scholarly journals Changing Faces Competition. Mobilizing Citizens to Reclaim Public Spaces in Nairobi

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-86
Author(s):  
Anna Tehlova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Space Network ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The World

Statistics show that urban green public spaces deteriorate globally. In African cities, where the urbanization rates are the highest in the world, public spaces quickly disappear under layers of garbage or are grabbed. For public authorities having to deal with other pressing socio-economic challenges in the context of outdated regulations, insufficient capacity and resources and wide-spread corruption, public spaces are not a priority. However, the research worldwide has demonstrated the potential of public spaces to become the key catalyst of socio-economic growth given their environmental, economic and social benefits that are however largely ignored by public authorities and the general public in African cities. This article suggests a citizen-driven public space upgrading movement can address these challenges and presents a gamification approach for citizen mobilization and raising awareness: The Changing Faces Competition that has been piloted by Nairobi-based organizations Dandora Transformation League and Public Space Network.

Reconceptualizing the Public Spaces of New Urban Areas in Hanoi: The End or the New of Public-Making?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Tung Tran ◽  
◽  
Tien-Hau Phan ◽  
Ngoc-Huyen Chu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Doi Moi ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Public spaces are designed and managed in many different ways. In Hanoi, after the Doi moi policy in 1986, the transfer of the public spaces creation at the neighborhood-level to the private sector has prospered na-ture of public and added a large amount of public space for the city, directly impacting on citizen's daily life, creating a new trend, new concept of public spaces. This article looks forward to understanding the public spaces-making and operating in KDTMs (Khu Do Thi Moi - new urban areas) in Hanoi to answer the question of whether ‘socialization’/privatization of these public spaces will put an end to the urban public or the new means of public-making trend. Based on the comparison and literature review of studies in the world on public spaces privatization with domestic studies to see the differences in the Vietnamese context leading to differences in definitions and roles and the concept of public spaces in KDTMs of Hanoi. Through adducing and analyzing practical cases, the article also mentions the trends, the issues, the ways and the technologies of public-making and public-spaces-making in KDTMs of Hanoi. Win/loss and the relationship of the three most important influential actors in this process (municipality, KDTM owners, inhabitants/citizens) is also considered to reconceptualize the public spaces of KDTMs in Hanoi.

scholarly journals The Improvement of the Comfort of Public Spaces as a Local Initiative in Coping with Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vukmirovic ◽  
Gavrilovic ◽  
Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Space Network ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Public Space Design

Being the vital element of successful cities, public spaces play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals and in coping with climate change. The new urban agenda considers public spaces indispensable for sustaining the productivity of cities, social cohesion and inclusion, civic identity, and quality of life. Accordingly, there is no doubt about the importance of public spaces, while their quality is generated through the symbiosis of various elements. On the basis of normative theories of urban design, several public space design frameworks have been established in order to define what makes a good public place. Such a framework for public space quality evaluation is developed and tested at the Chair for Planning and Design in Landscape Architecture at the University of Belgrade—Faculty of Forestry. The framework covers six criteria which illuminate key aspects of public spaces: safety and security, accessibility, legibility, comfort, inspiration and sensitivity and liveability. In this research, special attention is paid to the criteria of comfort analysed on two scale levels in Belgrade, Serbia. In the past, Belgrade was affected by extreme weather events that caused serious and sometimes disastrous consequences. The most pronounced challenges among them are heat waves in summer that, due to the shortage of vegetation combined with the proliferation of tarmac and concrete surfaces and reduced air ventilation, particularly threaten the densely populated central municipalities of Stari Grad, Savski Venac and Vracar. The first scale level covers the analysis of the public space network and the degree of establishment of green infrastructure in Lower Dorcol quartier, which is located in the Municipality of Stari Grad, using quantitative and qualitative indicators and GIS (Geographic Information System) digital tools. The aim of this study is to observe the actual state of the public space network and to define a future scenario of its development in line with climate change challenges. Jevrejska Street, as an element of the above-mentioned public space network, is the subject of the next phase of the research. The study on this scale level will cover qualitative and quantitative analysis of public space elements such as paving, urban equipment, greenery, lighting, water facilities, etc. Next to that, by using the ENVI Met platform, the actual and proposed improvement of the street will be explored. The final part of this research will include a discussion about the research methodology used in order to improve the public space design process and to point out the need for the careful consideration of comfort as an important aspect of good public space.

scholarly journals UKRAINE TRANSPORT COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT MAIN ASPECTS ACCORDING TO THE INTEGRATION CRITERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Kateryna Kuzmenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transport System ◽  
System Integration ◽  
System Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Transport Potential

The transport system is one of the basic spheres of the economy, the stable and efficient functioning of which provides the necessary conditions for national security and economy, increasing living standards of the population, as well as it also provides revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine. Maritime transport has paramount importance for the foreign international economic relations.The national transport system development level is one of the most important sign for its technological progress.The transport system becomes the basis for Ukraine's effective entrance into the world community.At the same time the world economy development is characterized by processes of globalization and regionalization. Based on this facts, the object of research is the process of the maritime complex components development according to the criteria of effective positioning in the transport system integration processes.The aim of the investigation is to improve the efficiency of maritime transport integration technologies using, as well as to develop recommendations for the strategic approaches formation to the maritime transport potential components development. Special attention is paid to the main trends in integration processes and multimodal technologies.The study proved that for Ukraine, which economy depends on effective participation in the international labor division, the problem solving of country's maritime potential developing as a factor of its economic growth is extremely important.The need to recover transport potential requires from Ukraine to do some points such as to create its own strategy for the national transport network development, to building infrastructure, to replenish country's fleet and to attract new transit cargo flows.The obtained results practical significance is that the developed and scientifically substantiated main provisions, conclusions and recommendations can be used in practice by public authorities, as well as by private enterprises which are involved in the field of maritime transport.Keywords: integration technologies, transport potential, economic growth, multimodal transportation, international transport corridors

scholarly journals Better places for a liveable-and lively- city. A method of Post-Occupancy Evaluation of public spaces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Souza Tenorio ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Space Design ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Public spaces that attract and retain diverse people are crucial to foster urbanity and tolerance, and build stronger and livelier communities, especially in big cities. The simple coexistence of similarities and differences in public spaces can, to say the least, validate our own essence and offer us a possibility of growth. Sharing the same space with other people – even without interacting with them – favors social learning. Theory suggests that thought, feeling and behavior can be altered by observation. The search for public spaces that make urbanity viable is desirable in any society (especially in more unequal societies, as one can find in developing countries). However, inspired by ideas built on the critique of great urban agglomerations after the Industrial Revolution, cities around the world have undergone transformations that did exactly the opposite. As a series of lifeless places began to emerge, several researchers tried to figure out why this was happening. These researchers found that just wanting to create a lively place was not enough. It was necessary to scrutinize the behavior of people in public spaces in order to understand the relationship between their configuration and use. The knowledge they have built has been largely responsible for the increasing concern with public spaces and their relation to public life since the 1960s. Cities around the world are realizing that empty places could be full of people, and that not only a place full of people is something positive, but an empty place is not. They are learning to see underused public spaces as social, cultural, environmental, and financial waste. However, even with so much information available, it is still possible to find, in any contemporary city, public spaces that fail to support public life. Frequently, little or nothing is done to make them safer or more attractive, diverse and pleasant. It is even more worrying to realize that such places continue to be created. This is the focus of this paper. It brings together available knowledge and experiences in the area of public space design. It also complements, structures and translates such experiences and knowledge into a Public Space Post-Occupancy Evaluation Method, which stresses the importance of observing people and their activities. As a result, one can better understand, observe, assess and, thus, manipulate the main attributes of a public space that may influence its capacity to attract and retain diverse people on a daily basis. The method is offered as a tool to support those who deal with public spaces at different levels – from academic studies to municipal management. It has been used in Brasilia, Brazil, for the past 7 years, with positive results in governmental decision-making processes. A case study is briefly presented to illustrate its use.

scholarly journals Design Strategies for Safer and More Inclusive Public Spaces

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Anton-Barco ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Public space in the city is being continuously contested. The most compelling of these challenges comes from the recent terrorist attacks on cities across the world. While the awareness of the need to ‘design against terrorism’ and a demand for greater safety in public spaces has entered into citizen’s consciousness -given the perception of fear due to recent attacks- drastic security and surveillance measures usually go against a more open and inclusive public realm.

scholarly journals Architecture in the public space – streets and squares under the conditions of urban globalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Dariusz Gaweł
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Build Environment

This article is the result of the research carried out by the author in creating new public spaces and shaping contemporary urban-forming trends in the conditions of globalization. In his research (through literature criticism and in situ field research) the author analyzes selected contemporary architectural realizations in Poland over the last decades, comparing them with similar works around the world, assessing their impact on shaping the cities’ build environment. The comparison is made through the analysis of such factors as: the construction of the form, elements of architecture and construction affecting the location, visibility, perception and created relations between the building and the surroundings.

scholarly journals BENCHMARKS OF ENSURING AN «ECONOMIC BREAKTHROUGH» OF UKRAINE IN TECHNOLOGICAL AND INNOVATIVE AREAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Liubov Smoliar ◽  
Olha Ilyash ◽  
Ruslan Kolishenko ◽  
Tetiana Lytvak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Original System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Axiomatic Method ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Functional Components

Purpose. The aim of the article is the system analysis of foreign experience and development of indicators and directions of an «economic breakthrough» in technological and innovative areas within the framework for the preparation of the Strategy of an economic breakthrough of the state by the Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine. Methodology of research. General and special methods have been used to achieve this aim in our scientific and analytical development: the axiomatic method and scientific abstraction method (to define the terminological consistency of notions by studying the categorical apparatus «technological breakthrough», «economic breakthrough» and «innovative breakthrough”; induction and deduction methods (to determine the core factors of an economic breakthrough); the method of synthesis and system analysis (to substantiate the theoretical essence of the basic notions and develop our own system of indicators of an «economic breakthrough»; the decomposition method (to single out the functional components (technological and innovative) in the system of an «economic breakthrough»; tabular and graphical methods (to reflect the analytical calculations and the final results of the study). Findings. The experience of 19 countries that have made an «economic breakthrough» in technological and innovative areas is systematised, in particular: the experience of the USA, Canada, Australia, Japan, China, Singapore, South Korea, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, France, Germany, Egypt, Switzerland, Great Britain, Austria, Brazil and India. The original system of indicators has been suggested and the comparative monitoring of the indicators, which helped to provide a «technological and innovative breakthrough» for the selected countries of the world in comparison with Ukraine, has been carried out. The recommendations to public authorities, aimed at creating the main benchmarks of an «economic breakthrough» of Ukraine in the technological and innovative areas of activity, have been prepared. Originality. A system of indicators of an economic breakthrough of Ukraine in technological and innovative directions has been formed for the first time, the foreign experience of economically developed countries of the world in the direction of achieving economic growth of national economies has been systematised. The recommendations to public authorities concerning the identification of the main benchmarks for Ukraine's technological and innovative breakthrough in the near future have been further developed. Practical value. The outlined priority directions of the policy «Economic breakthrough» and intensification of the state policy on ensuring the economic welfare and growth in Ukraine are substantiated by the applied analysis of critical technological, innovative and state-building factors of the exacerbation of economic problems in Ukraine. Key words: economic breakthrough, benchmarks, indicators, technological area, innovative area, economic growth.

scholarly journals On Their Own

Ethnologies ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Tye
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Male Domination ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
The World ◽  
Solitary Female

This article explores the tension between women’s efforts to find time for themselves and traditional culture’s strong directives against women spending any time alone. Drawing on twenty-one contemporary legends from the Snopes website (http://www.snopes.com) that feature solitary female protagonists, it argues that the narratives demonstrate a gendered contestation of public space. Set in cars, hotels, shopping malls and in cyberspace, locations that sociologist Marc Augé (1995) describes as “non-places,” these legends warn of the dangers that await women if they venture into the world alone. In addressing the question of where women belong, the texts speak of female challenges to male domination of public spaces at the same time they reveal powerful male defenses.

scholarly journals FENOMENA DINAMIKA KEPUBLIKAN DALAM HIRARKI RUANG KAWASAN PUBLIK KOTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ully Irma Maulina Hanafiah ◽  
Doddy Friestya Asharsinyo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Area ◽  
The City ◽  
Empirical Condition

The public area of the city in general is currently experiencing rapid development due to economic growth and the influence of globalization. The public space is formed based on economic, social, political cultural interests, as well as developments and changes that occur in the current public space, making it limited and cannot be accessed optimally by the wider community. This is caused by the hierarchy of public spaces that are formed based on the functions that surround them. The purpose of this study is to reveal the phenomenon of public hierarchy in urban space in the context of its changes. This research is descriptive-analytical and based on theoretical and empirical elaboration. This approach is used to read public spaces in urban areas to get a reference for the interpretation of theoretical relationships from an empirical condition.

scholarly journals The Evolutions, Transformations, and Adaptations in Beirut’s Public Spaces

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Mady
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
New Public ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Right ◽  
Space Production ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

Beirut, Lebanon, has been a nexus for the east and west, has undergone episodes of conflict including the civil war between 1975 and 1989, and still witnesses instability to the present. This status has affected its everyday life practices, particularly as manifested in its public spaces. Over time, Beirut’s population has reflected the ability to adapt to living with different states of public spaces; these include embracing new public space models, adjusting to living in the war-time period with annihilated public spaces, and establishing a reconnaissance with post-war reintroduced, securitized, or temporary public spaces. Lefebvre’s space production triad serves to distinguish among spaces introduced through planning tools, from spaces appropriated through immaterial space-markers, or spaces established through social practices. This article provides an overview of the evolution of Beirut’s public spaces, starting with the medieval city and through into the 19th century, before examining the impact of instability and the conditions leading to the emergence of social spaces in the post-war period. It particularly highlights public spaces after 2005—when civic activism played an important role in raising awareness on the right to inclusive public space—by referring to literature, conducting interviews with public space protagonists, and addressing a questionnaire survey to inhabitants. The cases of Martyrs Square, Damascus Road, and the Pine Forest are presented, among other spaces in and around Beirut. The article reflects on the ability of some public spaces to serve as tools for social integration in a society that was segregated in the bouts of Beirut’s instability.

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