scholarly journals Monetary valuation of a Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) for depressive disorders among patients and non-patient respondents: A matched willingness to pay study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ulbrich ◽  
Christoph Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Health Gain ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Year ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health State ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Two Samples

Background As estimated by the World Health Organization, depressive disorders will be the leading contributor to the Global Burden of Disease by 2030. In light of this fact, we designed a study whose aim was to investigate whether the value placed on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for a depressive disorder is higher in patients diagnosed with a major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to non-patients in a matched sample. Method We collected data on willingness to pay (WTP) for a total of four health-gain scenarios, which were presented to 18 outpatients diagnosed with a MDD versus 18 matched non-patient respondents with no symptoms of depression. Matching characteristics included age, income, level of education, and type of health insurance. Respondents were presented with different HRQoL scenarios in which they could choose to pay money to regain their initial health state through various treatment options (e.g., inpatient treatment, electroconvulsive therapy). To test whether the probability of stating a positive WTP differed significantly between the two samples, Fisher’s exact test was used. Differences regarding stated WTP between the samples were investigated using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results For most of the health scenarios, the probability of stating a positive WTP did not differ between the two samples. However, patient respondents declared WTP values up to 7.4 times higher than those stated by matched non-patient respondents. Conclusion Although the perceived necessity to pay for mental-HRQoL gains did not differ between respondents with MDD and respondents with no symptoms of depression, patient respondents stated higher values.

Prevalence and Recognition of Depressive Disorders in General Medical Inpatients

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel W. Hengeveld ◽  
Frans A. J. M. Ancion ◽  
Harry G. M. Rooijmans
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Consultation ◽  
Consultant Psychiatrist ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Medical Inpatients ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Depressive Patients

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered to 220 of 340 patients consecutively admitted to three general medical wards of a University Hospital, whose length of hospital stay was more than five days. At least mild symptoms of depression (BDI ≥ 13) were reported by 70/220 (32%) of the patients. Alternate BDI depressive patients underwent psychiatric consultation. The psychiatric consultant established a DSM-III depressive disorder in 10/33 (30%) of these patients. Only 3/10 (30%) of the DSM-III depressive patients had been referred to the consultant psychiatrist by their physician.

scholarly journals Willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year for depressive disorders compared to heart disease based on population preferences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ulbrich ◽  
Christoph Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
German Population ◽  
Health Loss ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

Abstract Purpose According to estimations of the World Health Organization, depressive disorders, and cardiovascular disease will be the leading causes for global burden of disease in 2030. The aim of the present study was to estimate the value a representative sample of the German population places on quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for depressive disorders compared to heart disease. Methods A representative sample of N = 967 of the German general public was randomly presented with one of two hypothetical health-loss scenarios: One version of the questionnaire presented respondents with health loss due to depression, while the other version dealt with health loss due to experiencing a heart disease. Respondents were asked to indicate their willingness to pay (WTP) for four hypothetical health-gain scenarios with different treatment options. Results In the depression questionnaire median WTP values ranged from 1000 to 1500 EUR; in the heart disease questionnaire from 1000 to 2000 EUR. Results of the Mann–Whitney U-Test and Median Test indicate higher WTP values for heart disease compared to depressive disorders when QALY gains were minor and stretched over a long period of time, and when treatment with bypass operation (rather than treatment with ECT) was offered. Zero WTP was significantly higher in all scenarios of the depression questionnaire in comparison to the hearth disease questionnaire. Conclusion Results indicate that respondents valued the necessity of paying for treatment higher when presented with heart disease compared to depression.

Targeted vs opportunistic screening for viral hepatitis among UK migrant communities: a cost-effectiveness analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Harold A Salmon ◽  
Simon Briscoe ◽  
Graham R Foster ◽  
Martin A Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Targeted Screening ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

Worldwide eradication of chronic hepatitis B and C viruses by 2030 is a stated goal of the World Health Organization, UK government and the European Union. This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of targeted screening vs opportunistic screening for hepatitis B and C among migrant populations in the UK. Results of a previous clinical trial (HepFREE) carried out in London and Bradford were used to develop a combined decision tree and Markov simulation model. Despite a low response to invitations for vaccination, and a heterogeneous level of response between communities of different ethnic composition, this analysis shows that incentivised targeted screening is cost-effective at willingness-to-pay thresholds over £8540 per incremental quality-adjusted life year over a lifetime. Furthermore, probabilistic analysis of input parameter uncertainty suggests that the intervention has a greater than 95% probability of being cost-effective at willingness-to-pay thresholds under £30 000 per incremental quality-adjusted life year. These results strongly suggest that targeted screening should play a key part in the eradication of the hepatitis B and C viruses.

scholarly journals Mental Health Reflections and Self-Rating at Population Contexts and Paradigms

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Nezar Ahmed Salim ◽  
Hamid Yahya Hussain ◽  
Fouad Hussein Chehab ◽  
Mohammed Tuffaha ◽  
Katrina Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Global Statistics

Background: Depression is a major source of distress and can have a profound impact on the quality of life and consider leading cause of death and morbidity. Early treatment and identification of depression reduces the burden on caregivers and family member along with medical costs. About 3% of the global population proved to be affected by depressive disorders currently according to global statistics. People are most likely to develop their first depressive episode between the ages of 30-40. There is a second, smaller peak of incidence between ages of 50-60 years. Objectives: The main goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of depression in people living in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Methodology: Community based-study was conducted in 2019 with the use of a cross-sectional, multistage, stratified, cluster random sample. Families were visited and interviewed at their homes. Data was collected by adapted tool from the World Health Survey and developed by WHO. 2532 families were interviewed by approximately 100 well trained data collectors 25 nurses. Results: The present study showed that the prevalence of depressive disorder among Adults aged 18 and above was 2.1 %. This fluctuates between 2.3% for females and 2% for males. The estimated number of adults who were affected by depressive disorder was 54,733 who age 18 years and above. Out of all clients having depressive disorder, only 19% were diagnosed. While approximately 81% did not realize that they were suffering from a depressive disorder. The results show the depression prevalence was 4.7% for local clients compared to 2% for non-local clients. Conclusions: Depression tends to adversely impact individual’s quality of life. Males are less likely to suffer from depression than females and UAE nationals more than expatriate. Depressive disorders among Dubai population is not uncommon, in spite of revealing the lowest level of global depressive rating, it does reflect significant public health implications which necessitate effective containment strategies.

scholarly journals Domestic violence: The day-to-day life of peruvian women experiencing depressive disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Josefina Amanda Suyo-Vega ◽  
Mónica Elisa Meneses-La-Riva ◽  
Susana Edita Paredes-Díaz ◽  
Víctor Hugo Fernández-Bedoya
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional

Violence against women in Peru is on the rise, with 138% of femicides recorded by women's emergency centers by 2018. Mental health with depressive disorders is the leading cause of health problems worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. The objective was to determine the prevalence of domestic violence and depressive disorders among women in three departments of Peru. The methodology was applied, with a quantitative approach, of non-experimental design, of a cross-sectional nature. The population consisted of 384 women over 18 years of age, distributed in Lima 250, La Libertad 80, and Amazonas 54, where they reported mistreatment and depressive disorders, information recorded in the Women's Emergency Centres, the police stations, the Vaso de Leche social programs, the canteens and the Office of the Ombudsman for Women, Children, and Adolescents. The data collection technique was a survey, the instruments applied were two questionnaires, one measuring the prevalence of domestic violence (VIF J4), and the Hamilton Scale for depressive disorder, which suggests the following cut-off points: not depressed, mild/minor depression, moderate depression, severe depression, and very severe depression. Among the relevant results, it was found that of the 100% of women who suffer from domestic violence, these are subdivided into physical violence 16%), psychological violence 20%, sexual violence 26%, social violence 16%, patrimonial violence 11% and gender violence 13%. For the depressive disorder, it was found that 100 percent of women who suffer from domestic violence have depressive disorders divided into intermediate insomnia 4%, early insomnia 7%, late insomnia 7%, women who suffer in the development of their activities and work 8%, depressive mood 14%, thoughts about suicide (15/100), psychomotor inhibition 15%, and psychomotor agitation 15% that concluding that domestic violence associated with depressive disorders leads to suicide.

The impact of residual symptoms on relapse and quality of life among Thai depressive patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S326-S327
Author(s):  
T. Tantrarungroj ◽  
D. Nakawiro ◽  
T. Wongpakaran ◽  
N. Wongpakaran ◽  
P. Bookkamana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Residual Symptom ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionResidual symptoms of depressive disorder are major predictors of relapse of depression and lower quality of life. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of residual symptoms, relapse rates and quality of life among Thai patients with depressive disorders.MethodsHamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and EQ-5D were used to measure the symptoms of depression and quality of life, respectively. Prevalence of residual symptoms of depression was collected. Regression analysis was administered to predict relapse and patients’ quality of life at the 6 months post-baseline.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty-four depressive disorder patients were recruited. Most of patients (93.3%) had at least one residual symptom, and the most common residual symptom was anxiety symptoms (76.3%; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.82). After 3 months post-baseline, 114 patients (50.9%) were in remission and within 6 months, 44 of them (38.6%) relapsed. Regression analysis showed that residual insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with these relapse cases (OR = 5.290, 95% CI, 1.42 to 19.76). Regarding quality of life, residual core mood and insomnia significantly predicted the EQ5D scores at 6 months post-baseline (B = −2.670, 95% CI, −181 to −.027, and B = −3.109, 95% CI, −172 to −.038, respectively).DiscussionResidual symptoms are common in patients receiving treatment for depressive disorder and were found to be associated with relapses and quality of life. Clinicians need to be aware of these residual symptoms when carrying out follow-up treatment in patients with depressive disorders, so that prompt action can be taken to mitigate the risk of relapse.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Depressive Disorders

Psychology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence P. Riso ◽  
Matthew Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Persistent Depressive Disorder

Depression is distinguished from ordinary sadness by its greater duration, severity, and impact on functioning. It is a highly prevalent condition, often with an early onset. Nearly a quarter of all individuals will experience a diagnosable depression at some point in their lifetimes. The early onset and recurrent nature of depression contribute to making it the most burdensome illness in the entire world, according to the World Health Organization. Over the last thirty years, the diagnosis of depression has changed little. Since 1980, every edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has included a category for severe acute depression (i.e., “major depression” or “major depressive disorder”) and a category for chronic depression (i.e., “dysthymia,” “dysthymic disorder,” or “persistent depressive disorder”). The current edition of the DSM (DSM-5) includes two main categories, “major depressive disorder” and “persistent depressive disorder.” Owing, perhaps, to its high prevalence rate and societal impact, depression is very well studied.

Preventing Premature Weaning: Management Options for Common Lactation Conditions, Including OMT

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Denise Sackett ◽  
Tala Dajani ◽  
David Shoup ◽  
Uzoma Ikonne
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Lactational Mastitis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Organization

The benefits of breastfeeding are well established. The World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that mothers breastfeed infants for at least one year, but most children are not breastfed that long because of many factors. Breastfeeding mothers face many challenges to continued breastfeeding, including medical conditions that arise during this period, such as postpartum depression and lactational mastitis. Because of a perceived lack of consistent guidance on medication safety, it can be difficult for the family physician to treat these conditions while encouraging mothers to continue breastfeeding. The purpose of the current review is to summarize and clarify treatment options for the osteopathic family physician treating lactating mothers. We specifically focus on the pharmacological management of contraception, postpartum depression, and lactational mastitis.

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