘. . . memes wot won it’. This article seeks to understand the role of memes during political campaigns. Combining meta-data and content analysis, this article aims to answer three questions. First, who creates political memes? Second, what is the level of engagement with political memes and who engages with them? Finally, can any meaningful political information be derived from memes? The findings here suggest that by far the most common producers of memes were citizens suggesting that memes may be a form of citizen-initiated political participation. There was a high level of engagement with memes with almost half a million shares in our sample. However, the level of policy information in memes was low suggesting they are unlikely to increase political knowledge.

scholarly journals Explanatory Factors of the Environmental Disclosure of Potentially Polluting Companies: Evidence From Brazil

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401982954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Maria da Silva Santos ◽  
Wenner Glaucio Lopes Lucena ◽  
Wesley Vieira da Silva ◽  
Tatiana Marceda Bach ◽  
Claudimar Pereira da Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Environmental Disclosure ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Sustainability Report

This research aims at identifying explanatory factors of the environmental disclosure of potentially polluting Brazilian companies listed on the São Paulo Security, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA), from 2005 to 2015. Financial and environmental disclosure information of 182 Brazilian companies of the high-, medium-, and low-polluting potential sectors were collected. Data were analyzed through content analysis of documents and Regression with Panel Data. Results indicate that the company’s size, profitability, internationalization, and sustainability report are explanatory factors of the disclosure of environmental information, while indebtedness presents an inverse relationship. This study concludes that the explanatory factors of environmental disclosure of potentially polluting Brazilian companies are, with a higher weight, the publication of the sustainability report and stock market internationalization and, with lower weight, size, indebtedness, and profitability. This study discusses the relevance of environmental disclosure to companies that perform potentially polluting activities to provide support for different agents linked to these companies they may have access. It presents as theoretical contribution the explanatory variables for environmental disclosure of potentially polluting companies, an analysis not yet carried out in the literature. The practical contribution is to present information to interested users that potentially polluting companies, larger in size, internationalized, and with more profitability, disclose their environmental information.

scholarly journals Content Analysis of Spiritual Life in Contemporary USA, India, and China

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Elsa Lau ◽  
Clayton McClintock ◽  
Marianna Graziosi ◽  
Ashritha Nakkana ◽  
Albert Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Practice Meditation ◽  
India And China

This study investigates the lived-experience of spiritual life in contemporary USA, India, and China. A qualitative coding frame was constructed based on participant responses to open-ended questions regarding spirituality. Qualitative analysis was facilitated by the use of Dedoose, a mixed methods software. The exploratory approach of this study takes on a cross-culturally comparative lens, and has two primary questions: (1) What are the universal aspects of lived spirituality across cultures, and (2) How does culture shape spiritual experience (e.g., typology and prevalence)? A total of 6112 participants (41% women, mean age of 29 years, range 18–75 years) were recruited, and analysis was conducted on a subset of 900 participants. The primary thematic categories derived by content analysis included religion (religious traditions, religious conversion, religious professionals, religious figures “theophany,” and religious forces “heirophany”), contemplative practice (meditation, mindful movement, prayer, and rituals), ancestors (ancestral worship, dreams about ancestors, and general mention of ancestors), natural world (animals, and nature), and metaphysical phenomena. Metaphysical categories were further parsed apart to include extrasensory perception (telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, realistic dreams, and intuitive impressions), psychokinesis, survival hypothesis (near death experiences, out of body experiences, and apparitional experiences), and faith and energy healing (recovery/remission of illness, and spiritual practitioners). Explanatory factors for similarities and differences across groups, and the origins of spirituality, are discussed.

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